Muhammad
!["Muhammad, the Messenger of God"<br />inscribed on the gates of the [[Prophet's Mosque]] in [[Medina]]](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Dark_vignette_Al-Masjid_AL-Nabawi_Door800x600x300.jpg)
Muhammad was born in approximately 570CE in Mecca. He was the son of Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib and Amina bint Wahb. His father, Abdullah, the son of Quraysh tribal leader Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim, died around the time Muhammad was born. His mother Amina died when he was six, leaving Muhammad an orphan. He was raised under the care of his grandfather, Abd al-Muttalib, and paternal uncle, Abu Talib. In later years, he would periodically seclude himself in a mountain cave named Hira for several nights of prayer. When he was 40, circa 610CE, Muhammad reported being visited by Gabriel in the cave and receiving his first revelation from God. In 613, Muhammad started preaching these revelations publicly, proclaiming that "God is One", that complete "submission" (''islām'') to God (''Allah'') is the right way of life (''dīn''), and that he was a prophet and messenger of God, similar to the other prophets in Islam.
Muhammad's followers were initially few in number, and experienced hostility from Meccan polytheists for 13 years. To escape ongoing persecution, he sent some of his followers to Abyssinia in 615, before he and his followers migrated from Mecca to Medina (then known as Yathrib) later in 622. This event, the Hijrah, marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar, also known as the Hijri calendar. In Medina, Muhammad united the tribes under the Constitution of Medina. In December 629, after eight years of intermittent fighting with Meccan tribes, Muhammad gathered an army of 10,000 Muslim converts and marched on the city of Mecca. The conquest went largely uncontested, and Muhammad seized the city with little bloodshed. In 632, a few months after returning from the Farewell Pilgrimage, he fell ill and died. By the time of his death, most of the Arabian Peninsula had converted to Islam.
The revelations (''ayat'') that Muhammad reported receiving until his death form the verses of the Quran, regarded by Muslims as the verbatim "Word of God" on which the religion is based. Besides the Quran, Muhammad's teachings and practices (''sunnah''), found in transmitted reports (hadith) and in his biography (''sīrah''), are also upheld and used as sources of Islamic law. Provided by Wikipedia
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4247al-Himayah al-jina'iyah lil bi'ah al-hawa'iyah /الحماية الجنائية للبيئة الهوائية /by 'Abd al-Qawi, Muhammad Husayn
Published 2002Thesis Book -
4248al-Markaz al-qanuni lil mal al-'am : dirasah muqaranah /المركز القانوني للمال العام : دراسة مقارنة /by 'Abd al-Hamid, Muhammad Faruq
Published 1983Book -
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4251al-Sulh al-waqi min al-iflas fi al-shari'ah al-Islamiyah /مدى الحاجة إلى الأخذ بنظرية المصالح المرسلة فى الفقه الاسلامى : بحث مقارن /by Musa, Muhammad Sa'd Khatab
Published 1977Thesis Book -
4252Mada al-hajjah ila al-akhdh bi-nazriyah al-masalih al-mursalah fi al-fiqh al-Islami : bahth muqarin /مدى الحاجة إلى الأخذ بنظرية المصالح المرسلة فى الفقه الاسلامى : بحث مقارن /by al-Shinnawi, Sa'd Muhammad
Published 1977Thesis Book -
4253al-Qadaya al-nahwiyah wa al-sarfiyah fi Tafsir Jalal al-Suyuti ma'a hashiyah al-jamal 'alayhi al-musammah bi al-Futuhat al-Lanahiyah bi tawdih Tafsir al-Jalalayn lil-daqa'iq al-kha...القضايا النحوية والصرفية فى تفسير جلال الدين السيوطى مع حاشية الجمل عليه المسماة بالفتوحات اللا بوضح تفسير الجلالين للرقائق الخفية /by Abu Zayd, Mabruk Atiyah Muhammad
Published 1986Thesis Book -
4254Iltizam al-mu'ajjir bi taslim wa siyanah al-ma'jur /التزام المؤجر بتسليم وصيانة المأجور /by al-Quhaywi, Muhammad Ashraf Khalid
Published 2005Thesis Book -
4255I'rab al Qur'an al Karim : masadiruhu wa madhahib al-nuhah fihi /اعراب القرأن الكريم : مصادره ومذاهب النحاة فيه /by al-Hamd, Qasim Muhammad Salih
Published 1997Thesis Book -
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