Muhammad
!["Muhammad, the Messenger of God"<br />inscribed on the gates of the [[Prophet's Mosque]] in [[Medina]]](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Dark_vignette_Al-Masjid_AL-Nabawi_Door800x600x300.jpg)
Muhammad was born in approximately 570CE in Mecca. He was the son of Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib and Amina bint Wahb. His father, Abdullah, the son of Quraysh tribal leader Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim, died around the time Muhammad was born. His mother Amina died when he was six, leaving Muhammad an orphan. He was raised under the care of his grandfather, Abd al-Muttalib, and paternal uncle, Abu Talib. In later years, he would periodically seclude himself in a mountain cave named Hira for several nights of prayer. When he was 40, circa 610CE, Muhammad reported being visited by Gabriel in the cave and receiving his first revelation from God. In 613, Muhammad started preaching these revelations publicly, proclaiming that "God is One", that complete "submission" (''islām'') to God (''Allah'') is the right way of life (''dīn''), and that he was a prophet and messenger of God, similar to the other prophets in Islam.
Muhammad's followers were initially few in number, and experienced hostility from Meccan polytheists for 13 years. To escape ongoing persecution, he sent some of his followers to Abyssinia in 615, before he and his followers migrated from Mecca to Medina (then known as Yathrib) later in 622. This event, the Hijrah, marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar, also known as the Hijri calendar. In Medina, Muhammad united the tribes under the Constitution of Medina. In December 629, after eight years of intermittent fighting with Meccan tribes, Muhammad gathered an army of 10,000 Muslim converts and marched on the city of Mecca. The conquest went largely uncontested, and Muhammad seized the city with little bloodshed. In 632, a few months after returning from the Farewell Pilgrimage, he fell ill and died. By the time of his death, most of the Arabian Peninsula had converted to Islam.
The revelations (''ayat'') that Muhammad reported receiving until his death form the verses of the Quran, regarded by Muslims as the verbatim "Word of God" on which the religion is based. Besides the Quran, Muhammad's teachings and practices (''sunnah''), found in transmitted reports (hadith) and in his biography (''sīrah''), are also upheld and used as sources of Islamic law. Provided by Wikipedia
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5341by أبو العلا، محمد صلاح الدينOther Authors: “...Abu al-'Ala, Muhammad Salah al-Din...”
Published 2009
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5342by عبد الحليم، حسين محمد سعيدOther Authors: “...'Abd al-Halim, Husayn Muhammad Sa'id...”
Published 1981
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5343by معولي، محمد بن هلال بن ناصرOther Authors: “...Ma'awali, Muhammad ibn Hilal ibn Nasir...”
Published 2008
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5344by نفيسة، محمد بن عبدالله بن عليOther Authors: “...Nafisah, Muhammad ibn 'Abd Allah ibn 'Ali...”
Published 1991
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5345by رفيق، عبيدالله أبو القاسم محمدOther Authors: “...Rafiq, 'Ubayd Allah Abu al-Qasim Muhammad...”
Published 1983
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5346by منصور، معتصم عبد الرحمن محمجOther Authors: “...Mansur, Mu'tasim 'Abd al-Rahman Muhammad...”
Published 2007
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5347by بدوي، هبة الله عبد الرشيد محمدOther Authors: “...Badawi, Hibat Allah 'Abd al-Rashid Muhammad...”
Published 1996
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5348by بقعاوي، بدر بن علاء بن محمدOther Authors: “...Baq'awi, Badr ibn 'Uqla' Ibn Muhammad...”
Published 1990
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5349by زيدان, عبد القادر الفيتوري محمدOther Authors: “...Zaydan, 'Abd al-Qadir al-Fayturi Muhammad...”
Published 1995
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5350by خلف، محمد سعيد عبد النبيOther Authors: “...Khalaf, Muhammad Sa'id 'Abd al-Nabi...”
Published 1981
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5351by عبد العال، عبد العال محمدOther Authors: “...'Abd al-'Al, 'Abd al-'Al Muhammad...”
Published 1979
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5352by عبد الحليم، حسين محمد سعيدOther Authors: “...'Abd al-Halim, Husayn Muhammad Sa'id...”
Published 2004
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5353فقه الامام القاسم بن محمد بن أبي بكر الصديق = Fiqh of al-Qasim b. Muhammad b. Abe Bakr al-Siddiq / by عبد الصمد، أسموني محمد طاهرOther Authors: “...'Abd al-Samad, Asmuni Muhammad Tahir 'Abd...”
Published 1999
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5354by عبري، سليمان بن عبد الله بن محمدOther Authors: “...'Abri, Sulayman ibn 'Abd Allah ibn Muhammad...”
Published 2005
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5355by أبو فسيفس، عبد القادر إبراهيم محمدOther Authors: “...Abu Fusayfas, 'Abd al-Qadir Ibrahim Muhammad...”
Published 2007
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5356by عنبتاوي، نادر محمد غازي عبد الرحيمOther Authors: “...'Anabtawi, Nadir Muhammad Ghazi 'Abd al-Rahim...”
Published 2003
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5357by دراغمة، محمد عبد المنعم عطيهOther Authors: “...Daraghimah, Muhammad 'Abd al- Mun'im 'Atiyah...”
Published 2005
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5358by قمر، عبد القاهر محمد أحمد مختارOther Authors: “...Qamar, 'Abd al-Qahir Muhammad Ahmad Mukhtar...”
Published 1995
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5359by عبد الخالق، أحمد عائض محمدOther Authors: “...'Abd al-Khaliq, Ahmad 'A'id Muhammad...”
Published 1985
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5360by أبو نواس، عبد الحليم حسن محمدOther Authors: “...Abu Nuwas, 'Abd al-Halim Hasan Muhammad...”
Published 2004
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