In vitro antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic study of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F) Wall. ex Nees extracts and isolation of its constituents
Andrographis, botanically known as Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F) Wall. ex Nees is a outh East A ian native plant belonging to the family Acanthaceae. The plant is locally known as "Hempedu Bumi" in Malaysia, and it is recognised for its medicinal values and has been utilised for treati...
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| Format: | Thesis Book |
| Language: | English |
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| Summary: | Andrographis, botanically known as Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F) Wall. ex Nees is a outh East A ian native plant belonging to the family Acanthaceae. The plant is locally known as "Hempedu Bumi" in Malaysia, and it is recognised for its medicinal values and has been utilised for treating several diseases. The first part of the study involves investigating the effect of extracting solvents on percentage yield, phytochemical screening, total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC) and antioxidant activity of A. panicu/ata extracts. Ethanol: water extract (E:W) at a ratio of 1: 1 (v/v) showed the highest percentage yield compared to other extracts, while aqueous extract was a better solvent in extracting six group of chemicals (saponins, phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and terpenoids) and recorded the highest TPC of 184.48 mg of GAE/g, followed by E:W, methanol and ethyl acetate (178.79, 58.78 and 9.37 mg GAE/g) respectively. Ethyl acetate extract recorded the highest TFC of 0.44 mg of QE/g, while methanol, E: W and aqueous extracts had similar average values for TF (0.43 mg Q Ig). However, E: W indicated a better antioxidant activity with an ICso of 93.30 ug/rnl, while the other three extracts had activity below 50% inhibition rate. The second part of the study involves isolation and characterisation of compounds from A. paniculata. Proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance ('H and l3C NMR) of one of the isolated compound (AP03) indicated a semi-pure compound and its identity is suggested to be andrographolide. The next part of the study involved in vitro antibacterial study where methanol extract showed a better antibacterial activity against both S. epidermidis and E. coli compared to the other extracts. Additionally, in vitro anti-inflammatory activity indicated that ethyl acetate extract was a better nitric oxide (NO) inhibitor compared with other extracts while the isolated compounds (AP03 and AP04) demonstrated significant inhibition of NO, indicating a promising anti-inflammatory activity. Finally, uglucosidase enzyme inhibition study by A. paniculata extracts indicated the potential antidiabetic activity of ethyl acetate extract, which was the best. In conclusion, this study shows that although A. paniculata possesses multiple biological activities, the choice of solvent to be used is an important consideration to obtain maximum pharmacological effect. |
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| Physical Description: | xvii, 97 leaves: illustration (some color); 30 cm. |
| Bibliography: | Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-91) |