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Design and implementation of a multihoming-based scheme to support mobility management in NEMO
International Islamic University Malaysia
Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia
With the worldwide deployment of different wireless access technologies and increasing demands for global Internet connectivity, Network Mobility (NEMO) is becoming more demanding technology. As a result, NEMO Basic Support Protocol (NEMO BSP) has been proposed by the NEMO working group for the continual worldwide connectivity of each node within the mobile network. The existing NEMO-BSP is capable to register only single primary Care of Address (CoA) of Mobile Router (MR) during movement among different networks. Thus, it creates the problem of network connectivity when this link fails. This is because, no secondary options remain to keep the continuous Internet connectivity in NEMO. As a result, applying multihoming technique at any place, anywhere to provide uninterrupted Internet connection in NEMO is becoming a significant area for the current researchers. When mobile network is multihomed, it is possible to achieve some features namely increased availability, balanced traffic load with flow distribution through simultaneous connectivity to access router. Therefore, the IETF Mobility Extensions (MEXT) group introduces multihoming concept (i.e. MCoA registration with flow findings) as an extension of NEMO-BSP. This is to support simultaneous use of multiple interfaces or IP addresses on a single MR (i.e. Multihomed MR). As a result, it is possible to avoid single point of failure during handoff in NEMO. However, this scheme inherits the standard MIPv6 drawbacks such as creating bi-directional tunnel as well as exchanging the mobility-related Layer 3 (L3) signaling messages through the wireless link. This can be addressed via integrating the flow bindings with Proxy MIPv6 (PMIPv6). Nevertheless, adding this function of IP flow bindings during inter technology handoff on PMIPv6 in NEMO (i.e. P-NEMO) network is still a challenging issue since consideration has to be given on both MR and its Mobile Network Nodes (MNNs) in the P-NEMO environment. MRs are not capable to use multiple interfaces simultaneously during the movement among different access technologies in P-NEMO environment. This ultimately degrade the network performance (i.e. lower throughput and PDR) as well as increase handoff delay and packet loss. Moreover, the tunneling overhead increases as the number of MNN increases in P-NEMO environment. This results in increasing the total handoff cost in terms of signaling cost and packet delivery cost. Therefore, the main aim of this research is to propose a novel Multihoming-based scheme to support Mobility management in PNEMO (MM-PNEMO) environment. Besides, the performance is evaluated using both numerical and simulation approaches to validate the applicability and efficiency of the proposed scheme. The performance metrics used for evaluation are namely handoff delay, packet loss, packet delivery ratio, throughput and total handoff cost. The proposed scheme is benchmarked with the standard NEMO-BSP and P-NEMO scheme. The analytical result shows that the proposed scheme reduces average handoff cost by 64% lower compared to the NEMO-BSP and PNEMO. The simulation is done using Network Simulator version 3 (NS-3). The simulation result shows that the proposed scheme outperforms the standard NEMO BSP and P-NEMO in terms of packet loss (less than 1%) and handoff delay (average improvement by 76%).
Thesis (Ph.D)--International Islamic University Malaysia, 2016.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 153-161).