Optimization of antioxidant properties from chemically prepared fish skin protein hydrolysate produced from Barramundi (Lates calcarifer) /
While consumers continue to have doubt on the practical and safety aspect of synthetic antioxidants namely; BHA, BHT and PG, another natural source obtained from fish by-products have been discovered as one of the alternatives to replace this function. To date, peptides derived from marine sources h...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Kuala Lumpur :
Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia,
2013
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Click here to view 1st 24 pages of the thesis. Members can view fulltext at the specified PCs in the library. |
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| Summary: | While consumers continue to have doubt on the practical and safety aspect of synthetic antioxidants namely; BHA, BHT and PG, another natural source obtained from fish by-products have been discovered as one of the alternatives to replace this function. To date, peptides derived from marine sources have attracted attention from many parties concerned, especially of the potential health benefits they harbour. Considering the ease of obtaining Barramundi fish skin; a by-product of the blooming aquaculture industry in Malaysia, the research was embarked on to determine the antioxidant properties which might have of them. Yield and radical scavenging property of the Barramundi fish skin protein hydrolysate are the two utmost important responses to be considered and with this in mind, the study was carried out to look for an optimised process conditions therein. Fifteen different settings of a sequential analysis study was done under two varying temperatures; 4oC and 55oC, using three pre-determined different concentrations of mild chemicals which involved 0.115 M of CH3COOH, 0.2 M of NaOH and 0.1 M NaCl. The best sequence of first treatment with salt then followed by base (termed as 'in dual combination') at 4oC gave the highest yield of 24.81 ± 1.29% but was recorded to have the lowest radical scavenging activity of 32.5 ± 23.33% as the value fluctuated much. Nevertheless, this particular sequence of treatment was then subjected for further optimisation with response surface methodology (RSM) employing a face centred central composite design (FCCCD) to elucidate the effect of the independent variables. A range of again, different in concentration of NaCl and NaOH together with the time of treatment for salt was generated and developed by the software called Design Expert 8.0.7. Results of the experiment revealed that it was possible to obtain the optimum condition for both considered factors and it was validated to be at 0.20 M NaOH along with 0.10 M NaCl at a time of reaction of salt limited for only 24 hours. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated that the F-value for yield was 10.44 and 7.17 for radical scavenging activity, which implies that the model is significant with low probability value (p < 0.05); having the residuals distributed along the randomized straight line. Coefficient of determination (R2) was 82.82% for yield and radical scavenging activity recorded a value of 71.93%. The p-value of 0.9781 and 0.7942 respectively (in accordance as previously stated), for the lack of fit indicated that both the model had no lack of fit which could adequately represent the real relationship. The validated result for radical scavenging activity was not significantly different from the predictive value given, implying that the test was reliable. Upon comparison, it showed a value of around 44%; higher upon optimisation, as this means that the Barramundi fish skin protein hydrolysate is half as good as the commercial synthetic ones. |
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| Physical Description: | xvii, 132 leaves : ill. ; 30cm. |
| Bibliography: | Includes bibliographical references (leaves 110-126). |