Oil palm empty fruit bunch as potential coke replacement for high temperature iron ore reduction reaction /
Malaysia have abundant of low grade iron ore, which is not utilized as raw materials for iron making because of economical reason which is extra energy processing. Higher amount of C02 was released with the current reduction process with metallurgical coke as the energy sources in iron making. On th...
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| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Kuala Lumpur :
Kulliyyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia,
2018
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Click here to view 1st 24 pages of the thesis. Members can view fulltext at the specified PCs in the library. |
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| Summary: | Malaysia have abundant of low grade iron ore, which is not utilized as raw materials for iron making because of economical reason which is extra energy processing. Higher amount of C02 was released with the current reduction process with metallurgical coke as the energy sources in iron making. On the other hand, abundance of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) waste is available from the oil palm industry make reduction of low grade iron ore with EFB is a potentially good strategy for replacing coke in reduction process. Hence, these present works attempt to utilize the EFB as an energy source for reduction process of local iron ore to study it reducibility. However, the reduction process condition and mechanism reduction reaction and the reducibility of the composite pellet are not yet established. The kinetic reduction of the composite pellet as well as reducing C02 emission from the process is also evaluated. The sample was prepared by mixing the iron ore and EFB powders with the addition of small amount of water and formed pellet by manual rolling. The pellet formed with various compositions and the average diameter ranging between 10 to 15 mm and high porosity in range of 55 to 72 %. The composite pellet was dried before undergoing reduction test in vertical electric furnace from 1000 to 1200°C with heating rate of 10°C/min and was hold for 30 minutes for complete combustion. The reduced pellet was then subjected to chemical and elemental composition analysis, morphological observation, and also magnetic properties test to differentiate the magnetic properties of each phase obtained. The reducibility was achieved up to 95.56% with the temperature and EFB content increases up to highest parameter setting. Phase changes were discovered after the reduction test starting from hematite phase into the metallic iron phase, with small amount of magnetite and wustite. Additionally, the kinetic study shows that this process was controlled by chemical reaction with activation energy of 8.60 kJ/ mol. In addition, the use of EFB in this process lead to reduce C02 gas emission from coke. This process promotes green technology and friendly environment in iron making with the effective management of biomass waste as an energy sources. |
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| Physical Description: | xv, 114 leaves : illustrations ; 30cm. |
| Bibliography: | Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-113). |