Degradation of autocatalytic epoxidation of oleic acid derived from palm oil via in situ performic mechanism / Hamzah Hafizuddin Habri

Degradation of autocatalytic epoxidation of oleic acid derived from palm oil via in situ performic mechanism / Hamzah Hafizuddin Habri

Epoxidized vegetable oils have a demand in the market and are widely known in oleochemical industry to enhance the end-product and as intermediates in chemical reactions. This study interest shown to epoxidation of oleic acid because of high content of unsaturated fatty acids, and the process breaks...

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Main Author: Habri, Hamzah Hafizuddin
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: 2024
Subjects:
Biotechnology
Online Access:https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/106847/1/106847.pdf
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spelling my-uitm-ir.1068472024-12-04T07:36:25Z Degradation of autocatalytic epoxidation of oleic acid derived from palm oil via in situ performic mechanism / Hamzah Hafizuddin Habri 2024 Habri, Hamzah Hafizuddin Biotechnology Epoxidized vegetable oils have a demand in the market and are widely known in oleochemical industry to enhance the end-product and as intermediates in chemical reactions. This study interest shown to epoxidation of oleic acid because of high content of unsaturated fatty acids, and the process breaks the double bond then transforms into reactive oxirane ring without presence of catalyst. The autocatalytic epoxidation of oleic acid was carried out by using in situ generated performic acid to produce epoxidized oleic acid. Performic acid was formed by mixing formic acid (as oxygen carrier) and hydrogen peroxide (as oxygen donor). The epoxidation reactions were conducted by varying the type of oxygen carrier, concentration of hydrogen peroxide, stirring speed and formic acid to oleic acid molar ratio. The results showed that optimum condition included formic acid as the excellent oxygen carrier, 50% concentration of hydrogen peroxide, stirring speed at 400 rpm and molar ratio 2.5:1 formic acid to oleic acid. It was found that a maximum relative conversion to oxirane (RCO) achieved was 87 % at optimal condition. There was a good fit between experiment and simulation values of optimum condition with the slightest difference of ~0.20 based on kinetics study attained. The degradation of epoxidized oleic acid after oxirane ring opening invites hydroxylation reaction take place called alcoholysis and hydrolysis. The hydroxyl value from alcoholysis was 346.9 mg KOH/g while the hydroxyl value of hydrolysis was 296.4 mg KOH/g using autocatalyzed reaction. Moreover, the hydroxyl value can vary depending on molar ratio of alcohol and water towards epoxidized oleic acid. In conclusion, high and low hydroxyl value has their own benefits as intermediate product for polymer application such as flexible polyurethane and rigid polyurethane. 2024 Thesis https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/106847/ https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/106847/1/106847.pdf text en public masters Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Faculty of Chemical Engineering Jalil, Mohd Jumain
institution Universiti Teknologi MARA
collection UiTM Institutional Repository
language English
advisor Jalil, Mohd Jumain
topic Biotechnology
spellingShingle Biotechnology
Habri, Hamzah Hafizuddin
Degradation of autocatalytic epoxidation of oleic acid derived from palm oil via in situ performic mechanism / Hamzah Hafizuddin Habri
description Epoxidized vegetable oils have a demand in the market and are widely known in oleochemical industry to enhance the end-product and as intermediates in chemical reactions. This study interest shown to epoxidation of oleic acid because of high content of unsaturated fatty acids, and the process breaks the double bond then transforms into reactive oxirane ring without presence of catalyst. The autocatalytic epoxidation of oleic acid was carried out by using in situ generated performic acid to produce epoxidized oleic acid. Performic acid was formed by mixing formic acid (as oxygen carrier) and hydrogen peroxide (as oxygen donor). The epoxidation reactions were conducted by varying the type of oxygen carrier, concentration of hydrogen peroxide, stirring speed and formic acid to oleic acid molar ratio. The results showed that optimum condition included formic acid as the excellent oxygen carrier, 50% concentration of hydrogen peroxide, stirring speed at 400 rpm and molar ratio 2.5:1 formic acid to oleic acid. It was found that a maximum relative conversion to oxirane (RCO) achieved was 87 % at optimal condition. There was a good fit between experiment and simulation values of optimum condition with the slightest difference of ~0.20 based on kinetics study attained. The degradation of epoxidized oleic acid after oxirane ring opening invites hydroxylation reaction take place called alcoholysis and hydrolysis. The hydroxyl value from alcoholysis was 346.9 mg KOH/g while the hydroxyl value of hydrolysis was 296.4 mg KOH/g using autocatalyzed reaction. Moreover, the hydroxyl value can vary depending on molar ratio of alcohol and water towards epoxidized oleic acid. In conclusion, high and low hydroxyl value has their own benefits as intermediate product for polymer application such as flexible polyurethane and rigid polyurethane.
format Thesis
qualification_level Master's degree
author Habri, Hamzah Hafizuddin
author_facet Habri, Hamzah Hafizuddin
author_sort Habri, Hamzah Hafizuddin
title Degradation of autocatalytic epoxidation of oleic acid derived from palm oil via in situ performic mechanism / Hamzah Hafizuddin Habri
title_short Degradation of autocatalytic epoxidation of oleic acid derived from palm oil via in situ performic mechanism / Hamzah Hafizuddin Habri
title_full Degradation of autocatalytic epoxidation of oleic acid derived from palm oil via in situ performic mechanism / Hamzah Hafizuddin Habri
title_fullStr Degradation of autocatalytic epoxidation of oleic acid derived from palm oil via in situ performic mechanism / Hamzah Hafizuddin Habri
title_full_unstemmed Degradation of autocatalytic epoxidation of oleic acid derived from palm oil via in situ performic mechanism / Hamzah Hafizuddin Habri
title_sort degradation of autocatalytic epoxidation of oleic acid derived from palm oil via in situ performic mechanism / hamzah hafizuddin habri
granting_institution Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)
granting_department Faculty of Chemical Engineering
publishDate 2024
url https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/106847/1/106847.pdf
_version_ 1818588193019133952

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