Chemical modified sand soil using polyurethane (PU) for foundation improvement / Norbaya Haji Sidek

Roads are important assets to a country and need a maintenance programme to ensure that the longest life is achieved. Roads have to be cared for and without any maintenances they will lose their intrinsic value. Construction of road pavement generates instability to the naturally subsoil which encou...

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Main Author:	Sidek, Norbaya
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2018
Subjects:	Soil mechanics Including properties of soils, water in soil, strength properties, consolidation, etc.
Online Access:	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/21949/1/TP_NORBAYA%20HAJI%20SIDEK%20EC%2018_5.pdf
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id	my-uitm-ir.21949
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spelling	my-uitm-ir.219492018-11-01T07:53:22Z Chemical modified sand soil using polyurethane (PU) for foundation improvement / Norbaya Haji Sidek 2018 Sidek, Norbaya Soil mechanics. Including properties of soils, water in soil, strength properties, consolidation, etc. Soil stabilization. Including soil compaction Roads are important assets to a country and need a maintenance programme to ensure that the longest life is achieved. Roads have to be cared for and without any maintenances they will lose their intrinsic value. Construction of road pavement generates instability to the naturally subsoil which encounters numerous engineering problems such as settlement, depression, sinkhole and faulting of subsoil. Conventional method of soil remediation work in subsoil such as crack sealing, patching potholes, overlays and grouting technique provide short term solutions to address those symptoms, but not underlying problem. This study permits a novel technique to solve the subsoil foundation problem precisely in sand that exists in the current pavement designs using Polyurethane (PU) grout. PU is a chemical substance that normally used in polymer industries for instance resilience foam seating, rigid foam insulation panels and microcellular foam seals. The study includes four main parts: the first part aims to optimize the composition of PU by varying the mixture of polyol and isocynate under Unconfined Compression Test (UCT). Two hundred fifty two (252) PU samples with different ratio of PU are tested using UCT and the ideal composition of polyurethane foam with 1:1 ratio is obtained. In addition, an empirical model is derived through the compressive strength of PU foam using numerical analysis (ABAQUS). Based on numerical analysis, the average difference between experimental and numerical results ranging between 3 to 5 % which is satisfactorily. The second part addresses the physical and mechanical properties of treated sand with different percentages of PU. The compressive strength of treated sands are determined by conducting the UCT in accordance with BS 1377: 1990: Methods of Test for Soils for Civil Engineering Purposes: Part 7-Shear Strength Test. The stress-strain relationship of the treated sand is presented. The third phase is to conduct a field evaluation on plate bearing test and mackintosh probe to evaluate the bearing pressure in treated soil. It is found that the performance of the bearing pressure in treated soil has improved almost twice as compared to natural soil. In addition, a great reduction in void ratio and swelling index are found in the treated soil as compared to the natural soil. The last part focuses on a laboratory sample sand model to determine and evaluate the performance of polyurethane in treated sand. Conclusively, this study has presented the reliable results and predictions on behavior of treated sand with PU. This study able to address as alternative remediation method whereby its shorten the time of implementation and eliminate the excavation works. In conclusion, this study is proven beneficial for a better environment and can be used as benchmark of ground improvement technique. This study can contribute to the improvement of pavement rehabilitation and ground modification works in Malaysia. 2018 Thesis https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/21949/ https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/21949/1/TP_NORBAYA%20HAJI%20SIDEK%20EC%2018_5.pdf text en public phd doctoral Universiti Teknologi MARA Faculty of Civil Engineering
institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
collection	UiTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Soil mechanics Including properties of soils, water in soil, strength properties, consolidation, etc. Soil mechanics Including properties of soils, water in soil, strength properties, consolidation, etc.
spellingShingle	Soil mechanics Including properties of soils, water in soil, strength properties, consolidation, etc. Soil mechanics Including properties of soils, water in soil, strength properties, consolidation, etc. Sidek, Norbaya Chemical modified sand soil using polyurethane (PU) for foundation improvement / Norbaya Haji Sidek
description	Roads are important assets to a country and need a maintenance programme to ensure that the longest life is achieved. Roads have to be cared for and without any maintenances they will lose their intrinsic value. Construction of road pavement generates instability to the naturally subsoil which encounters numerous engineering problems such as settlement, depression, sinkhole and faulting of subsoil. Conventional method of soil remediation work in subsoil such as crack sealing, patching potholes, overlays and grouting technique provide short term solutions to address those symptoms, but not underlying problem. This study permits a novel technique to solve the subsoil foundation problem precisely in sand that exists in the current pavement designs using Polyurethane (PU) grout. PU is a chemical substance that normally used in polymer industries for instance resilience foam seating, rigid foam insulation panels and microcellular foam seals. The study includes four main parts: the first part aims to optimize the composition of PU by varying the mixture of polyol and isocynate under Unconfined Compression Test (UCT). Two hundred fifty two (252) PU samples with different ratio of PU are tested using UCT and the ideal composition of polyurethane foam with 1:1 ratio is obtained. In addition, an empirical model is derived through the compressive strength of PU foam using numerical analysis (ABAQUS). Based on numerical analysis, the average difference between experimental and numerical results ranging between 3 to 5 % which is satisfactorily. The second part addresses the physical and mechanical properties of treated sand with different percentages of PU. The compressive strength of treated sands are determined by conducting the UCT in accordance with BS 1377: 1990: Methods of Test for Soils for Civil Engineering Purposes: Part 7-Shear Strength Test. The stress-strain relationship of the treated sand is presented. The third phase is to conduct a field evaluation on plate bearing test and mackintosh probe to evaluate the bearing pressure in treated soil. It is found that the performance of the bearing pressure in treated soil has improved almost twice as compared to natural soil. In addition, a great reduction in void ratio and swelling index are found in the treated soil as compared to the natural soil. The last part focuses on a laboratory sample sand model to determine and evaluate the performance of polyurethane in treated sand. Conclusively, this study has presented the reliable results and predictions on behavior of treated sand with PU. This study able to address as alternative remediation method whereby its shorten the time of implementation and eliminate the excavation works. In conclusion, this study is proven beneficial for a better environment and can be used as benchmark of ground improvement technique. This study can contribute to the improvement of pavement rehabilitation and ground modification works in Malaysia.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Sidek, Norbaya
author_facet	Sidek, Norbaya
author_sort	Sidek, Norbaya
title	Chemical modified sand soil using polyurethane (PU) for foundation improvement / Norbaya Haji Sidek
title_short	Chemical modified sand soil using polyurethane (PU) for foundation improvement / Norbaya Haji Sidek
title_full	Chemical modified sand soil using polyurethane (PU) for foundation improvement / Norbaya Haji Sidek
title_fullStr	Chemical modified sand soil using polyurethane (PU) for foundation improvement / Norbaya Haji Sidek
title_full_unstemmed	Chemical modified sand soil using polyurethane (PU) for foundation improvement / Norbaya Haji Sidek
title_sort	chemical modified sand soil using polyurethane (pu) for foundation improvement / norbaya haji sidek
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
granting_department	Faculty of Civil Engineering
publishDate	2018
url	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/21949/1/TP_NORBAYA%20HAJI%20SIDEK%20EC%2018_5.pdf
_version_	1783733791420841984

Chemical modified sand soil using polyurethane (PU) for foundation improvement / Norbaya Haji Sidek

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