$Accommodation and vergence facility of drivers and non-drivers based on Refractive Error / Izzati Ahmad Zukri$

Accommodation and vergence facility of drivers and non-drivers based on Refractive Error / Izzati Ahmad Zukri

Background: Driving performance of an individual could be affected by many other factors of visual functions such as visual acuity, visual field, contrast sensitivity and visual attention. The clarity of an image was an important aspect during driving. Driving required the eyes to repeatedly change...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Ahmad Zukri, Izzati
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2016
Subjects:	Refraction and errors of refraction and accommodation
Online Access:	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/22369/1/TD_IZZATI%20AHMAD%20ZUKRI%20HS%20B%2016_5.pdf
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	my-uitm-ir.22369
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-uitm-ir.223692018-12-14T04:05:10Z Accommodation and vergence facility of drivers and non-drivers based on Refractive Error / Izzati Ahmad Zukri 2016 Ahmad Zukri, Izzati Refraction and errors of refraction and accommodation Optometry. Opticians. Eyeglasses Motor vehicles. Cycles Background: Driving performance of an individual could be affected by many other factors of visual functions such as visual acuity, visual field, contrast sensitivity and visual attention. The clarity of an image was an important aspect during driving. Driving required the eyes to repeatedly change focus between near (instrument panel) and distance viewing (roadway). This ability of alternately shifting focus of accommodation and vergence demand was represented as accommodation and vergence facility. A delay during changing focus might contribute to road accidents as the images were blurry. However, accommodation and vergence facility might also be caused by refractive errors. Aim: The objectives of this study were to identify the accommodation and vergence facility of drivers and non-drivers based on refractive errors and to compare the accommodation and vergence facility between drivers and non-drivers. Besides, this study also aimed to identify the habitual driving setting of drivers based on refractive error. Method: In this study, the flipper lens of ± 2.00D lens was used to measure accommodation facility and flipper prism of 12∆ base out and 3∆ base in was used to measure vergence facility. The habitual driving setting was measured from the distance of drivers to dashboard and rear mirror. Result: The results of Kruskal-Wallis test showed that no significant difference between emmetropic and myopic non-drivers on MAF, p= 0.796, BAF, p = 0.470, and VF, p= 0.379. There also no different between myopic and emmetropic drivers on MAF, p= 0.290, BAF, p= 0.302, and VF, p = 0.816. Emmetropia showed no significant difference between drivers and non-drivers on MAF, p= 0.524, BAF, p= 0.706, and VF, p = 0.839. Myopia also showed no significant difference between non-drivers and drivers on MAF, p= 0.182, BAF, p= 0.159, and VF, p = 0.230. Emmetropia and myopia showed no difference of distance of drivers from dashboard, U= 63.50, z= -1.059, p= 0.290 and rear mirror, U= 65.00, z= -0.983, p=0.326. Conclusion: Accommodation and vergence facility did not differ between drivers and non-drivers based on refractive error in this study. However, this was based on the data without any driving task involved. Further study should be looking at accommodation and vergence system during or after driving task. 2016 Thesis https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/22369/ https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/22369/1/TD_IZZATI%20AHMAD%20ZUKRI%20HS%20B%2016_5.pdf text en public degree Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Puncak Alam Campus Faculty of Health Science
institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
collection	UiTM Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Refraction and errors of refraction and accommodation Refraction and errors of refraction and accommodation Refraction and errors of refraction and accommodation
spellingShingle	Refraction and errors of refraction and accommodation Refraction and errors of refraction and accommodation Refraction and errors of refraction and accommodation Ahmad Zukri, Izzati Accommodation and vergence facility of drivers and non-drivers based on Refractive Error / Izzati Ahmad Zukri
description	Background: Driving performance of an individual could be affected by many other factors of visual functions such as visual acuity, visual field, contrast sensitivity and visual attention. The clarity of an image was an important aspect during driving. Driving required the eyes to repeatedly change focus between near (instrument panel) and distance viewing (roadway). This ability of alternately shifting focus of accommodation and vergence demand was represented as accommodation and vergence facility. A delay during changing focus might contribute to road accidents as the images were blurry. However, accommodation and vergence facility might also be caused by refractive errors. Aim: The objectives of this study were to identify the accommodation and vergence facility of drivers and non-drivers based on refractive errors and to compare the accommodation and vergence facility between drivers and non-drivers. Besides, this study also aimed to identify the habitual driving setting of drivers based on refractive error. Method: In this study, the flipper lens of ± 2.00D lens was used to measure accommodation facility and flipper prism of 12∆ base out and 3∆ base in was used to measure vergence facility. The habitual driving setting was measured from the distance of drivers to dashboard and rear mirror. Result: The results of Kruskal-Wallis test showed that no significant difference between emmetropic and myopic non-drivers on MAF, p= 0.796, BAF, p = 0.470, and VF, p= 0.379. There also no different between myopic and emmetropic drivers on MAF, p= 0.290, BAF, p= 0.302, and VF, p = 0.816. Emmetropia showed no significant difference between drivers and non-drivers on MAF, p= 0.524, BAF, p= 0.706, and VF, p = 0.839. Myopia also showed no significant difference between non-drivers and drivers on MAF, p= 0.182, BAF, p= 0.159, and VF, p = 0.230. Emmetropia and myopia showed no difference of distance of drivers from dashboard, U= 63.50, z= -1.059, p= 0.290 and rear mirror, U= 65.00, z= -0.983, p=0.326. Conclusion: Accommodation and vergence facility did not differ between drivers and non-drivers based on refractive error in this study. However, this was based on the data without any driving task involved. Further study should be looking at accommodation and vergence system during or after driving task.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Bachelor degree
author	Ahmad Zukri, Izzati
author_facet	Ahmad Zukri, Izzati
author_sort	Ahmad Zukri, Izzati
title	Accommodation and vergence facility of drivers and non-drivers based on Refractive Error / Izzati Ahmad Zukri
title_short	Accommodation and vergence facility of drivers and non-drivers based on Refractive Error / Izzati Ahmad Zukri
title_full	Accommodation and vergence facility of drivers and non-drivers based on Refractive Error / Izzati Ahmad Zukri
title_fullStr	Accommodation and vergence facility of drivers and non-drivers based on Refractive Error / Izzati Ahmad Zukri
title_full_unstemmed	Accommodation and vergence facility of drivers and non-drivers based on Refractive Error / Izzati Ahmad Zukri
title_sort	accommodation and vergence facility of drivers and non-drivers based on refractive error / izzati ahmad zukri
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Puncak Alam Campus
granting_department	Faculty of Health Science
publishDate	2016
url	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/22369/1/TD_IZZATI%20AHMAD%20ZUKRI%20HS%20B%2016_5.pdf
_version_	1783733808094248960

Accommodation and vergence facility of drivers and non-drivers based on Refractive Error / Izzati Ahmad Zukri

Similar Items