Cultivation of microalgae from low salinity water for production of biodiesel by direct transesterification method / Ahmad Rozaimee Mustaffa

Microalgae biodiesel are proven to be greater than fossil fuels in terms of life-cycle energy performance. Green microalgae namely, Tetraspora species represents one of the most favorable resources of biodiesel due to relatively high lipid content. The aims of this project are to determine the prope...

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Main Author:	Mustaffa, Ahmad Rozaimee
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2019
Subjects:	Biotechnology Biodiesel fuels
Online Access:	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/31388/2/31388.pdf
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spelling	my-uitm-ir.313882024-02-27T01:46:49Z Cultivation of microalgae from low salinity water for production of biodiesel by direct transesterification method / Ahmad Rozaimee Mustaffa 2019 Mustaffa, Ahmad Rozaimee Biotechnology Biodiesel fuels Microalgae biodiesel are proven to be greater than fossil fuels in terms of life-cycle energy performance. Green microalgae namely, Tetraspora species represents one of the most favorable resources of biodiesel due to relatively high lipid content. The aims of this project are to determine the properties of low salinity water as a growing medium for the growth of Tetraspora species and compare the normal average growth, exponential and logistic models in indoor close (batch) systems. The present study focused on the cultivation of Tetraspora sp. with the fed-batch in 500 ml flasks with an initial 1.0 ml cells cell pipetted in 500 ml culture in the culture medium consists of low salinity water as a growing medium. Growth under Controlled Condition, the algae strains have been successfully grown in an indoor laboratory of UiTM Dungun for 20 days in the low salinity water medium. The comparative studied was also shown that biomass growth models follow normal, exponential and logistics growth model of Tetraspora sp. Determination of the effect carbon dioxide concentration on nutrient deficient (nitrate and phosphate) that accomplishes wastewater treatment. The outcomes indicated that nitrate content under cultivation of Tetraspora sp. was reduced from 5.84±0.11 mg/L to 0.32 ± 0.05 mg/L in 14 days cultivation period. Meanwhile, the phosphate content was removed 100 % from 0.61 ± 0.01 mg/L for 13 days cultivation period. The effect of 15% CO2 aeration, the nitrate is reduced from 5.27 ± 0.06 to 1.80 ± 0.20 mg/L. Meanwhile, for the phosphate concentration is reduced from 0.57 ± 0.15 to 0.13 ± 0.06 mg/L in 14 days cultivation periods. In this research, the determination in percentage of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) by Direct- transesterification with homogeniser method with the effect of catalyst, reaction temperature, reaction time and ultrasonic-aided with homogenisation have been investigated. From the experimental results was proven that higher yield for the biodiesel from microalgae; Tetraspora sp. was achieved in direct transesterification without catalyst process due to the naturally existence of selfcatalyst such as iron (Fe) of 1153.34±10.40, potassium (K) of 508.98±32.59, calcium (Ca) of 330.43±4.03 and Caesium (Cs) of 153.07±25.70 ppm respectively. The optimum reaction parameters were determined at 60°C temperature and 5 minutes reaction time using high speed homogeniser at 10 000 rpm is significant that contribute to higher average FAME of 98.61 ±1.01 percent. Therefore, the direct transesterification of lipids in microalgae is an effective approach to reduce reaction time and costs of some operation steps such as catalyst recovery and purification of biodiesel can be eliminated through this method. Moreover, the experimental research results obtained in the present study proved that the biodiesel production of Tetraspora sp. is potentially feasible. 2019 Thesis https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/31388/ https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/31388/2/31388.pdf text en public phd doctoral Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam Faculty of Chemical Engineering Ku Hamid, Ku Halim
institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
collection	UiTM Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Ku Hamid, Ku Halim
topic	Biotechnology Biodiesel fuels
spellingShingle	Biotechnology Biodiesel fuels Mustaffa, Ahmad Rozaimee Cultivation of microalgae from low salinity water for production of biodiesel by direct transesterification method / Ahmad Rozaimee Mustaffa
description	Microalgae biodiesel are proven to be greater than fossil fuels in terms of life-cycle energy performance. Green microalgae namely, Tetraspora species represents one of the most favorable resources of biodiesel due to relatively high lipid content. The aims of this project are to determine the properties of low salinity water as a growing medium for the growth of Tetraspora species and compare the normal average growth, exponential and logistic models in indoor close (batch) systems. The present study focused on the cultivation of Tetraspora sp. with the fed-batch in 500 ml flasks with an initial 1.0 ml cells cell pipetted in 500 ml culture in the culture medium consists of low salinity water as a growing medium. Growth under Controlled Condition, the algae strains have been successfully grown in an indoor laboratory of UiTM Dungun for 20 days in the low salinity water medium. The comparative studied was also shown that biomass growth models follow normal, exponential and logistics growth model of Tetraspora sp. Determination of the effect carbon dioxide concentration on nutrient deficient (nitrate and phosphate) that accomplishes wastewater treatment. The outcomes indicated that nitrate content under cultivation of Tetraspora sp. was reduced from 5.84±0.11 mg/L to 0.32 ± 0.05 mg/L in 14 days cultivation period. Meanwhile, the phosphate content was removed 100 % from 0.61 ± 0.01 mg/L for 13 days cultivation period. The effect of 15% CO2 aeration, the nitrate is reduced from 5.27 ± 0.06 to 1.80 ± 0.20 mg/L. Meanwhile, for the phosphate concentration is reduced from 0.57 ± 0.15 to 0.13 ± 0.06 mg/L in 14 days cultivation periods. In this research, the determination in percentage of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) by Direct- transesterification with homogeniser method with the effect of catalyst, reaction temperature, reaction time and ultrasonic-aided with homogenisation have been investigated. From the experimental results was proven that higher yield for the biodiesel from microalgae; Tetraspora sp. was achieved in direct transesterification without catalyst process due to the naturally existence of selfcatalyst such as iron (Fe) of 1153.34±10.40, potassium (K) of 508.98±32.59, calcium (Ca) of 330.43±4.03 and Caesium (Cs) of 153.07±25.70 ppm respectively. The optimum reaction parameters were determined at 60°C temperature and 5 minutes reaction time using high speed homogeniser at 10 000 rpm is significant that contribute to higher average FAME of 98.61 ±1.01 percent. Therefore, the direct transesterification of lipids in microalgae is an effective approach to reduce reaction time and costs of some operation steps such as catalyst recovery and purification of biodiesel can be eliminated through this method. Moreover, the experimental research results obtained in the present study proved that the biodiesel production of Tetraspora sp. is potentially feasible.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Mustaffa, Ahmad Rozaimee
author_facet	Mustaffa, Ahmad Rozaimee
author_sort	Mustaffa, Ahmad Rozaimee
title	Cultivation of microalgae from low salinity water for production of biodiesel by direct transesterification method / Ahmad Rozaimee Mustaffa
title_short	Cultivation of microalgae from low salinity water for production of biodiesel by direct transesterification method / Ahmad Rozaimee Mustaffa
title_full	Cultivation of microalgae from low salinity water for production of biodiesel by direct transesterification method / Ahmad Rozaimee Mustaffa
title_fullStr	Cultivation of microalgae from low salinity water for production of biodiesel by direct transesterification method / Ahmad Rozaimee Mustaffa
title_full_unstemmed	Cultivation of microalgae from low salinity water for production of biodiesel by direct transesterification method / Ahmad Rozaimee Mustaffa
title_sort	cultivation of microalgae from low salinity water for production of biodiesel by direct transesterification method / ahmad rozaimee mustaffa
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam
granting_department	Faculty of Chemical Engineering
publishDate	2019
url	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/31388/2/31388.pdf
_version_	1794191816721956864

Cultivation of microalgae from low salinity water for production of biodiesel by direct transesterification method / Ahmad Rozaimee Mustaffa

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