The blooming of compounding ingredients onto natural rubber vulcanized surface / Ummu Qani'ah Yasin

Blooming is a diffusion process whereby compounding ingredients in rubber compound migrate to the rubber surface and give problems such as poor appearance and loss of adhesion. Blooming of compounding ingredients onto un-filled vulcanized rubber surface were studied using simple weight changes. In t...

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Main Author:	Yasin, Ummu Qani'ah
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2018
Subjects:	Polymers and polymer manufacture Rubber industry
Online Access:	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/37176/1/37176.pdf
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id	my-uitm-ir.37176
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-uitm-ir.371762022-09-26T03:17:48Z The blooming of compounding ingredients onto natural rubber vulcanized surface / Ummu Qani'ah Yasin 2018 Yasin, Ummu Qani'ah Polymers and polymer manufacture Rubber industry Blooming is a diffusion process whereby compounding ingredients in rubber compound migrate to the rubber surface and give problems such as poor appearance and loss of adhesion. Blooming of compounding ingredients onto un-filled vulcanized rubber surface were studied using simple weight changes. In this project, 2 types of natural rubber compounding formulations were used. The first type was the compounding ingredients, which were sulphur, paraffin wax and Zinc Diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDEC); being loaded with high loading content (lOpphr) was mixed into the natural rubber individually. The second type was all these compounding ingredients were mixed together with natural rubber. All the formulations were cured using dicumyl peroxide vulcanization with 6 different dicumyl peroxide loadings. The rubber compounds were cured at 150°C and stored under different temperatures to allow the blooming process. The amount of bloom was measured by scrapping the rubber surface in function of time while the blooming rate was measured by divided the equilibrium point (where the amount of bloom do not show any increment) with square root of time. The amount of bloom and blooming rate were found to be affected by the temperature and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) loading. Blooming rate of sulphur, paraffin wax and ZDEC were increased as the loading of DCP increase. Blooming rate of sulphur and ZDEC also increase as the temperature increase except paraffin wax. Based on the results of FTIR and EDX, paraffin wax was found as the dominant compounding ingredients in blooming process. Besides that, crosslink concentration also affects the blooming rate of sulphur, paraffin wax and ZDEC. As the crosslink concentration increase, the blooming rate increase. 2018 Thesis https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/37176/ https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/37176/1/37176.pdf text en public masters Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Faculty of Applied Sciences Kamarun, Dzaraini
institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
collection	UiTM Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Kamarun, Dzaraini
topic	Polymers and polymer manufacture Rubber industry
spellingShingle	Polymers and polymer manufacture Rubber industry Yasin, Ummu Qani'ah The blooming of compounding ingredients onto natural rubber vulcanized surface / Ummu Qani'ah Yasin
description	Blooming is a diffusion process whereby compounding ingredients in rubber compound migrate to the rubber surface and give problems such as poor appearance and loss of adhesion. Blooming of compounding ingredients onto un-filled vulcanized rubber surface were studied using simple weight changes. In this project, 2 types of natural rubber compounding formulations were used. The first type was the compounding ingredients, which were sulphur, paraffin wax and Zinc Diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDEC); being loaded with high loading content (lOpphr) was mixed into the natural rubber individually. The second type was all these compounding ingredients were mixed together with natural rubber. All the formulations were cured using dicumyl peroxide vulcanization with 6 different dicumyl peroxide loadings. The rubber compounds were cured at 150°C and stored under different temperatures to allow the blooming process. The amount of bloom was measured by scrapping the rubber surface in function of time while the blooming rate was measured by divided the equilibrium point (where the amount of bloom do not show any increment) with square root of time. The amount of bloom and blooming rate were found to be affected by the temperature and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) loading. Blooming rate of sulphur, paraffin wax and ZDEC were increased as the loading of DCP increase. Blooming rate of sulphur and ZDEC also increase as the temperature increase except paraffin wax. Based on the results of FTIR and EDX, paraffin wax was found as the dominant compounding ingredients in blooming process. Besides that, crosslink concentration also affects the blooming rate of sulphur, paraffin wax and ZDEC. As the crosslink concentration increase, the blooming rate increase.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Yasin, Ummu Qani'ah
author_facet	Yasin, Ummu Qani'ah
author_sort	Yasin, Ummu Qani'ah
title	The blooming of compounding ingredients onto natural rubber vulcanized surface / Ummu Qani'ah Yasin
title_short	The blooming of compounding ingredients onto natural rubber vulcanized surface / Ummu Qani'ah Yasin
title_full	The blooming of compounding ingredients onto natural rubber vulcanized surface / Ummu Qani'ah Yasin
title_fullStr	The blooming of compounding ingredients onto natural rubber vulcanized surface / Ummu Qani'ah Yasin
title_full_unstemmed	The blooming of compounding ingredients onto natural rubber vulcanized surface / Ummu Qani'ah Yasin
title_sort	blooming of compounding ingredients onto natural rubber vulcanized surface / ummu qani'ah yasin
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)
granting_department	Faculty of Applied Sciences
publishDate	2018
url	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/37176/1/37176.pdf
_version_	1783734394342604800

The blooming of compounding ingredients onto natural rubber vulcanized surface / Ummu Qani'ah Yasin

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