Adverse effects of nicotine on decidualization, pregnancy and parturition / Siti Norashikin Mohd Tambeh

Nicotine was shown to adversely affect female reproduction, however the mechanism of nicotine action remains unclear. One of the possibility is the altered reproductive endocrine profile. This study was designed to investigate the effects of nicotine on several female reproductive processes and the...

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Main Author:	Mohd Tambeh, Siti Norashikin
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2015
Subjects:	RC Internal Medicine RG Gynecology and obstetrics
Online Access:	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/39622/1/39622.pdf
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spelling	my-uitm-ir.396222020-12-24T07:29:40Z Adverse effects of nicotine on decidualization, pregnancy and parturition / Siti Norashikin Mohd Tambeh 2015-03 Mohd Tambeh, Siti Norashikin RC Internal Medicine RG Gynecology and obstetrics Nicotine was shown to adversely affect female reproduction, however the mechanism of nicotine action remains unclear. One of the possibility is the altered reproductive endocrine profile. This study was designed to investigate the effects of nicotine on several female reproductive processes and the corresponding endocrine profile. Different nicotine dose administration and treatment duration on estrous cycle, decidualization and pregnancy outcome were carried out. Nicotine tartrate 7.5 mg/kg/day administered sc for five days following unilateral ovariectomy was shown to prolong the estrous cycle duration (p<0.001) with no change seen in the number of ova flushed and no alteration in endocrine profile was demonstrated. Administration of 5.0 mg/kg/day nicotine tartrate failed to demonstrate attenuation in decidualization, however nicotine tartrate 7.5 mg/kg/day was found to increase the adrenal glands weight following treatment for nine days (p<0.01) in pseudopregnant rats. The degree of decidualization in animals receiving 7.5 mg/kg/day nicotine tartrate was significantly attenuated in all the treatment schedules and was more pronounced in animals receiving longer nicotine treatment (p<0.001). The level of plasma estrogen was significantly higher (p<0.05) and the plasma progesterone was significantly lower (p<0.001) in animals receiving longer nicotine treatment. Exogenous progesterone administration (2mg/day) failed to completely reverse the deleterious effect of nicotine on decidualization. In pregnant rats, administration of nicotine tartrate 7.5 mg/kg/day for nine days significantly increased the number of fetal loss by 2.86 times on day 16 of pregnancy compared with control. The weight of the feto-placental unit was also significantly reduced (p<0.001). The estrogen level was significantly higher (p<0.01) and progesterone was significantly lower (p<0.05) on day 16 of pregnancy when compared with control. During parturition, there was an increase in fetal loss when compared with the blastocyst implantation sites on day 10 of pregnancy. This was seen when nicotine was given for nine days (p<0.001) or from day 5 through day 9 of pregnancy (p<0.001). The birth weight of the pups was also significantly reduced in nicotine-treated groups however the weight was normalized after a few days. The persistent endocrine profile seen with an increase in estrogen and a decrease in progesterone may play a role in derangement of the reproductive process following nicotine administration. However, administration of exogenous progesterone failed to completely reverse this derangement point to other possibilities of reproductive dysfunction apart from sex hormones profile. In conclusion, nicotine-induced reproductive dysfunction is possibly mediated through multiple mechanisms. 2015-03 Thesis https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/39622/ https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/39622/1/39622.pdf text en public masters Universiti Teknologi MARA Faculty of Medicine Rajikin, Mohd IIamim (Prof. Dr. )
institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
collection	UiTM Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Rajikin, Mohd IIamim (Prof. Dr. )
topic	RC Internal Medicine RG Gynecology and obstetrics
spellingShingle	RC Internal Medicine RG Gynecology and obstetrics Mohd Tambeh, Siti Norashikin Adverse effects of nicotine on decidualization, pregnancy and parturition / Siti Norashikin Mohd Tambeh
description	Nicotine was shown to adversely affect female reproduction, however the mechanism of nicotine action remains unclear. One of the possibility is the altered reproductive endocrine profile. This study was designed to investigate the effects of nicotine on several female reproductive processes and the corresponding endocrine profile. Different nicotine dose administration and treatment duration on estrous cycle, decidualization and pregnancy outcome were carried out. Nicotine tartrate 7.5 mg/kg/day administered sc for five days following unilateral ovariectomy was shown to prolong the estrous cycle duration (p<0.001) with no change seen in the number of ova flushed and no alteration in endocrine profile was demonstrated. Administration of 5.0 mg/kg/day nicotine tartrate failed to demonstrate attenuation in decidualization, however nicotine tartrate 7.5 mg/kg/day was found to increase the adrenal glands weight following treatment for nine days (p<0.01) in pseudopregnant rats. The degree of decidualization in animals receiving 7.5 mg/kg/day nicotine tartrate was significantly attenuated in all the treatment schedules and was more pronounced in animals receiving longer nicotine treatment (p<0.001). The level of plasma estrogen was significantly higher (p<0.05) and the plasma progesterone was significantly lower (p<0.001) in animals receiving longer nicotine treatment. Exogenous progesterone administration (2mg/day) failed to completely reverse the deleterious effect of nicotine on decidualization. In pregnant rats, administration of nicotine tartrate 7.5 mg/kg/day for nine days significantly increased the number of fetal loss by 2.86 times on day 16 of pregnancy compared with control. The weight of the feto-placental unit was also significantly reduced (p<0.001). The estrogen level was significantly higher (p<0.01) and progesterone was significantly lower (p<0.05) on day 16 of pregnancy when compared with control. During parturition, there was an increase in fetal loss when compared with the blastocyst implantation sites on day 10 of pregnancy. This was seen when nicotine was given for nine days (p<0.001) or from day 5 through day 9 of pregnancy (p<0.001). The birth weight of the pups was also significantly reduced in nicotine-treated groups however the weight was normalized after a few days. The persistent endocrine profile seen with an increase in estrogen and a decrease in progesterone may play a role in derangement of the reproductive process following nicotine administration. However, administration of exogenous progesterone failed to completely reverse this derangement point to other possibilities of reproductive dysfunction apart from sex hormones profile. In conclusion, nicotine-induced reproductive dysfunction is possibly mediated through multiple mechanisms.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Mohd Tambeh, Siti Norashikin
author_facet	Mohd Tambeh, Siti Norashikin
author_sort	Mohd Tambeh, Siti Norashikin
title	Adverse effects of nicotine on decidualization, pregnancy and parturition / Siti Norashikin Mohd Tambeh
title_short	Adverse effects of nicotine on decidualization, pregnancy and parturition / Siti Norashikin Mohd Tambeh
title_full	Adverse effects of nicotine on decidualization, pregnancy and parturition / Siti Norashikin Mohd Tambeh
title_fullStr	Adverse effects of nicotine on decidualization, pregnancy and parturition / Siti Norashikin Mohd Tambeh
title_full_unstemmed	Adverse effects of nicotine on decidualization, pregnancy and parturition / Siti Norashikin Mohd Tambeh
title_sort	adverse effects of nicotine on decidualization, pregnancy and parturition / siti norashikin mohd tambeh
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
granting_department	Faculty of Medicine
publishDate	2015
url	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/39622/1/39622.pdf
_version_	1783734522892779520

Adverse effects of nicotine on decidualization, pregnancy and parturition / Siti Norashikin Mohd Tambeh

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