The effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / Nur'amira Hamid

Ethyl formate was tested both in laboratory and in polyvinyl chloride tent fumigation for disinfesting milled rice to control Sitophilus oryzae, Tribolium casteneum, Oryzaephilus surinemensis and Rhyzopertha dominica. The laboratory experiments were to verify the effective gas exposure time and the...

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Main Author: Hamid, Nur'amira
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: 2016
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Online Access:https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/40328/1/40328.pdf
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spelling my-uitm-ir.403282021-01-11T03:56:36Z The effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / Nur'amira Hamid 2016 Hamid, Nur'amira Pest control and treatment of diseases. Plant protection Ethyl formate was tested both in laboratory and in polyvinyl chloride tent fumigation for disinfesting milled rice to control Sitophilus oryzae, Tribolium casteneum, Oryzaephilus surinemensis and Rhyzopertha dominica. The laboratory experiments were to verify the effective gas exposure time and the lethal concentration to kill 99% of the population (Lc99). Milled rice fumigation in 1-tonne polyethylene bags with test insects was to assess procedure for field application for bagged rice during storage, the effective concentration, exposure time, and effect on eating quality of the cooked rice. The Lc99 and the calculated Ct product from laboratory studies conducted in desiccators for Tribolium casteneum was respectively 50.72 mgL-1, 239.00 mghL-1; Oryzaephilus surinemensis 26.22 mgL-1, 158.5 mghL-1; Sitophilus oryzae 50.22 mgL-1 \ 239 mghL-1; and Rhyzophertha dominica 26.83 mgL-1, 83.94 mghL-1. Based on least susceptible Tribolium casteneum, milled rice fumigation requires 291.9 gm-3 to achieve Lc99 and Ct product 162.5 ghm-1 after 24 hour; 227.6 gm-3 and 562.0ghm-3 for 48 hour. It is recommended 230-300 gm-3 concentration range and 48 hour exposure period be adopted to ensure effectiveness against all species and insect stages in milled rice fumigation. The eating quality of cooked rice in terms of the aroma, stickiness, taste, colour and overall acceptability was not affected from the multiple exposure (3 times) to the ethyl formate. Findings from this study indicated ethyl formate is a potential replacement for methyl bromide and phosphine but it is recommended that the compressed fumigant with carbon dioxide can be used for commercial application to improve evaporation and gas penetration within fumigated space of the liquid formulation used in this study. 2016 Thesis https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/40328/ https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/40328/1/40328.pdf text en public masters Universiti Teknologi MARA Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology Muda, Ab. Rahim (Dr.)
institution Universiti Teknologi MARA
collection UiTM Institutional Repository
language English
advisor Muda, Ab. Rahim (Dr.)
topic Pest control and treatment of diseases
Plant protection
spellingShingle Pest control and treatment of diseases
Plant protection
Hamid, Nur'amira
The effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / Nur'amira Hamid
description Ethyl formate was tested both in laboratory and in polyvinyl chloride tent fumigation for disinfesting milled rice to control Sitophilus oryzae, Tribolium casteneum, Oryzaephilus surinemensis and Rhyzopertha dominica. The laboratory experiments were to verify the effective gas exposure time and the lethal concentration to kill 99% of the population (Lc99). Milled rice fumigation in 1-tonne polyethylene bags with test insects was to assess procedure for field application for bagged rice during storage, the effective concentration, exposure time, and effect on eating quality of the cooked rice. The Lc99 and the calculated Ct product from laboratory studies conducted in desiccators for Tribolium casteneum was respectively 50.72 mgL-1, 239.00 mghL-1; Oryzaephilus surinemensis 26.22 mgL-1, 158.5 mghL-1; Sitophilus oryzae 50.22 mgL-1 \ 239 mghL-1; and Rhyzophertha dominica 26.83 mgL-1, 83.94 mghL-1. Based on least susceptible Tribolium casteneum, milled rice fumigation requires 291.9 gm-3 to achieve Lc99 and Ct product 162.5 ghm-1 after 24 hour; 227.6 gm-3 and 562.0ghm-3 for 48 hour. It is recommended 230-300 gm-3 concentration range and 48 hour exposure period be adopted to ensure effectiveness against all species and insect stages in milled rice fumigation. The eating quality of cooked rice in terms of the aroma, stickiness, taste, colour and overall acceptability was not affected from the multiple exposure (3 times) to the ethyl formate. Findings from this study indicated ethyl formate is a potential replacement for methyl bromide and phosphine but it is recommended that the compressed fumigant with carbon dioxide can be used for commercial application to improve evaporation and gas penetration within fumigated space of the liquid formulation used in this study.
format Thesis
qualification_level Master's degree
author Hamid, Nur'amira
author_facet Hamid, Nur'amira
author_sort Hamid, Nur'amira
title The effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / Nur'amira Hamid
title_short The effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / Nur'amira Hamid
title_full The effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / Nur'amira Hamid
title_fullStr The effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / Nur'amira Hamid
title_full_unstemmed The effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / Nur'amira Hamid
title_sort effectiveness of ethyl formate to control beetles of stored milled rice and relationship to eating qualities of rice / nur'amira hamid
granting_institution Universiti Teknologi MARA
granting_department Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology
publishDate 2016
url https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/40328/1/40328.pdf
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