Heavy metals and radionuclides linkages and risk assessment in seawater, sediment and fish of Kuala Langat coastal area / Sabarina Md Yunus

The Kuala Langat coastal areas are located within the vicinity of extensively developed areas which include agricultural and aquaculture, industries, as well as port and shipping activities. These anthropogenic activities may contribute major pollutants thus affecting the quality of the Kuala Langat...

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Main Author:	Md Yunus, Sabarina
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2021
Subjects:	Analytical chemistry Environmental pollution Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes
Online Access:	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/46477/1/46477.pdf
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spelling	my-uitm-ir.464772023-04-10T01:47:33Z Heavy metals and radionuclides linkages and risk assessment in seawater, sediment and fish of Kuala Langat coastal area / Sabarina Md Yunus 2021 Md Yunus, Sabarina Analytical chemistry Environmental pollution Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes The Kuala Langat coastal areas are located within the vicinity of extensively developed areas which include agricultural and aquaculture, industries, as well as port and shipping activities. These anthropogenic activities may contribute major pollutants thus affecting the quality of the Kuala Langat coastal area ecosystems. This study focused on assessing concentration, source relationship, pollution levels of certain heavy metals and radionuclides as well as distribution linkages and risks of these pollutants in seawater, sediments and fish samples of the Kuala Langat coastal areas. The concentration of four heavy metal pollutants: [iron (56Fe), copper (64Cu), nickel (59Ni), arsenic (75As), lead (207Pb) and zinc (65Zn)] as well as three radionuclides: [uranium (238U), thorium (232Th) and potassium (40K) were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (EDXRF). In general, the concentration of heavy metals and radionuclides depend on the types of samples. Arsenic concentration in Pulau Indah and Pulau Carey seawater samples ranged from 73.51 to 109.36 μg/L and 45.65 to 73.42 μg/L, respectively, which indicated both areas exceeded maximum concentration (20 μg/L) set by Malaysia Marine Water Quality Criteria Standard (MMWQCS) for arsenic. All heavy metals except arsenic were below the specified limit for fish tissue samples by Malaysian Food Act, 1983. Meanwhile, radionuclides concentrations in all types of samples were low and make only a small contribution to the total radiation dose to fish and, thus, to human consumers of seafood. Relationship of these pollutants in Kuala Langat coastal areas with their sources and with each other were obtained using principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). The results identified anthropogenic activities as the main source of heavy metals and radionuclides pollutants in the study area. The pollution levels of this study area were determined based on Enrichment Factor (EF), Contamination Factor (CF), Pollution Index (PI) and Geological Pollution Index (Igeo), which revealed that the sediments were affected from arsenic and lead which originated through anthropogenic activities and other pollutants were mainly controlled by natural sources. In order to access the distributions linkages of metals from seawater and sediments to fishes, the Transfer Factor (TF) between these media were calculated, and it was found that, majority of the pollutants transferred to fishes from seawater. The daily intake levels and cancer risk assessments due to fish consumption were found to be dependent on the types of fish. However, the health risk of cancer due to fish consumption is still below the Malaysian Food Act, 1983. Daily intake levels of fish consumption values can be used to evaluate future safe daily fish consumption levels from this study area. Internal and external radiation level exposures (<1) were lower than the annual dose limit according to UNCEAR, 2002. The results of this study could be useful to authorities to carry out continuous environmental assessment so pollution levels can be monitored. Data from this study will also enable the formation of the first of its kind database on the spatial variations of radionuclide distribution in Kuala Langat coastal areas. 2021 Thesis https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/46477/ https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/46477/1/46477.pdf text en public phd doctoral Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Faculty of Applied Science Abdul Rahman, Ahmad Taufek
institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
collection	UiTM Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Abdul Rahman, Ahmad Taufek
topic	Analytical chemistry Environmental pollution Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes
spellingShingle	Analytical chemistry Environmental pollution Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes Md Yunus, Sabarina Heavy metals and radionuclides linkages and risk assessment in seawater, sediment and fish of Kuala Langat coastal area / Sabarina Md Yunus
description	The Kuala Langat coastal areas are located within the vicinity of extensively developed areas which include agricultural and aquaculture, industries, as well as port and shipping activities. These anthropogenic activities may contribute major pollutants thus affecting the quality of the Kuala Langat coastal area ecosystems. This study focused on assessing concentration, source relationship, pollution levels of certain heavy metals and radionuclides as well as distribution linkages and risks of these pollutants in seawater, sediments and fish samples of the Kuala Langat coastal areas. The concentration of four heavy metal pollutants: [iron (56Fe), copper (64Cu), nickel (59Ni), arsenic (75As), lead (207Pb) and zinc (65Zn)] as well as three radionuclides: [uranium (238U), thorium (232Th) and potassium (40K) were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (EDXRF). In general, the concentration of heavy metals and radionuclides depend on the types of samples. Arsenic concentration in Pulau Indah and Pulau Carey seawater samples ranged from 73.51 to 109.36 μg/L and 45.65 to 73.42 μg/L, respectively, which indicated both areas exceeded maximum concentration (20 μg/L) set by Malaysia Marine Water Quality Criteria Standard (MMWQCS) for arsenic. All heavy metals except arsenic were below the specified limit for fish tissue samples by Malaysian Food Act, 1983. Meanwhile, radionuclides concentrations in all types of samples were low and make only a small contribution to the total radiation dose to fish and, thus, to human consumers of seafood. Relationship of these pollutants in Kuala Langat coastal areas with their sources and with each other were obtained using principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA). The results identified anthropogenic activities as the main source of heavy metals and radionuclides pollutants in the study area. The pollution levels of this study area were determined based on Enrichment Factor (EF), Contamination Factor (CF), Pollution Index (PI) and Geological Pollution Index (Igeo), which revealed that the sediments were affected from arsenic and lead which originated through anthropogenic activities and other pollutants were mainly controlled by natural sources. In order to access the distributions linkages of metals from seawater and sediments to fishes, the Transfer Factor (TF) between these media were calculated, and it was found that, majority of the pollutants transferred to fishes from seawater. The daily intake levels and cancer risk assessments due to fish consumption were found to be dependent on the types of fish. However, the health risk of cancer due to fish consumption is still below the Malaysian Food Act, 1983. Daily intake levels of fish consumption values can be used to evaluate future safe daily fish consumption levels from this study area. Internal and external radiation level exposures (<1) were lower than the annual dose limit according to UNCEAR, 2002. The results of this study could be useful to authorities to carry out continuous environmental assessment so pollution levels can be monitored. Data from this study will also enable the formation of the first of its kind database on the spatial variations of radionuclide distribution in Kuala Langat coastal areas.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Md Yunus, Sabarina
author_facet	Md Yunus, Sabarina
author_sort	Md Yunus, Sabarina
title	Heavy metals and radionuclides linkages and risk assessment in seawater, sediment and fish of Kuala Langat coastal area / Sabarina Md Yunus
title_short	Heavy metals and radionuclides linkages and risk assessment in seawater, sediment and fish of Kuala Langat coastal area / Sabarina Md Yunus
title_full	Heavy metals and radionuclides linkages and risk assessment in seawater, sediment and fish of Kuala Langat coastal area / Sabarina Md Yunus
title_fullStr	Heavy metals and radionuclides linkages and risk assessment in seawater, sediment and fish of Kuala Langat coastal area / Sabarina Md Yunus
title_full_unstemmed	Heavy metals and radionuclides linkages and risk assessment in seawater, sediment and fish of Kuala Langat coastal area / Sabarina Md Yunus
title_sort	heavy metals and radionuclides linkages and risk assessment in seawater, sediment and fish of kuala langat coastal area / sabarina md yunus
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)
granting_department	Faculty of Applied Science
publishDate	2021
url	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/46477/1/46477.pdf
_version_	1783734752838156288

Heavy metals and radionuclides linkages and risk assessment in seawater, sediment and fish of Kuala Langat coastal area / Sabarina Md Yunus

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