Binary fluidization of oil palm residues with silica sand in a gas solid fluidized bed system / Fauziah Marpani

Fluidization of palm kernel shell and palm pressed fibre were carried out in a binary particle system using silica sand as the second material. The main objective is to find fluidization hydrodynamics and behaviour as preliminary study for fluidized bed gasification of oil palm residues. Physical an...

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Main Author:	Marpani, Fauziah
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2008
Subjects:	Physical and theoretical chemistry Analytical chemistry
Online Access:	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/48211/3/48211.pdf
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spelling	my-uitm-ir.482112023-10-18T03:10:13Z Binary fluidization of oil palm residues with silica sand in a gas solid fluidized bed system / Fauziah Marpani 2008 Marpani, Fauziah Physical and theoretical chemistry Analytical chemistry Fluidization of palm kernel shell and palm pressed fibre were carried out in a binary particle system using silica sand as the second material. The main objective is to find fluidization hydrodynamics and behaviour as preliminary study for fluidized bed gasification of oil palm residues. Physical and chemical properties of the materials' that have been investigated include determination of particle's density, mean diameter, compressibility, classification and material's analysis of ultimate, proximate and gross calorific value respectively. Fluidization was accomplished in a 0.15 m diameter by 1.0 m height cylindrical column gas-solid fluidized bed system. Air was supplied by a 1.5hp blower and the superficial air velocity applied to the bed is in the range of 0 to 47.2 cm/s. Fluidization of pure oil palm residues show that biomass particles could not fluidized well. Therefore, silica sand was added to enhance fluidization. The mixtures were prepared by adding 70 weight %, 75 weight %, 80 weight %, 85 weight %, 90 weight % and 95 weight % of silica sand with palm kernel shell and/or palm pressed fibre respectively. Bed was kept constant at 3 kg for the whole experiments. Two distinct types of bed arrangement i.e. layer and random mixture methods were applied. In layer mixture method, silica sand was placed at the bottom of the fluidization column and oil palm residue was poured unto it. Meanwhile, oil palm residues were pre-mix with silica sand using Z-blade mixer for 10 minutes prior feeding in random mixture method. It was found that random mixture method is the preferred bed arrangement. Fluidization for mixture of palm kernel shell and silica sand is achieved up to 30 weight % of the total bed weight. Meanwhile, for mixture of palm pressed fibre, fluidization is limited to 20 weight % of the total bed weight. Quality of fluidization dropped with increasing percentage of oil palm residues in the mixture indicated by segregation, the formation of squarenosed slugs, channelling and vertical rat holes. Critical parameters such as minimum fluidization velocity, Umf and complete fluidization velocity, Ucf show increment pattern with increasing weight percentage of oil palm residues in the bed for both types of bed arrangement. The appropriate design value of the superficial gas velocity to be used in the operation of biomass gasifier is to take Ucf twice the Umf for mixture of palm kernel shell with silica sand and thrice the Umf for mixture of palm pressed fibre with silica sand. Relationship between variables such as Umf, Ucf, bed expansion ratio throughout the process, (Ht/Hs), bed expansion ratio at minimum fluidization, (Ht/Hs)mf, bed porosity and fluidization index, FI were obtained which are very much dependent on the types of materials tested, bed arrangement methods and bed compositions. Modification of correlation by Bilbao et al. (1987) has been proposed to predict Umf for binary mixture of palm kernel shell with silica sand which found to be UVF = UP mf - (UP mf -UF mf )(0.0022XF + 0.83). 2008 Thesis https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/48211/ https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/48211/3/48211.pdf text en public masters Universiti Teknologi MARA Faculty of Chemical Engineering Abdul Rahman, Norazah (Prof Dr)
institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
collection	UiTM Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Abdul Rahman, Norazah (Prof Dr)
topic	Physical and theoretical chemistry Analytical chemistry
spellingShingle	Physical and theoretical chemistry Analytical chemistry Marpani, Fauziah Binary fluidization of oil palm residues with silica sand in a gas solid fluidized bed system / Fauziah Marpani
description	Fluidization of palm kernel shell and palm pressed fibre were carried out in a binary particle system using silica sand as the second material. The main objective is to find fluidization hydrodynamics and behaviour as preliminary study for fluidized bed gasification of oil palm residues. Physical and chemical properties of the materials' that have been investigated include determination of particle's density, mean diameter, compressibility, classification and material's analysis of ultimate, proximate and gross calorific value respectively. Fluidization was accomplished in a 0.15 m diameter by 1.0 m height cylindrical column gas-solid fluidized bed system. Air was supplied by a 1.5hp blower and the superficial air velocity applied to the bed is in the range of 0 to 47.2 cm/s. Fluidization of pure oil palm residues show that biomass particles could not fluidized well. Therefore, silica sand was added to enhance fluidization. The mixtures were prepared by adding 70 weight %, 75 weight %, 80 weight %, 85 weight %, 90 weight % and 95 weight % of silica sand with palm kernel shell and/or palm pressed fibre respectively. Bed was kept constant at 3 kg for the whole experiments. Two distinct types of bed arrangement i.e. layer and random mixture methods were applied. In layer mixture method, silica sand was placed at the bottom of the fluidization column and oil palm residue was poured unto it. Meanwhile, oil palm residues were pre-mix with silica sand using Z-blade mixer for 10 minutes prior feeding in random mixture method. It was found that random mixture method is the preferred bed arrangement. Fluidization for mixture of palm kernel shell and silica sand is achieved up to 30 weight % of the total bed weight. Meanwhile, for mixture of palm pressed fibre, fluidization is limited to 20 weight % of the total bed weight. Quality of fluidization dropped with increasing percentage of oil palm residues in the mixture indicated by segregation, the formation of squarenosed slugs, channelling and vertical rat holes. Critical parameters such as minimum fluidization velocity, Umf and complete fluidization velocity, Ucf show increment pattern with increasing weight percentage of oil palm residues in the bed for both types of bed arrangement. The appropriate design value of the superficial gas velocity to be used in the operation of biomass gasifier is to take Ucf twice the Umf for mixture of palm kernel shell with silica sand and thrice the Umf for mixture of palm pressed fibre with silica sand. Relationship between variables such as Umf, Ucf, bed expansion ratio throughout the process, (Ht/Hs), bed expansion ratio at minimum fluidization, (Ht/Hs)mf, bed porosity and fluidization index, FI were obtained which are very much dependent on the types of materials tested, bed arrangement methods and bed compositions. Modification of correlation by Bilbao et al. (1987) has been proposed to predict Umf for binary mixture of palm kernel shell with silica sand which found to be UVF = UP mf - (UP mf -UF mf )(0.0022XF + 0.83).
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Marpani, Fauziah
author_facet	Marpani, Fauziah
author_sort	Marpani, Fauziah
title	Binary fluidization of oil palm residues with silica sand in a gas solid fluidized bed system / Fauziah Marpani
title_short	Binary fluidization of oil palm residues with silica sand in a gas solid fluidized bed system / Fauziah Marpani
title_full	Binary fluidization of oil palm residues with silica sand in a gas solid fluidized bed system / Fauziah Marpani
title_fullStr	Binary fluidization of oil palm residues with silica sand in a gas solid fluidized bed system / Fauziah Marpani
title_full_unstemmed	Binary fluidization of oil palm residues with silica sand in a gas solid fluidized bed system / Fauziah Marpani
title_sort	binary fluidization of oil palm residues with silica sand in a gas solid fluidized bed system / fauziah marpani
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
granting_department	Faculty of Chemical Engineering
publishDate	2008
url	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/48211/3/48211.pdf
_version_	1783734785357643776

Binary fluidization of oil palm residues with silica sand in a gas solid fluidized bed system / Fauziah Marpani

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