Potential of Curcuma longa and Cymbopogon citratus as botanical pesticides for controlling Apple Snails, Pomacea Canaliculata / Siti Hawa Puteh Mansur

Apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata is an invasive species that seriously affects rice cultivation in many Asian countries and a major pest that leads to the declining of rice productivity in Malaysia. The application of synthetic molluscicides on apple snails in paddy fields resulted in negative impa...

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Main Author:	Mansur, Siti Hawa Puteh
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2020
Subjects:	Pesticides
Online Access:	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/60044/1/60044.pdf
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id	my-uitm-ir.60044
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spelling	my-uitm-ir.600442022-05-20T13:21:10Z Potential of Curcuma longa and Cymbopogon citratus as botanical pesticides for controlling Apple Snails, Pomacea Canaliculata / Siti Hawa Puteh Mansur 2020-11 Mansur, Siti Hawa Puteh Pesticides Apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata is an invasive species that seriously affects rice cultivation in many Asian countries and a major pest that leads to the declining of rice productivity in Malaysia. The application of synthetic molluscicides on apple snails in paddy fields resulted in negative impacts on the environment and human health. Botanical pesticide is a potential alternative way to combat apple snails. Their biodegradable, specific target and safe characteristic have prompted many researchers based on botanical pesticides. The objectives of this research are to quantify terpenes content from Curcuma longa and Cymbopogon citratus plants extracts using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) and to compare the most effective Curcuma longa and Cymbopogon citratus plants extract in controlling apple snails. The leaves and rhizomes of Curcuma longa and Cymbopogon citratus were extracted using methanol and ethanol solvents respectively. The extracts were tested on apple snails for five concentrations ranging from 10,000 ppm until 50,000 ppm. The time recorded for mortality and antifeedant test of apple snail from 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours. The phytochemical screening and active compound in leaves and rhizomes Curcuma longa and Cymbopogon citratus was tested by using Salkowski test to show terpenes cpmpound and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) respectively. GCMS results showed that the main chemical compounds in the leaves and rhizome of Curcuma longa was α-phellandrene and turmerone respectively while for leaves and rhizomes of Cymbopogon citratus was α-citral and Selin-6-en-4α-ol respectively. The results from the mortality test conducted showed that the methanol extraction for rhizomes of Curcuma longa was effective in controlling apple snails, resulted in the highest mean percentage (84%) of apple snail’s mortality during the toxicity test. The methanol solvent is the best solvents compared to ethanol solvent proven by low LC50 value against apple snail. The LC50 values (20,960 ppm) of methanol solvents for rhizomes of Curcuma longa were suggested to be applied for apple snails’ control. The correlation coefficient between mortality of apple snails, antifeedant index and feeding deterrent for all treatments was due to the significant increase of time exposure. Based on the findings of this study, methanol extractions for rhizome of Curcuma longa was recommended for apple snails’ control and is potential to be formulated as botanical pesticides. Therefore, further analysis should be carried out to formulate the botanical pesticides based on rhizomes of Curcuma longa and be tested for field testing. 2020-11 Thesis https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/60044/ https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/60044/1/60044.pdf text en public masters Universiti Teknologi MARA Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology Md Latip, Siti Noor Hajjar (Dr.)
institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
collection	UiTM Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Md Latip, Siti Noor Hajjar (Dr.)
topic	Pesticides
spellingShingle	Pesticides Mansur, Siti Hawa Puteh Potential of Curcuma longa and Cymbopogon citratus as botanical pesticides for controlling Apple Snails, Pomacea Canaliculata / Siti Hawa Puteh Mansur
description	Apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata is an invasive species that seriously affects rice cultivation in many Asian countries and a major pest that leads to the declining of rice productivity in Malaysia. The application of synthetic molluscicides on apple snails in paddy fields resulted in negative impacts on the environment and human health. Botanical pesticide is a potential alternative way to combat apple snails. Their biodegradable, specific target and safe characteristic have prompted many researchers based on botanical pesticides. The objectives of this research are to quantify terpenes content from Curcuma longa and Cymbopogon citratus plants extracts using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) and to compare the most effective Curcuma longa and Cymbopogon citratus plants extract in controlling apple snails. The leaves and rhizomes of Curcuma longa and Cymbopogon citratus were extracted using methanol and ethanol solvents respectively. The extracts were tested on apple snails for five concentrations ranging from 10,000 ppm until 50,000 ppm. The time recorded for mortality and antifeedant test of apple snail from 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours. The phytochemical screening and active compound in leaves and rhizomes Curcuma longa and Cymbopogon citratus was tested by using Salkowski test to show terpenes cpmpound and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) respectively. GCMS results showed that the main chemical compounds in the leaves and rhizome of Curcuma longa was α-phellandrene and turmerone respectively while for leaves and rhizomes of Cymbopogon citratus was α-citral and Selin-6-en-4α-ol respectively. The results from the mortality test conducted showed that the methanol extraction for rhizomes of Curcuma longa was effective in controlling apple snails, resulted in the highest mean percentage (84%) of apple snail’s mortality during the toxicity test. The methanol solvent is the best solvents compared to ethanol solvent proven by low LC50 value against apple snail. The LC50 values (20,960 ppm) of methanol solvents for rhizomes of Curcuma longa were suggested to be applied for apple snails’ control. The correlation coefficient between mortality of apple snails, antifeedant index and feeding deterrent for all treatments was due to the significant increase of time exposure. Based on the findings of this study, methanol extractions for rhizome of Curcuma longa was recommended for apple snails’ control and is potential to be formulated as botanical pesticides. Therefore, further analysis should be carried out to formulate the botanical pesticides based on rhizomes of Curcuma longa and be tested for field testing.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Mansur, Siti Hawa Puteh
author_facet	Mansur, Siti Hawa Puteh
author_sort	Mansur, Siti Hawa Puteh
title	Potential of Curcuma longa and Cymbopogon citratus as botanical pesticides for controlling Apple Snails, Pomacea Canaliculata / Siti Hawa Puteh Mansur
title_short	Potential of Curcuma longa and Cymbopogon citratus as botanical pesticides for controlling Apple Snails, Pomacea Canaliculata / Siti Hawa Puteh Mansur
title_full	Potential of Curcuma longa and Cymbopogon citratus as botanical pesticides for controlling Apple Snails, Pomacea Canaliculata / Siti Hawa Puteh Mansur
title_fullStr	Potential of Curcuma longa and Cymbopogon citratus as botanical pesticides for controlling Apple Snails, Pomacea Canaliculata / Siti Hawa Puteh Mansur
title_full_unstemmed	Potential of Curcuma longa and Cymbopogon citratus as botanical pesticides for controlling Apple Snails, Pomacea Canaliculata / Siti Hawa Puteh Mansur
title_sort	potential of curcuma longa and cymbopogon citratus as botanical pesticides for controlling apple snails, pomacea canaliculata / siti hawa puteh mansur
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
granting_department	Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology
publishDate	2020
url	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/60044/1/60044.pdf
_version_	1783735074510864384

Potential of Curcuma longa and Cymbopogon citratus as botanical pesticides for controlling Apple Snails, Pomacea Canaliculata / Siti Hawa Puteh Mansur

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