In vitro mutation breeding on Musa acuminata cv. Berangan using gamma radiation / Aisyah Athirah Hasim

The traditional breeding mode is poor solely due to the lack of species variability, infertility and polyploidy state of the banana cultivar. The application of in vitro cultivation is aimed at providing continuous banana supply in a highly efficient and systematic manner. In fact, mutation is also...

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Main Author:	Hasim, Aisyah Athirah
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2022
Subjects:	Musaceae (Banana) Plant biotechnology
Online Access:	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/66918/1/66918.pdf
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id	my-uitm-ir.66918
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-uitm-ir.669182022-09-19T04:23:46Z In vitro mutation breeding on Musa acuminata cv. Berangan using gamma radiation / Aisyah Athirah Hasim 2022 Hasim, Aisyah Athirah Musaceae (Banana) Plant biotechnology The traditional breeding mode is poor solely due to the lack of species variability, infertility and polyploidy state of the banana cultivar. The application of in vitro cultivation is aimed at providing continuous banana supply in a highly efficient and systematic manner. In fact, mutation is also considered as an effective strategy to improve the performance of the in vitro culture since it is a potent alternative to invent novel varieties for banana improvement. Hence, induced mutagenesis via gamma ray in combination with in vitro tissue culture through micro cross section culture procedure was conducted to evaluate the effects of gamma radiation on the growth and development of the in vitro plantlet as well as to identify the genetic variations of the irradiated plant. The stem of the tissue cultured banana plantlet was used as the source of explant in this study. The plantlet was cut into half (2 cm) and exposed to gamma ray with different dosages at 0 Gy (control), 20 Gy, 25 Gy, 30 Gy, 35 Gy, 40 Gy, 45 Gy, 50 Gy, 55 Gy, 60 Gy and 80 Gy. The radiosensitivity test was conducted to determine Lethal Dose (LD50) and the result obtained was at 37 Gy. Highest percentage of survival rate was recorded in 20 Gy (23.33%) while the lowest was in 80 Gy (0.33%). The morphological study on the growth of in vitro radiated plantlets revealed that 25 Gy induced stimulant effects in terms of fresh weight (13.63± 4.77), number of shoot emerged (5.56 ± 0.98) and plant height (6.34± 0.24) over non-radiated banana explants on in vitro culture condition. Interestingly, the mutants of 25 Gy showed the best growth performance in all morphological traits when transferred to ambient condition. Next, molecular analysis was performed using PCR based RAPD marker to assess the genetic variation of the radiated plantlets. Based on the observation, RAPD molecular analysis generated 81.16% of genetic polymorphism, a high reposition incidence in the DNA sequence of irradiated banana. Several primers namely OPA7, OPA11, OPA14, OPC01 and OPD16 displayed unique banding profile ranged from 200 bp to 1500 bp. Thus, this study contributed to the development of gamma irradiated banana using in vitro culture system for future breeding of new varieties of banana and the DNA polymorphism revealed by RAPD study can be interpreted to offer a reliable molecular marker for the identification of modifications in gamma treated plants. 2022 Thesis https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/66918/ https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/66918/1/66918.pdf text en public masters Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology Hussein, Sobri
institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
collection	UiTM Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Hussein, Sobri
topic	Musaceae (Banana) Plant biotechnology
spellingShingle	Musaceae (Banana) Plant biotechnology Hasim, Aisyah Athirah In vitro mutation breeding on Musa acuminata cv. Berangan using gamma radiation / Aisyah Athirah Hasim
description	The traditional breeding mode is poor solely due to the lack of species variability, infertility and polyploidy state of the banana cultivar. The application of in vitro cultivation is aimed at providing continuous banana supply in a highly efficient and systematic manner. In fact, mutation is also considered as an effective strategy to improve the performance of the in vitro culture since it is a potent alternative to invent novel varieties for banana improvement. Hence, induced mutagenesis via gamma ray in combination with in vitro tissue culture through micro cross section culture procedure was conducted to evaluate the effects of gamma radiation on the growth and development of the in vitro plantlet as well as to identify the genetic variations of the irradiated plant. The stem of the tissue cultured banana plantlet was used as the source of explant in this study. The plantlet was cut into half (2 cm) and exposed to gamma ray with different dosages at 0 Gy (control), 20 Gy, 25 Gy, 30 Gy, 35 Gy, 40 Gy, 45 Gy, 50 Gy, 55 Gy, 60 Gy and 80 Gy. The radiosensitivity test was conducted to determine Lethal Dose (LD50) and the result obtained was at 37 Gy. Highest percentage of survival rate was recorded in 20 Gy (23.33%) while the lowest was in 80 Gy (0.33%). The morphological study on the growth of in vitro radiated plantlets revealed that 25 Gy induced stimulant effects in terms of fresh weight (13.63± 4.77), number of shoot emerged (5.56 ± 0.98) and plant height (6.34± 0.24) over non-radiated banana explants on in vitro culture condition. Interestingly, the mutants of 25 Gy showed the best growth performance in all morphological traits when transferred to ambient condition. Next, molecular analysis was performed using PCR based RAPD marker to assess the genetic variation of the radiated plantlets. Based on the observation, RAPD molecular analysis generated 81.16% of genetic polymorphism, a high reposition incidence in the DNA sequence of irradiated banana. Several primers namely OPA7, OPA11, OPA14, OPC01 and OPD16 displayed unique banding profile ranged from 200 bp to 1500 bp. Thus, this study contributed to the development of gamma irradiated banana using in vitro culture system for future breeding of new varieties of banana and the DNA polymorphism revealed by RAPD study can be interpreted to offer a reliable molecular marker for the identification of modifications in gamma treated plants.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Hasim, Aisyah Athirah
author_facet	Hasim, Aisyah Athirah
author_sort	Hasim, Aisyah Athirah
title	In vitro mutation breeding on Musa acuminata cv. Berangan using gamma radiation / Aisyah Athirah Hasim
title_short	In vitro mutation breeding on Musa acuminata cv. Berangan using gamma radiation / Aisyah Athirah Hasim
title_full	In vitro mutation breeding on Musa acuminata cv. Berangan using gamma radiation / Aisyah Athirah Hasim
title_fullStr	In vitro mutation breeding on Musa acuminata cv. Berangan using gamma radiation / Aisyah Athirah Hasim
title_full_unstemmed	In vitro mutation breeding on Musa acuminata cv. Berangan using gamma radiation / Aisyah Athirah Hasim
title_sort	in vitro mutation breeding on musa acuminata cv. berangan using gamma radiation / aisyah athirah hasim
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)
granting_department	Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology
publishDate	2022
url	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/66918/1/66918.pdf
_version_	1783735646035116032

In vitro mutation breeding on Musa acuminata cv. Berangan using gamma radiation / Aisyah Athirah Hasim

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