The potential use of Tacca leontopetaloides biopolymer flocculant (TBPF) in removal of pollutants leachate and synthetic heavy metal via flocculation process / Nurul Shuhada Mohd Makhtar

Today's chemical polymer flocculants are known to be poisonous and have a detrimental effect on living organisms. A potential use of a new natural-based flocculant from the Tacca leontopetaloides plant for pollution leachate treatment and synthetic heavy metal removal via the flocculation proce...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Mohd Makhtar, Nurul Shuhada
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2022
Subjects:	Polymers Macromolecules
Online Access:	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/66988/1/66988.pdf
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	my-uitm-ir.66988
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
collection	UiTM Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Idris, Juferi
topic	Polymers Macromolecules Polymers Macromolecules
spellingShingle	Polymers Macromolecules Polymers Macromolecules Mohd Makhtar, Nurul Shuhada The potential use of Tacca leontopetaloides biopolymer flocculant (TBPF) in removal of pollutants leachate and synthetic heavy metal via flocculation process / Nurul Shuhada Mohd Makhtar
description	Today's chemical polymer flocculants are known to be poisonous and have a detrimental effect on living organisms. A potential use of a new natural-based flocculant from the Tacca leontopetaloides plant for pollution leachate treatment and synthetic heavy metal removal via the flocculation process has been proposed in this work. The plant tuber was isolated without structure’s integrated to produce Tacca leontopetaloides biopolymer flocculant (TBPF). The characterization of TBPF for flocculant properties were investigated, and the performance of TBPF on turbidity, TSS, COD, color, heavy metal in leachate and synthetic heavy metal removal using a standard jar test procedure through flocculation process were examined using OFAT and CCD analyses. Two factors namely pH leachate and TBPF dosages for pollutants and heavy metal leachate removal was examined. The peri-kinetic behaviour of the flocculation process during TSS removal at optimum condition was also studied through Smoluchowski theory. Four factors, including pH synthetic solution, initial Pb2+ concentration, initial TBPF concentration, and TBPF dosage were investigated for synthetic heavy metal removal. The characteristics of TBPF in terms of amylose/amylopectin fraction, viscosity, and zeta potential were 26:74, 0.037–0.04 Pa·s, and –13.14 mV, respectively was obtained. The presence of –COOH and –OH structure in TBPF indicates the flocculant properties. High removal of turbidity, TSS, COD and color achieved at 77%, 91%, 20% and 93%, respectively, at pH 3 leachate and 240 mg/L of TBPF dosage was obtained through OFAT analysis. However, the removal of heavy metals from leachate revealed contradictory and inconsistent results due to the unstable heavy metal ions and variation of complex ions compounds in leachate.The highest removal percentages of turbidity, TSS, COD, and color were 14%, 33%, 44%, and 69%, respectively, at pH 3 of leachate wastewater with 150 mg/L TBPF dosage found through CCD in RSM. A quadratic polynomial regression model elucidated the relationship between leachate pH and TBPF dosage and turbidity, TSS, COD, and color removal with high correlation coefficient, R2 > 0.95. At this maximum removal, a second-order kinetic model (α = 2) with regression value, R2 = 0.9545 and a flocculation rate constant, k = 9×10−6 L/mg min were obtained. The mechanism flocculation process was charge neutralization and interparticle bridging was confirmed by the increasing zeta and size distribution at the optimum condition. In a mixed synthetic heavy metal solution, TBPF requires a pH 10 synthetic solution and 10% initial TBPF concentration at 120 mg/L of TBPF dosage to remove 80% of Pb2+, whereas in a single Pb2+ solution, pH 6 synthetic solution and 3% initial TBPF concentration at 192 mg/L of TBPF dosage are required to remove 83% of Pb2+. Meanwhile, the maximum Pb2+ removal obtained using CCD was 73%, at optimum condition pH 6.4 synthetic solution and 11.8 mg/L initial Pb2+ concentration using constant TBPF concentration and TBPF dosage. A quadratic polynomial model of R2 = 0.9994, Pred. R2 = 0.9896, and Adj. R2 = 0.9454 was developed. Both designs approaches can be applied at the suggested design range for industrial approach by considering the factor interaction. High Pb removal using environmental friendly plant-based TBPF has a great potential for industrial heavy metal treatment, particularly at the primary stage. In addition, the designated model for pollutants leachate removal and kinetic parameters obtained can be applied as a guideline for leachate wastewater treatment.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Mohd Makhtar, Nurul Shuhada
author_facet	Mohd Makhtar, Nurul Shuhada
author_sort	Mohd Makhtar, Nurul Shuhada
title	The potential use of Tacca leontopetaloides biopolymer flocculant (TBPF) in removal of pollutants leachate and synthetic heavy metal via flocculation process / Nurul Shuhada Mohd Makhtar
title_short	The potential use of Tacca leontopetaloides biopolymer flocculant (TBPF) in removal of pollutants leachate and synthetic heavy metal via flocculation process / Nurul Shuhada Mohd Makhtar
title_full	The potential use of Tacca leontopetaloides biopolymer flocculant (TBPF) in removal of pollutants leachate and synthetic heavy metal via flocculation process / Nurul Shuhada Mohd Makhtar
title_fullStr	The potential use of Tacca leontopetaloides biopolymer flocculant (TBPF) in removal of pollutants leachate and synthetic heavy metal via flocculation process / Nurul Shuhada Mohd Makhtar
title_full_unstemmed	The potential use of Tacca leontopetaloides biopolymer flocculant (TBPF) in removal of pollutants leachate and synthetic heavy metal via flocculation process / Nurul Shuhada Mohd Makhtar
title_sort	potential use of tacca leontopetaloides biopolymer flocculant (tbpf) in removal of pollutants leachate and synthetic heavy metal via flocculation process / nurul shuhada mohd makhtar
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)
granting_department	College of Engineering
publishDate	2022
url	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/66988/1/66988.pdf
_version_	1783735652478615552
spelling	my-uitm-ir.669882022-09-20T04:23:39Z The potential use of Tacca leontopetaloides biopolymer flocculant (TBPF) in removal of pollutants leachate and synthetic heavy metal via flocculation process / Nurul Shuhada Mohd Makhtar 2022 Mohd Makhtar, Nurul Shuhada Polymers. Macromolecules Flocculation, precipitation, adsorption, etc. Coagulation Today's chemical polymer flocculants are known to be poisonous and have a detrimental effect on living organisms. A potential use of a new natural-based flocculant from the Tacca leontopetaloides plant for pollution leachate treatment and synthetic heavy metal removal via the flocculation process has been proposed in this work. The plant tuber was isolated without structure’s integrated to produce Tacca leontopetaloides biopolymer flocculant (TBPF). The characterization of TBPF for flocculant properties were investigated, and the performance of TBPF on turbidity, TSS, COD, color, heavy metal in leachate and synthetic heavy metal removal using a standard jar test procedure through flocculation process were examined using OFAT and CCD analyses. Two factors namely pH leachate and TBPF dosages for pollutants and heavy metal leachate removal was examined. The peri-kinetic behaviour of the flocculation process during TSS removal at optimum condition was also studied through Smoluchowski theory. Four factors, including pH synthetic solution, initial Pb2+ concentration, initial TBPF concentration, and TBPF dosage were investigated for synthetic heavy metal removal. The characteristics of TBPF in terms of amylose/amylopectin fraction, viscosity, and zeta potential were 26:74, 0.037–0.04 Pa·s, and –13.14 mV, respectively was obtained. The presence of –COOH and –OH structure in TBPF indicates the flocculant properties. High removal of turbidity, TSS, COD and color achieved at 77%, 91%, 20% and 93%, respectively, at pH 3 leachate and 240 mg/L of TBPF dosage was obtained through OFAT analysis. However, the removal of heavy metals from leachate revealed contradictory and inconsistent results due to the unstable heavy metal ions and variation of complex ions compounds in leachate.The highest removal percentages of turbidity, TSS, COD, and color were 14%, 33%, 44%, and 69%, respectively, at pH 3 of leachate wastewater with 150 mg/L TBPF dosage found through CCD in RSM. A quadratic polynomial regression model elucidated the relationship between leachate pH and TBPF dosage and turbidity, TSS, COD, and color removal with high correlation coefficient, R2 > 0.95. At this maximum removal, a second-order kinetic model (α = 2) with regression value, R2 = 0.9545 and a flocculation rate constant, k = 9×10−6 L/mg min were obtained. The mechanism flocculation process was charge neutralization and interparticle bridging was confirmed by the increasing zeta and size distribution at the optimum condition. In a mixed synthetic heavy metal solution, TBPF requires a pH 10 synthetic solution and 10% initial TBPF concentration at 120 mg/L of TBPF dosage to remove 80% of Pb2+, whereas in a single Pb2+ solution, pH 6 synthetic solution and 3% initial TBPF concentration at 192 mg/L of TBPF dosage are required to remove 83% of Pb2+. Meanwhile, the maximum Pb2+ removal obtained using CCD was 73%, at optimum condition pH 6.4 synthetic solution and 11.8 mg/L initial Pb2+ concentration using constant TBPF concentration and TBPF dosage. A quadratic polynomial model of R2 = 0.9994, Pred. R2 = 0.9896, and Adj. R2 = 0.9454 was developed. Both designs approaches can be applied at the suggested design range for industrial approach by considering the factor interaction. High Pb removal using environmental friendly plant-based TBPF has a great potential for industrial heavy metal treatment, particularly at the primary stage. In addition, the designated model for pollutants leachate removal and kinetic parameters obtained can be applied as a guideline for leachate wastewater treatment. 2022 Thesis https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/66988/ https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/66988/1/66988.pdf text en public phd doctoral Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) College of Engineering Idris, Juferi

The potential use of Tacca leontopetaloides biopolymer flocculant (TBPF) in removal of pollutants leachate and synthetic heavy metal via flocculation process / Nurul Shuhada Mohd Makhtar

Similar Items