Solvent-free synthesis of chalcone by aldol condensation catalyzed by solid sodium hydroxyde (NaOH) / Muhamad Faridz Osman
Chalcones represent a group of compounds with interesting biological activities that are formed from an aldol condensation between a benzaldehyde and an acetophenone in the presence of NaOH as a catalyst. Although traditionally synthesized using aqueous sodium hydroxide in organic solvents, in th...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2009
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/759/1/TD_MUHAMAD%20FARIDZ%20OSMAN_09_5%201.pdf |
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| Summary: | Chalcones represent a group of compounds with interesting biological activities that are
formed from an aldol condensation between a benzaldehyde and an acetophenone in the
presence of NaOH as a catalyst. Although traditionally synthesized using aqueous sodium
hydroxide in organic solvents, in this study three different chalcones were synthesized
using a solventless procedure. The solvent-free synthesis of three chalcones was carried
out by grinding the benzaldehyde (3-nitro, 4-methoxy, 4-chloro) and 4-
methoxyacetophenone in the presence of solid sodium hydroxide with a mortar and
pestle. Chalcones were obtained in high yields (76-86%), high purity, and shorter
reaction time (within five minutes). The results seemed to indicate the success of the
solvent-free aldol synthesis which is simple, highly efficient and eco-friendly. For
comparison, the three chalcones were also synthesized by the traditional aldol
condensation catalyzed by aqueous sodium hydroxide in ethanol afforded lower yield
(62-72%) and required longer reaction time (62-75 min). |
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