Genetic determinants of Staphylococcus haemolyticus in commensal and clinical isolates / Farhan Haziq Azharollah

In this study, the genetic determinants in both commensal and clinical isolates of S. haemolyticus which includes Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR), Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing and biofilm formation were characterized. A total of 50 commensal and 98 clinical isolates of S. haemo...

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Main Author:	Azharollah, Farhan Haziq
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2022
Subjects:	QR Microbiology
Online Access:	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/76015/1/76015.pdf
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spelling	my-uitm-ir.760152023-05-26T03:59:04Z Genetic determinants of Staphylococcus haemolyticus in commensal and clinical isolates / Farhan Haziq Azharollah 2022 Azharollah, Farhan Haziq QR Microbiology Antibiotic therapy. Antibiotics In this study, the genetic determinants in both commensal and clinical isolates of S. haemolyticus which includes Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR), Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing and biofilm formation were characterized. A total of 50 commensal and 98 clinical isolates of S. haemolyticus were successfully isolated and tested against eleven types of antibiotics. From these, 40.0% of the commensals were MDR strains while a higher percentage of 69.4% of the clinical isolates were also MDR strains. The antibiotic profile data indicates the natural resistance ability of S. haemolyticus against killing by antibiotics regardless whether they are from commensal or clinical isolates. It also shows that MDR strains are more prominent among the clinical strains than the commensals. In contrast, all the isolates regardless of commensals or clinical were susceptible against vancomycin suggesting that this antibiotic is suitable for treatment in S. haemolyticus infections. SCCmec Type II was found to be a dominant typing for both commensal and clinical isolates at 90.0% and 98.99% respectively followed by Type V, Type I, Type IV and Type III. Similar pattern of typing observed indicates the possibility that the clinical isolates of S. haemolyticus could probably originated from the commensals strains that had successfully enter the host and caused infections. Unlike S. epidermidis, the majority of S. haemolyticus did not form biofilm on micro-titre plate nor did they harbour the icaAD gene. This suggests that biofilm formation may not be a virulent factor for the pathogenicity of S. haemolyticus. Isolate E1, S90 and A114 were further subjected to de novo Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). The results revealed that these isolates harbour eleven antibiotics resistance genes, nine SCCmec sequences, sequences homologous to two phages and nine plasmids, and they also carry the IS1272 insertion sequences. Hence, it appears that these genetic determinants are widespread among the S. haemolyticus isolates and may serve as “vehicles” for the transmission of antibiotics resistance. However, there is not enough evidence to conclude if an isolate can progressively become resistance to more antibiotics by sequentially accumulating these genetic determinants tested 2022 Thesis https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/76015/ https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/76015/1/76015.pdf text en public masters Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Faculty of Applied Sciences Abdul-Aziz, Aziyah
institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA
collection	UiTM Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Abdul-Aziz, Aziyah
topic	QR Microbiology QR Microbiology
spellingShingle	QR Microbiology QR Microbiology Azharollah, Farhan Haziq Genetic determinants of Staphylococcus haemolyticus in commensal and clinical isolates / Farhan Haziq Azharollah
description	In this study, the genetic determinants in both commensal and clinical isolates of S. haemolyticus which includes Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR), Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing and biofilm formation were characterized. A total of 50 commensal and 98 clinical isolates of S. haemolyticus were successfully isolated and tested against eleven types of antibiotics. From these, 40.0% of the commensals were MDR strains while a higher percentage of 69.4% of the clinical isolates were also MDR strains. The antibiotic profile data indicates the natural resistance ability of S. haemolyticus against killing by antibiotics regardless whether they are from commensal or clinical isolates. It also shows that MDR strains are more prominent among the clinical strains than the commensals. In contrast, all the isolates regardless of commensals or clinical were susceptible against vancomycin suggesting that this antibiotic is suitable for treatment in S. haemolyticus infections. SCCmec Type II was found to be a dominant typing for both commensal and clinical isolates at 90.0% and 98.99% respectively followed by Type V, Type I, Type IV and Type III. Similar pattern of typing observed indicates the possibility that the clinical isolates of S. haemolyticus could probably originated from the commensals strains that had successfully enter the host and caused infections. Unlike S. epidermidis, the majority of S. haemolyticus did not form biofilm on micro-titre plate nor did they harbour the icaAD gene. This suggests that biofilm formation may not be a virulent factor for the pathogenicity of S. haemolyticus. Isolate E1, S90 and A114 were further subjected to de novo Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). The results revealed that these isolates harbour eleven antibiotics resistance genes, nine SCCmec sequences, sequences homologous to two phages and nine plasmids, and they also carry the IS1272 insertion sequences. Hence, it appears that these genetic determinants are widespread among the S. haemolyticus isolates and may serve as “vehicles” for the transmission of antibiotics resistance. However, there is not enough evidence to conclude if an isolate can progressively become resistance to more antibiotics by sequentially accumulating these genetic determinants tested
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Azharollah, Farhan Haziq
author_facet	Azharollah, Farhan Haziq
author_sort	Azharollah, Farhan Haziq
title	Genetic determinants of Staphylococcus haemolyticus in commensal and clinical isolates / Farhan Haziq Azharollah
title_short	Genetic determinants of Staphylococcus haemolyticus in commensal and clinical isolates / Farhan Haziq Azharollah
title_full	Genetic determinants of Staphylococcus haemolyticus in commensal and clinical isolates / Farhan Haziq Azharollah
title_fullStr	Genetic determinants of Staphylococcus haemolyticus in commensal and clinical isolates / Farhan Haziq Azharollah
title_full_unstemmed	Genetic determinants of Staphylococcus haemolyticus in commensal and clinical isolates / Farhan Haziq Azharollah
title_sort	genetic determinants of staphylococcus haemolyticus in commensal and clinical isolates / farhan haziq azharollah
granting_institution	Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM)
granting_department	Faculty of Applied Sciences
publishDate	2022
url	https://ir.uitm.edu.my/id/eprint/76015/1/76015.pdf
_version_	1783736096192987136

Genetic determinants of Staphylococcus haemolyticus in commensal and clinical isolates / Farhan Haziq Azharollah

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