Biosynthesis and optimization of methyl 3-(3,5- di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production from oil palm frond juice by ceratocystis fimbriata

In Malaysia, oil palm plantations and the palm oil industries were the main contributors to the generation of agricultural waste. From previous studies, researchers have identified the potential of utilizing the agricultural waste efficiently. In this research, oil palm frond (OPF) juice was used to...

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Main Author:	Nang Nor Azimah, Long Nadzri
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2018
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/25507/1/Biosynthesis%20and%20optimization%20of%20methyl%203-%283%2C5-%20di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl%29%20propionate%20production%20from%20oil%20palm%20frond%20juice%20by%20ceratocystis%20fimbriata.wm.pdf
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id	my-ump-ir.25507
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah
collection	UMPSA Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Mohd Zahari, Mior Ahmad Khushairi
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Nang Nor Azimah, Long Nadzri Biosynthesis and optimization of methyl 3-(3,5- di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production from oil palm frond juice by ceratocystis fimbriata
description	In Malaysia, oil palm plantations and the palm oil industries were the main contributors to the generation of agricultural waste. From previous studies, researchers have identified the potential of utilizing the agricultural waste efficiently. In this research, oil palm frond (OPF) juice was used to replace the function of glucose during fermentation. OPF juice is reported to contain renewable sugars such as glucose, sucrose and fructose. OPF juice is expected to address the environmental issues to produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) especially for production of methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate as OPF is abundantly available as a biomass and easily available throughout Malaysia. The utilization and development of methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production fungus have been of increasing interest as they are naturally produced without chemical synthesis. Ceratocystis fimbriata is a fungus which has the potential for synthesizing esters, it grows quickly and produces a variety of aromas (peach, pineapple, banana, citrus and rose) depending on the strain and culture conditions. The aim of this study was to screen and optimize methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate using a series of experimental design by a head space-solid phase micro extraction (HS-SPME) technique combined with gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC–MS) was used to separate the relative peak area of the compound during the fermentation. Optimization of methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production are affected by several factors during the period of fermentation. Series of experimental designs were applied to screen and optimize the production of the compound. In the screening study, 24 full factorial design were used to find significant factors affecting production of methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, which are incubation temperature (25 °C-35 °C), initial pH medium (pH4, pH8), agitation speed (100 rpm, 150 rpm) and concentration of glucose (20 g/L, 30 g/L) in OPF juice. The responses in screening were fitted with a multiple linear regression equation and obtained a correlation (R² = 0.8960) between the experimental data and model data. Then central composite design (CCD) was applied as the experimental design and a polynomial regression model with quadratic term was used to analyze the experimental data using analysis of variance (ANOVA). ANOVA analysis showed that the model was very significant (p < 0.0001) for the methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production. The responses were fitted with the second order polynomial equation with high correlation (R² = 0.9598) between the observed and predicted values. The results of optimization process showed that a maximum methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production was obtained under the condition of initial pH medium (8), agitation speed (100 rpm) and incubation temperature (25°C). Under these optimized conditions, the highest 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production was obtained when the column retention time was 32.80 minutes and the relative peak area was 0.29 % of chromatogram area by using GC-SPME. As a conclusion, this study provides a significant guideline and basic of understanding for the production of methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate compound at larger scale using OPF juice as sole, renewable and sustainable substrate by C. fimbriata in the near future.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Nang Nor Azimah, Long Nadzri
author_facet	Nang Nor Azimah, Long Nadzri
author_sort	Nang Nor Azimah, Long Nadzri
title	Biosynthesis and optimization of methyl 3-(3,5- di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production from oil palm frond juice by ceratocystis fimbriata
title_short	Biosynthesis and optimization of methyl 3-(3,5- di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production from oil palm frond juice by ceratocystis fimbriata
title_full	Biosynthesis and optimization of methyl 3-(3,5- di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production from oil palm frond juice by ceratocystis fimbriata
title_fullStr	Biosynthesis and optimization of methyl 3-(3,5- di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production from oil palm frond juice by ceratocystis fimbriata
title_full_unstemmed	Biosynthesis and optimization of methyl 3-(3,5- di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production from oil palm frond juice by ceratocystis fimbriata
title_sort	biosynthesis and optimization of methyl 3-(3,5- di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production from oil palm frond juice by ceratocystis fimbriata
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Pahang
granting_department	Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering
publishDate	2018
url	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/25507/1/Biosynthesis%20and%20optimization%20of%20methyl%203-%283%2C5-%20di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl%29%20propionate%20production%20from%20oil%20palm%20frond%20juice%20by%20ceratocystis%20fimbriata.wm.pdf
_version_	1783732094821728256
spelling	my-ump-ir.255072023-05-09T02:59:41Z Biosynthesis and optimization of methyl 3-(3,5- di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production from oil palm frond juice by ceratocystis fimbriata 2018-08 Nang Nor Azimah, Long Nadzri TP Chemical technology In Malaysia, oil palm plantations and the palm oil industries were the main contributors to the generation of agricultural waste. From previous studies, researchers have identified the potential of utilizing the agricultural waste efficiently. In this research, oil palm frond (OPF) juice was used to replace the function of glucose during fermentation. OPF juice is reported to contain renewable sugars such as glucose, sucrose and fructose. OPF juice is expected to address the environmental issues to produce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) especially for production of methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate as OPF is abundantly available as a biomass and easily available throughout Malaysia. The utilization and development of methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production fungus have been of increasing interest as they are naturally produced without chemical synthesis. Ceratocystis fimbriata is a fungus which has the potential for synthesizing esters, it grows quickly and produces a variety of aromas (peach, pineapple, banana, citrus and rose) depending on the strain and culture conditions. The aim of this study was to screen and optimize methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate using a series of experimental design by a head space-solid phase micro extraction (HS-SPME) technique combined with gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC–MS) was used to separate the relative peak area of the compound during the fermentation. Optimization of methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production are affected by several factors during the period of fermentation. Series of experimental designs were applied to screen and optimize the production of the compound. In the screening study, 24 full factorial design were used to find significant factors affecting production of methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, which are incubation temperature (25 °C-35 °C), initial pH medium (pH4, pH8), agitation speed (100 rpm, 150 rpm) and concentration of glucose (20 g/L, 30 g/L) in OPF juice. The responses in screening were fitted with a multiple linear regression equation and obtained a correlation (R² = 0.8960) between the experimental data and model data. Then central composite design (CCD) was applied as the experimental design and a polynomial regression model with quadratic term was used to analyze the experimental data using analysis of variance (ANOVA). ANOVA analysis showed that the model was very significant (p < 0.0001) for the methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production. The responses were fitted with the second order polynomial equation with high correlation (R² = 0.9598) between the observed and predicted values. The results of optimization process showed that a maximum methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production was obtained under the condition of initial pH medium (8), agitation speed (100 rpm) and incubation temperature (25°C). Under these optimized conditions, the highest 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production was obtained when the column retention time was 32.80 minutes and the relative peak area was 0.29 % of chromatogram area by using GC-SPME. As a conclusion, this study provides a significant guideline and basic of understanding for the production of methyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate compound at larger scale using OPF juice as sole, renewable and sustainable substrate by C. fimbriata in the near future. 2018-08 Thesis http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/25507/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/25507/1/Biosynthesis%20and%20optimization%20of%20methyl%203-%283%2C5-%20di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl%29%20propionate%20production%20from%20oil%20palm%20frond%20juice%20by%20ceratocystis%20fimbriata.wm.pdf pdf en public masters Universiti Malaysia Pahang Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering Mohd Zahari, Mior Ahmad Khushairi

Biosynthesis and optimization of methyl 3-(3,5- di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate production from oil palm frond juice by ceratocystis fimbriata

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