Structural and optical characterizations of methyl ammonium lead halide perovskite embedded polymer films

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) made using methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite is currently under intensive investigation by the clean and sustainable energy research community. This is because many advantages they offer, such as (i) solution processability and hence lower cost, (ii) feasib...

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Main Author:	Nurul Ain, Manshor
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2018
Subjects:	HD Industries Land use Labor T Technology (General)
Online Access:	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/35751/1/Structural%20and%20optical%20characterizations%20of%20methyl%20ammonium%20lead%20halide%20perovskite%20embedded%20polymer%20films.ir.pdf
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spelling	my-ump-ir.357512022-12-07T03:05:31Z Structural and optical characterizations of methyl ammonium lead halide perovskite embedded polymer films 2018-09 Nurul Ain, Manshor HD Industries. Land use. Labor T Technology (General) Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) made using methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite is currently under intensive investigation by the clean and sustainable energy research community. This is because many advantages they offer, such as (i) solution processability and hence lower cost, (ii) feasibility to be fabricated in diverse device designs, (iii) workability under low-light conditions, and (iv) high photovoltaic conversion efficiency (~22%). However, their operational stability is very poor, only few hours under normal operating conditions, and they show a hysteresis in their current – voltage characteristics when the measurements are done at forward and reverse bias conditions. It is hypothesized in this research that the poor operational stability is due to the volatile nature of the methylammonium ions in the crystals and stabilizing them could lead to stable PSCs. Synthetic polymers are very stable under atmospheric conditions and encapsulating the MAPbI3 perovskites in a polymer could be an efficient method to improve their stability. Following this argument, this thesis describes synthesis and characterization of MAPbI3 embedded polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) polymeric films. In this research work, four films were produced (i) pure MAPbI3 with 0 wt.% PVP, (ii) MAPbI3 in 5 wt.% PVP, (iii) MAPbI3 in 10 wt.% PVP, (iv) MAPbI3 in 20 wt.% PVP. 20 wt.% of PVP reported retained its optical and structural characteristics in dark for ~2000 h and ~800 h in room light which is noticeably higher than pure perovskite film which fully degraded in 600 h in dark and less than 100 h when exposed to light. The MAPbI3 crystals dissolved in DMF were dispersed in the above amount of polymers and developed into films on 500 nm TiO2 coated glass plates by spin coating. The structural and optical properties of the films as a function of time (up to 2000 h) under light and dark were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Ultra-Violet Visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectrometry, and Photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). Minor degradation in perovskite films stored in humid dark environment were observed whereas upon exposure to light, the films undergo a drastic degradation, primarily owing to the reactive TiO2/perovskite interface and also the surface defects of TiO2. The superior stability of PVP incorporated perovskite films are attributed to improved structural stability of MAPbI3 and also the improved TiO2/perovskite interface upon incorporating a polymer matrix. A charge injection from the polymer embedded perovskite films has also been confirmed by fabricating solar cells using them; thereby providing a promising future research pathway on stable and efficient perovskite solar cells. 2018-09 Thesis http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/35751/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/35751/1/Structural%20and%20optical%20characterizations%20of%20methyl%20ammonium%20lead%20halide%20perovskite%20embedded%20polymer%20films.ir.pdf pdf en public masters Universiti Malaysia Pahang Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology
institution	Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah
collection	UMPSA Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	HD Industries Land use Labor T Technology (General)
spellingShingle	HD Industries Land use Labor T Technology (General) Nurul Ain, Manshor Structural and optical characterizations of methyl ammonium lead halide perovskite embedded polymer films
description	Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) made using methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskite is currently under intensive investigation by the clean and sustainable energy research community. This is because many advantages they offer, such as (i) solution processability and hence lower cost, (ii) feasibility to be fabricated in diverse device designs, (iii) workability under low-light conditions, and (iv) high photovoltaic conversion efficiency (~22%). However, their operational stability is very poor, only few hours under normal operating conditions, and they show a hysteresis in their current – voltage characteristics when the measurements are done at forward and reverse bias conditions. It is hypothesized in this research that the poor operational stability is due to the volatile nature of the methylammonium ions in the crystals and stabilizing them could lead to stable PSCs. Synthetic polymers are very stable under atmospheric conditions and encapsulating the MAPbI3 perovskites in a polymer could be an efficient method to improve their stability. Following this argument, this thesis describes synthesis and characterization of MAPbI3 embedded polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) polymeric films. In this research work, four films were produced (i) pure MAPbI3 with 0 wt.% PVP, (ii) MAPbI3 in 5 wt.% PVP, (iii) MAPbI3 in 10 wt.% PVP, (iv) MAPbI3 in 20 wt.% PVP. 20 wt.% of PVP reported retained its optical and structural characteristics in dark for ~2000 h and ~800 h in room light which is noticeably higher than pure perovskite film which fully degraded in 600 h in dark and less than 100 h when exposed to light. The MAPbI3 crystals dissolved in DMF were dispersed in the above amount of polymers and developed into films on 500 nm TiO2 coated glass plates by spin coating. The structural and optical properties of the films as a function of time (up to 2000 h) under light and dark were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Ultra-Violet Visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectrometry, and Photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). Minor degradation in perovskite films stored in humid dark environment were observed whereas upon exposure to light, the films undergo a drastic degradation, primarily owing to the reactive TiO2/perovskite interface and also the surface defects of TiO2. The superior stability of PVP incorporated perovskite films are attributed to improved structural stability of MAPbI3 and also the improved TiO2/perovskite interface upon incorporating a polymer matrix. A charge injection from the polymer embedded perovskite films has also been confirmed by fabricating solar cells using them; thereby providing a promising future research pathway on stable and efficient perovskite solar cells.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Nurul Ain, Manshor
author_facet	Nurul Ain, Manshor
author_sort	Nurul Ain, Manshor
title	Structural and optical characterizations of methyl ammonium lead halide perovskite embedded polymer films
title_short	Structural and optical characterizations of methyl ammonium lead halide perovskite embedded polymer films
title_full	Structural and optical characterizations of methyl ammonium lead halide perovskite embedded polymer films
title_fullStr	Structural and optical characterizations of methyl ammonium lead halide perovskite embedded polymer films
title_full_unstemmed	Structural and optical characterizations of methyl ammonium lead halide perovskite embedded polymer films
title_sort	structural and optical characterizations of methyl ammonium lead halide perovskite embedded polymer films
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Pahang
granting_department	Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology
publishDate	2018
url	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/35751/1/Structural%20and%20optical%20characterizations%20of%20methyl%20ammonium%20lead%20halide%20perovskite%20embedded%20polymer%20films.ir.pdf
_version_	1783732243402850304

Structural and optical characterizations of methyl ammonium lead halide perovskite embedded polymer films

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