Energy efficient in cluster head and relay node selection for wireless sensor networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are defined as networks of nodes that work in a cooperative way to sense and control the surrounding environment. However, nodes contain limited energy which is the key limiting factor of the sensor network operation. In WSN architecture, the nodes are typically group...

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Main Author:	Azamuddin, Ab. Rahman
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2021
Subjects:	QA75 Electronic computers Computer science
Online Access:	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/39217/1/ir.Energy%20efficient%20in%20cluster%20head%20and%20relay%20node%20selection%20for%20wireless%20sensor%20networks.pdf
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spelling	my-ump-ir.392172023-11-08T03:49:07Z Energy efficient in cluster head and relay node selection for wireless sensor networks 2021-06 Azamuddin, Ab. Rahman QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are defined as networks of nodes that work in a cooperative way to sense and control the surrounding environment. However, nodes contain limited energy which is the key limiting factor of the sensor network operation. In WSN architecture, the nodes are typically grouped into clusters where one node from each cluster is selected as the Cluster Head (CH) and relays utilisation to minimise energy consumption. Currently, the selection of CH based on a different combination of input variables. Example of these variables includes residual energy, communication cost, node density, mobility, cluster size and many others. Improper selection of sensor node (i.e. weak signal strength) as CH can cause an increase in energy consumption. Additionally, a direct transmission in dual-hop communication between sensor nodes (e.g. CH) with the base station (BS) uses high energy consumption. A proper selection of the relay node can assist in communication while minimising energy consumption. Therefore, the research aim is to prolong the network lifetime (i.e. reduce energy consumption) by improving the selection of CHs and relay nodes through a new combination of input variables and distance threshold approach. In CH selection, the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) scheme, residual energy, and centrality variable were proposed. Fuzzy logic was utilized in selecting the appropriate CHs based on these variables in the MATLAB. In relay node selection, the selection is based on the distance threshold according to the nearest distance with the BS. The selection of the optimal number of relay nodes is performed using K-Optimal and K-Means techniques. This ensures that all CHs are connected to at least one corresponding relay node (i.e. a 2-tier network) to execute the routing process and send the data to BS. To evaluate the proposal, the performance of Multi-Tier Protocol (MAP) and Stable Election Protocol (SEP) was compared based on 100, 200, and 800 nodes with 1 J and random energy. The simulation results showed that our proposed approach, refer to as Energy Efficient Cluster Heads and Relay Nodes (EECR) selection approach, extended the network lifetime of the wireless sensor network by 43% and 33% longer than SEP and MAP, respectively. This thesis concluded that with effective combinations of variables for CHs and relay nodes selection in static environment for data routing, EECR can effectively improve the energy efficiency of WSNs. 2021-06 Thesis http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/39217/ http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/39217/1/ir.Energy%20efficient%20in%20cluster%20head%20and%20relay%20node%20selection%20for%20wireless%20sensor%20networks.pdf pdf en public phd doctoral Universiti Malaysia Pahang Faculty of Computing Mohd Nizam, Mohammad Kahar
institution	Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah
collection	UMPSA Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Mohd Nizam, Mohammad Kahar
topic	QA75 Electronic computers Computer science
spellingShingle	QA75 Electronic computers Computer science Azamuddin, Ab. Rahman Energy efficient in cluster head and relay node selection for wireless sensor networks
description	Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are defined as networks of nodes that work in a cooperative way to sense and control the surrounding environment. However, nodes contain limited energy which is the key limiting factor of the sensor network operation. In WSN architecture, the nodes are typically grouped into clusters where one node from each cluster is selected as the Cluster Head (CH) and relays utilisation to minimise energy consumption. Currently, the selection of CH based on a different combination of input variables. Example of these variables includes residual energy, communication cost, node density, mobility, cluster size and many others. Improper selection of sensor node (i.e. weak signal strength) as CH can cause an increase in energy consumption. Additionally, a direct transmission in dual-hop communication between sensor nodes (e.g. CH) with the base station (BS) uses high energy consumption. A proper selection of the relay node can assist in communication while minimising energy consumption. Therefore, the research aim is to prolong the network lifetime (i.e. reduce energy consumption) by improving the selection of CHs and relay nodes through a new combination of input variables and distance threshold approach. In CH selection, the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) scheme, residual energy, and centrality variable were proposed. Fuzzy logic was utilized in selecting the appropriate CHs based on these variables in the MATLAB. In relay node selection, the selection is based on the distance threshold according to the nearest distance with the BS. The selection of the optimal number of relay nodes is performed using K-Optimal and K-Means techniques. This ensures that all CHs are connected to at least one corresponding relay node (i.e. a 2-tier network) to execute the routing process and send the data to BS. To evaluate the proposal, the performance of Multi-Tier Protocol (MAP) and Stable Election Protocol (SEP) was compared based on 100, 200, and 800 nodes with 1 J and random energy. The simulation results showed that our proposed approach, refer to as Energy Efficient Cluster Heads and Relay Nodes (EECR) selection approach, extended the network lifetime of the wireless sensor network by 43% and 33% longer than SEP and MAP, respectively. This thesis concluded that with effective combinations of variables for CHs and relay nodes selection in static environment for data routing, EECR can effectively improve the energy efficiency of WSNs.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Azamuddin, Ab. Rahman
author_facet	Azamuddin, Ab. Rahman
author_sort	Azamuddin, Ab. Rahman
title	Energy efficient in cluster head and relay node selection for wireless sensor networks
title_short	Energy efficient in cluster head and relay node selection for wireless sensor networks
title_full	Energy efficient in cluster head and relay node selection for wireless sensor networks
title_fullStr	Energy efficient in cluster head and relay node selection for wireless sensor networks
title_full_unstemmed	Energy efficient in cluster head and relay node selection for wireless sensor networks
title_sort	energy efficient in cluster head and relay node selection for wireless sensor networks
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Pahang
granting_department	Faculty of Computing
publishDate	2021
url	http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/39217/1/ir.Energy%20efficient%20in%20cluster%20head%20and%20relay%20node%20selection%20for%20wireless%20sensor%20networks.pdf
_version_	1783732300504104960

Energy efficient in cluster head and relay node selection for wireless sensor networks

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