Structural diversity and biological properties of secondary metabolites from sea hare (Aplysia dacdtylomela) and Alcyonacean soft corals

North Borneo, located in the Coral Triangle Region (CTR), the world's marine mega biodiversity, has an extremely rich source of marine life. The marine ecosystem is a fusion of complex interaction between the marine environment and marine organisms leading to predatory, competition for space or...

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Main Author:	Kishneth Palaniveloo
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English
Published:	2015
Subjects:	QH540-549.5 Ecology
Online Access:	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/19729/1/24%20PAGES.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/19729/2/FULLTEXT.pdf
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spelling	my-ums-ep.197292024-04-15T07:17:44Z Structural diversity and biological properties of secondary metabolites from sea hare (Aplysia dacdtylomela) and Alcyonacean soft corals 2015 Kishneth Palaniveloo QH540-549.5 Ecology North Borneo, located in the Coral Triangle Region (CTR), the world's marine mega biodiversity, has an extremely rich source of marine life. The marine ecosystem is a fusion of complex interaction between the marine environment and marine organisms leading to predatory, competition for space or habitat, protection from disease or infection and directly imposing the pressure to survive among slowmoving, sessile soft bodied marine invertebrates. Thus, marine invertebrates biosynthesize secondary metabolites as a means ,of self defence. Recent development in drug discovery has revealed the potential of marine secondary metabolites as lead pharmaceutical drugs. This research focuses on two invertebrates; the sea hare Aplysia dactylomela Rang and Alcyonacean soft corals (Lobophytum pauciflorum, Sinularia flexibilis and Scleronephthea corymbosa) to investigate the structural diversity of secondary metabolites and its biological potentials. Populations of A. dactylomela from Dinawan Island yielded 10 compounds, Sulug Island yielded 9 compounds and Mantanani Island yielded 12 compounds, comprising of five new compounds with two new chemical skeletons. Compounds were mostly halogenated and comprised of acetogenins, charmigrane, cuparane, syndrean and bromoindoles. Three Alcyonacean soft coral species were analysed to contain 22 secondary metabolites; Lobophytum pauciflorum yielded 6 compounds, Scleronephthya corymbosa yielded 6 compounds and Sinularia flexibilis yielded 10 compounds comprising of furanocembranoids, pregnane type strerols and cembrane diterpenes. Secondary metabolites from the soft corals yielded five new compounds. Structure eluddation of compounds was determined via 10-NMR (proton and carbon), 2D-NMR (HSQC, COSY, HMBC and NOESY), HRMS and FTlR measurements. Sesquiterpenes (+)-elatol (16) and 2,3,5,6-tetrabromoindole (22) inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli (HP0408) and Vibrio cholera (HP0908) at MIC 5 µg/mL and 10 µg/mL. The syndrean 12-acetoxypalisadin B (0.02 %)(13) and pregnane sterol P3N-4 (0.01 %) (32) displayed cytotoxicity towards HL60 (13 µg/mL) and B16FI0 (17 µg/mL) cancer cell line respectively while the furanocembranoid SCl-8 (0.01 %) (28) best suppressed inflammation in LPS induced RAW 264.7 cell and zebra fish embryo at 10 µg/ml concentration. As such, the adaptation of marine invertebrate in the marine environment caters to great potential as an important source of lead pharmaceutical metabolites. 2015 Thesis https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/19729/ https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/19729/1/24%20PAGES.pdf text en public https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/19729/2/FULLTEXT.pdf text en validuser phd postdoctoral Universiti Malaysia Sabah Institut Biologi Tropika dan Pemuliharaan
institution	Universiti Malaysia Sabah
collection	UMS Institutional Repository
language	English English
topic	QH540-549.5 Ecology
spellingShingle	QH540-549.5 Ecology Kishneth Palaniveloo Structural diversity and biological properties of secondary metabolites from sea hare (Aplysia dacdtylomela) and Alcyonacean soft corals
description	North Borneo, located in the Coral Triangle Region (CTR), the world's marine mega biodiversity, has an extremely rich source of marine life. The marine ecosystem is a fusion of complex interaction between the marine environment and marine organisms leading to predatory, competition for space or habitat, protection from disease or infection and directly imposing the pressure to survive among slowmoving, sessile soft bodied marine invertebrates. Thus, marine invertebrates biosynthesize secondary metabolites as a means ,of self defence. Recent development in drug discovery has revealed the potential of marine secondary metabolites as lead pharmaceutical drugs. This research focuses on two invertebrates; the sea hare Aplysia dactylomela Rang and Alcyonacean soft corals (Lobophytum pauciflorum, Sinularia flexibilis and Scleronephthea corymbosa) to investigate the structural diversity of secondary metabolites and its biological potentials. Populations of A. dactylomela from Dinawan Island yielded 10 compounds, Sulug Island yielded 9 compounds and Mantanani Island yielded 12 compounds, comprising of five new compounds with two new chemical skeletons. Compounds were mostly halogenated and comprised of acetogenins, charmigrane, cuparane, syndrean and bromoindoles. Three Alcyonacean soft coral species were analysed to contain 22 secondary metabolites; Lobophytum pauciflorum yielded 6 compounds, Scleronephthya corymbosa yielded 6 compounds and Sinularia flexibilis yielded 10 compounds comprising of furanocembranoids, pregnane type strerols and cembrane diterpenes. Secondary metabolites from the soft corals yielded five new compounds. Structure eluddation of compounds was determined via 10-NMR (proton and carbon), 2D-NMR (HSQC, COSY, HMBC and NOESY), HRMS and FTlR measurements. Sesquiterpenes (+)-elatol (16) and 2,3,5,6-tetrabromoindole (22) inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli (HP0408) and Vibrio cholera (HP0908) at MIC 5 µg/mL and 10 µg/mL. The syndrean 12-acetoxypalisadin B (0.02 %)(13) and pregnane sterol P3N-4 (0.01 %) (32) displayed cytotoxicity towards HL60 (13 µg/mL) and B16FI0 (17 µg/mL) cancer cell line respectively while the furanocembranoid SCl-8 (0.01 %) (28) best suppressed inflammation in LPS induced RAW 264.7 cell and zebra fish embryo at 10 µg/ml concentration. As such, the adaptation of marine invertebrate in the marine environment caters to great potential as an important source of lead pharmaceutical metabolites.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Kishneth Palaniveloo
author_facet	Kishneth Palaniveloo
author_sort	Kishneth Palaniveloo
title	Structural diversity and biological properties of secondary metabolites from sea hare (Aplysia dacdtylomela) and Alcyonacean soft corals
title_short	Structural diversity and biological properties of secondary metabolites from sea hare (Aplysia dacdtylomela) and Alcyonacean soft corals
title_full	Structural diversity and biological properties of secondary metabolites from sea hare (Aplysia dacdtylomela) and Alcyonacean soft corals
title_fullStr	Structural diversity and biological properties of secondary metabolites from sea hare (Aplysia dacdtylomela) and Alcyonacean soft corals
title_full_unstemmed	Structural diversity and biological properties of secondary metabolites from sea hare (Aplysia dacdtylomela) and Alcyonacean soft corals
title_sort	structural diversity and biological properties of secondary metabolites from sea hare (aplysia dacdtylomela) and alcyonacean soft corals
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Sabah
granting_department	Institut Biologi Tropika dan Pemuliharaan
publishDate	2015
url	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/19729/1/24%20PAGES.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/19729/2/FULLTEXT.pdf
_version_	1804890313799499776

Structural diversity and biological properties of secondary metabolites from sea hare (Aplysia dacdtylomela) and Alcyonacean soft corals

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