Physical Characterization and Microscopic Studies of Porites Species from Sabah

Physical characterization of Porites species from Sabah have been studied by using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy (FT-Raman) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The purpose of this research is to study physical charac...

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Main Author:	Fadhlia Zafarina Zakaria
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English
Published:	2008
Subjects:	SH1-691 Aquaculture Fisheries Angling
Online Access:	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/30479/1/Physical%20Characterization%20and%20Microscopic%20Studies%20of%20Porites%20Species%20from%20Sabah%2024pages.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/30479/2/Physical%20Characterization%20and%20Microscopic%20Studies%20of%20Porites%20Species%20from%20Sabah.pdf
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spelling	my-ums-ep.304792021-09-06T07:32:43Z Physical Characterization and Microscopic Studies of Porites Species from Sabah 2008 Fadhlia Zafarina Zakaria SH1-691 Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling Physical characterization of Porites species from Sabah have been studied by using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy (FT-Raman) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The purpose of this research is to study physical characteristic of 3 powder particle sizes; ≤38, ≤53, and ≤106 μm of Porites species. Porites skeletons used in these studies were Porites australiensis, Porites cylindrica, Porites lutea, Porites lichen, Porites digitata, Porites nigrescens, Porites rus, Porites annae and Porites sp. It was found that crystallinity is increased from Porites lutea (lowest crystallinity) to Porites cylindrica (highest crystallinity). Low value of FWHM indicates that the crystals are defect free and periodically arranged while high value of FWHM indicates that the crystals are randomly arranged or have low degrees of periodicity. Crystallite sizes were found to be in the range of 1007.781–1706.040 Å and Porites species are belonged to two groups (smaller and larger crystallite sizes respectively). It is found that all Porites species exhibit orthorhombic crystal structures. From the values of M1, Porites species are categorized into two groups; the first group shows high values of M1 with biogenic aragonite cell constant while the second group shows high values of M1 with synthetic aragonite cell constants. It can be concluded that species with high value of M1 has peak data profiles which are compatible with the fitted cell constants. FTIR spectra show the variations in the v1, v2, v3 and v4 bands strength as a function of particle size. Each band decreases in strength with decreasing particle sizes for all species. The size of particulate matter will affect the strength of absorptions because electromagnetic radiation will interact with particulate matter differently for different particle sizes as the ratio of surface to volume scattering changes. FT-Raman spectra show the effect of particle size on the wavenumber and intensity of carbonate symmetric stretching mode, v1 bands. It is found that the intensity of v1 band decreases with decreasing particle size. These changes in the wavenumber of Raman bands with particle size are inherent properties of individual minerals. From morphological study, corallites distribution of Porites species can be divided into even and uneven. SEM at low magnification (100X) shows fine structures of intact coral skeletons. SEM at high magnification (2000X) however shows broken and fragmented rod-shaped aragonite crystals of some Porites species due to the effects of grinding process. In conclusion, there are significant differences of physical characteristic between these three particle sizes of Porites powder samples. 2008 Thesis https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/30479/ https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/30479/1/Physical%20Characterization%20and%20Microscopic%20Studies%20of%20Porites%20Species%20from%20Sabah%2024pages.pdf text en public https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/30479/2/Physical%20Characterization%20and%20Microscopic%20Studies%20of%20Porites%20Species%20from%20Sabah.pdf text en validuser phd doctoral Universiti Malaysia Sabah Faculty of Science and Natural Resources
institution	Universiti Malaysia Sabah
collection	UMS Institutional Repository
language	English English
topic	SH1-691 Aquaculture Fisheries Angling
spellingShingle	SH1-691 Aquaculture Fisheries Angling Fadhlia Zafarina Zakaria Physical Characterization and Microscopic Studies of Porites Species from Sabah
description	Physical characterization of Porites species from Sabah have been studied by using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Fourier Transform Raman Spectroscopy (FT-Raman) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The purpose of this research is to study physical characteristic of 3 powder particle sizes; ≤38, ≤53, and ≤106 μm of Porites species. Porites skeletons used in these studies were Porites australiensis, Porites cylindrica, Porites lutea, Porites lichen, Porites digitata, Porites nigrescens, Porites rus, Porites annae and Porites sp. It was found that crystallinity is increased from Porites lutea (lowest crystallinity) to Porites cylindrica (highest crystallinity). Low value of FWHM indicates that the crystals are defect free and periodically arranged while high value of FWHM indicates that the crystals are randomly arranged or have low degrees of periodicity. Crystallite sizes were found to be in the range of 1007.781–1706.040 Å and Porites species are belonged to two groups (smaller and larger crystallite sizes respectively). It is found that all Porites species exhibit orthorhombic crystal structures. From the values of M1, Porites species are categorized into two groups; the first group shows high values of M1 with biogenic aragonite cell constant while the second group shows high values of M1 with synthetic aragonite cell constants. It can be concluded that species with high value of M1 has peak data profiles which are compatible with the fitted cell constants. FTIR spectra show the variations in the v1, v2, v3 and v4 bands strength as a function of particle size. Each band decreases in strength with decreasing particle sizes for all species. The size of particulate matter will affect the strength of absorptions because electromagnetic radiation will interact with particulate matter differently for different particle sizes as the ratio of surface to volume scattering changes. FT-Raman spectra show the effect of particle size on the wavenumber and intensity of carbonate symmetric stretching mode, v1 bands. It is found that the intensity of v1 band decreases with decreasing particle size. These changes in the wavenumber of Raman bands with particle size are inherent properties of individual minerals. From morphological study, corallites distribution of Porites species can be divided into even and uneven. SEM at low magnification (100X) shows fine structures of intact coral skeletons. SEM at high magnification (2000X) however shows broken and fragmented rod-shaped aragonite crystals of some Porites species due to the effects of grinding process. In conclusion, there are significant differences of physical characteristic between these three particle sizes of Porites powder samples.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Fadhlia Zafarina Zakaria
author_facet	Fadhlia Zafarina Zakaria
author_sort	Fadhlia Zafarina Zakaria
title	Physical Characterization and Microscopic Studies of Porites Species from Sabah
title_short	Physical Characterization and Microscopic Studies of Porites Species from Sabah
title_full	Physical Characterization and Microscopic Studies of Porites Species from Sabah
title_fullStr	Physical Characterization and Microscopic Studies of Porites Species from Sabah
title_full_unstemmed	Physical Characterization and Microscopic Studies of Porites Species from Sabah
title_sort	physical characterization and microscopic studies of porites species from sabah
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Sabah
granting_department	Faculty of Science and Natural Resources
publishDate	2008
url	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/30479/1/Physical%20Characterization%20and%20Microscopic%20Studies%20of%20Porites%20Species%20from%20Sabah%2024pages.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/30479/2/Physical%20Characterization%20and%20Microscopic%20Studies%20of%20Porites%20Species%20from%20Sabah.pdf
_version_	1747836565969698816

Physical Characterization and Microscopic Studies of Porites Species from Sabah

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