Hepatotoxic and gonadotoxic effects of low dose of insecticide diazinon in male rats
Over the decades, more than hundred thousands of synthetic pesticides have been invented as a helpful source to eradicate nuisance pests and to maintain adequate food supply. Diazinon [ O,O-diethyl-0-(2-isopropyl-6-methyl-pyrimidine-4-yl) phosphorothiote], an organophosphate insecticide has been wid...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English English |
| Published: |
2013
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/38523/1/24%20PAGES.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/38523/2/FULLTEXT.pdf |
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| Summary: | Over the decades, more than hundred thousands of synthetic pesticides have been invented as a helpful source to eradicate nuisance pests and to maintain adequate food supply. Diazinon [ O,O-diethyl-0-(2-isopropyl-6-methyl-pyrimidine-4-yl) phosphorothiote], an organophosphate insecticide has been widely used in agriculture and domestic scale. It is rapidly degraded by microbes in the environment and to a small extent by exposure to sunlight. However, its ubiquitous and negligible amount in the environment presents a continuing health hazard to exposed farmers. Human beings can be potentially exposed to this semi-volatile insecticide through inhalation, ingestion and dermal contacts. Diazinon toxicity was proposed via lipid oxidative damage and relatively was less studied in male reproductive system. Hence the current work aimed to investigate the dose dependant adverse effects of diazinon on few physiological, biochemical and histopathological changes in liver and testis of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats based on LDso as a measure of the lowest possible exposure in agricultural environment. The rats were gavaged with diazinon of 10, 15 and 30 mg/kg body weight (LDso>S000 mg/kg body weight) in 3 durations of 1, 2 and 8 weeks. Activity of liver aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and lipid peroxidation exhibited an increase with consensus inhibition of reduced glutathione and catalase levels. Parallel with the biochemical changes, diazinon treatment significantly enhanced the damage in testis. The levels of lipid peroxidation was significantly increased in 30 mg/kg dose in 1 week's treatment and all doses in 2 and 8 weeks' treatment, along with significant decrement in reduced glutathione levels in all doses of 2 and 8 weeks' and catalase showed diminishing trend. Diazinon significantly decreased serum testosterone levels in 8 weeks' treatment and was accompanied with an increased incidence of sperm abnormality in testis. Increase in serum lactate dehydrogenase activity with a qualitative derangement in liver and testis histology support cytotoxic effects. The toxicity of diazinon with low dose exposure study revealed a dose and time dependant response in the parameters of this study. Different antioxidants and enzymes showed significant alterations with an increase in lipid peroxidation. Diazinon at low doses is cytotoxic to liver and germ cell lines. |
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