Effect of synthesis parameters of polypropylene melt blown nanofibers for oil sorption

Nanofiber is an effective oil sorbent for hydrocarbon crude oil spill clean-up operations. However, techniques to mass–produce nanofibers using melt blowing technique have not yet been fully developed to produce nanofibers with high oil sorption capacity. Subsequently, it needs a detailed study on t...

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Main Author:	Zykamilia Kamin
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English
Published:	2023
Subjects:	TA1-2040 Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General)
Online Access:	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/39056/1/24%20PAGES.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/39056/2/FULLTEXT.pdf
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spelling	my-ums-ep.390562024-07-10T03:05:43Z Effect of synthesis parameters of polypropylene melt blown nanofibers for oil sorption 2023 Zykamilia Kamin TA1-2040 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Nanofiber is an effective oil sorbent for hydrocarbon crude oil spill clean-up operations. However, techniques to mass–produce nanofibers using melt blowing technique have not yet been fully developed to produce nanofibers with high oil sorption capacity. Subsequently, it needs a detailed study on the correlation between production, structures, properties, and applications. Hence, this study focuses on nanofibers synthesis using polypropylene by varying melt blowing variables, i.e., melt flow rate, air pressure, and die-to-collector distance, with ranges of 1 - 5 Hz, 0.25 - 0.50 Mpa and 0.15 - 0.45 m respectively. This work studied the interaction between process variables and nanofibers' physical properties (average fiber diameter, specific surface area, pore volume, and average pore diameter) and the interaction between the nanofibers' physical properties and oil sorption capacity. The SEM and BET characterize the fiber's physical properties, and a standard method was used to quantify oil sorption capacity. The response surface methodology was used to analyze the interactions. In addition, selectivity studies over water were conducted using Pseudo Ideal Monolayer theory on heavy metals Pb2+. The results obtained for physical properties for average fiber diameter, specific surface area, pore volume, and average pore diameter were in the ranges of 370.84 - 1885.00 nm, 1.3669 - 4.3188 m2/g, 0.002143 - 0.08283 cm3/g, and 61.93 - 93.00 Å, respectively. The finding shows that the most significant factor for all responses is melt flow rate except for average pore diameter, where melt flow rate and die collector distance interaction are the most significant factors. The oil sorption capacity was in the range of 11.37 - 36 g/g, with which the highest value was obtained at 1 Hz, 0.45 m, and 0.5 Mpa due to voids among fibers by fiber entanglement induced by the die-to-collector distance. At a low solute concentration, the maximum preference for the Pb2+ was at a 9.0 x 10-5 mole fraction, and the adsorption capacity, Ns, was 5.0758 x 10-5 mg/g. These indicate that the selectivity towards Pb2+ is high, despite a low adsorption capacity, making the nanofibers effective for oil-water separation for an oil spill clean-up operation. This knowledge contribution provides an avenue for future research in adsorption studies for hydrocarbons, oil and heavy metals. 2023 Thesis https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/39056/ https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/39056/1/24%20PAGES.pdf text en public https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/39056/2/FULLTEXT.pdf text en staffonly dphil doctoral Universiti Malaysia Sabah Faculty Of Engineering
institution	Universiti Malaysia Sabah
collection	UMS Institutional Repository
language	English English
topic	TA1-2040 Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General)
spellingShingle	TA1-2040 Engineering (General) Civil engineering (General) Zykamilia Kamin Effect of synthesis parameters of polypropylene melt blown nanofibers for oil sorption
description	Nanofiber is an effective oil sorbent for hydrocarbon crude oil spill clean-up operations. However, techniques to mass–produce nanofibers using melt blowing technique have not yet been fully developed to produce nanofibers with high oil sorption capacity. Subsequently, it needs a detailed study on the correlation between production, structures, properties, and applications. Hence, this study focuses on nanofibers synthesis using polypropylene by varying melt blowing variables, i.e., melt flow rate, air pressure, and die-to-collector distance, with ranges of 1 - 5 Hz, 0.25 - 0.50 Mpa and 0.15 - 0.45 m respectively. This work studied the interaction between process variables and nanofibers' physical properties (average fiber diameter, specific surface area, pore volume, and average pore diameter) and the interaction between the nanofibers' physical properties and oil sorption capacity. The SEM and BET characterize the fiber's physical properties, and a standard method was used to quantify oil sorption capacity. The response surface methodology was used to analyze the interactions. In addition, selectivity studies over water were conducted using Pseudo Ideal Monolayer theory on heavy metals Pb2+. The results obtained for physical properties for average fiber diameter, specific surface area, pore volume, and average pore diameter were in the ranges of 370.84 - 1885.00 nm, 1.3669 - 4.3188 m2/g, 0.002143 - 0.08283 cm3/g, and 61.93 - 93.00 Å, respectively. The finding shows that the most significant factor for all responses is melt flow rate except for average pore diameter, where melt flow rate and die collector distance interaction are the most significant factors. The oil sorption capacity was in the range of 11.37 - 36 g/g, with which the highest value was obtained at 1 Hz, 0.45 m, and 0.5 Mpa due to voids among fibers by fiber entanglement induced by the die-to-collector distance. At a low solute concentration, the maximum preference for the Pb2+ was at a 9.0 x 10-5 mole fraction, and the adsorption capacity, Ns, was 5.0758 x 10-5 mg/g. These indicate that the selectivity towards Pb2+ is high, despite a low adsorption capacity, making the nanofibers effective for oil-water separation for an oil spill clean-up operation. This knowledge contribution provides an avenue for future research in adsorption studies for hydrocarbons, oil and heavy metals.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Zykamilia Kamin
author_facet	Zykamilia Kamin
author_sort	Zykamilia Kamin
title	Effect of synthesis parameters of polypropylene melt blown nanofibers for oil sorption
title_short	Effect of synthesis parameters of polypropylene melt blown nanofibers for oil sorption
title_full	Effect of synthesis parameters of polypropylene melt blown nanofibers for oil sorption
title_fullStr	Effect of synthesis parameters of polypropylene melt blown nanofibers for oil sorption
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of synthesis parameters of polypropylene melt blown nanofibers for oil sorption
title_sort	effect of synthesis parameters of polypropylene melt blown nanofibers for oil sorption
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Sabah
granting_department	Faculty Of Engineering
publishDate	2023
url	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/39056/1/24%20PAGES.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/39056/2/FULLTEXT.pdf
_version_	1804890366419140608

Effect of synthesis parameters of polypropylene melt blown nanofibers for oil sorption

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