Malaysia’s relations with Singapore and Indonesia under Najib Razak’s administration
Ties of history, culture and economic interdependence have bound Malaysia- Singapore and Malaysia-Indonesia’s long-term relationship. Although there have been ups and downs in Malaysia-Singapore and Malaysia-Indonesia relations, Malaysia’s relationship with both countries has remained strong. Over t...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English English |
| Published: |
2021
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41692/1/24%20PAGES.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41692/2/FULLTEXT.pdf |
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| Summary: | Ties of history, culture and economic interdependence have bound Malaysia- Singapore and Malaysia-Indonesia’s long-term relationship. Although there have been ups and downs in Malaysia-Singapore and Malaysia-Indonesia relations, Malaysia’s relationship with both countries has remained strong. Over the years, the conduct and approaches of Malaysia’s foreign relations have changed due to changes in domestic and external factors. Thus, this study focuses on the main issues and factors that influenced the Malaysia-Singapore and Malaysia-Indonesia relations from the year 2009 to 2018. The similarities and differences between Malaysia-Singapore and Malaysia-Indonesia relations were also analysed. Library resources were used and semi-structured interviews with former minister, academic experts and diplomats were carried out to gain information. Neoclassical realism combines internal and external variables, which acted as determinants to explain the behaviour of the country’s foreign policies. It also emphasises the influence of a political leadership act. Thus, neoclassical realism theory was used to determine the domestic factor, an external factor and leadership factor that plays an extensive role in shaping Malaysia’s relations towards Singapore and Indonesia. This study found that the unresolved and main issues, such as the water issue and the maids’ issue affect Malaysia-Singapore and Malaysia-Indonesia relations respectively. The findings also indicate that main factors such as deep interdependence, culture, alliance and the prime minister’s leadership style influence Malaysia’s relations with Singapore and Indonesia. |
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