Synthesis and characterization of PVDF/NaCI membrane for ammonia removal from aquaculture

Synthesis and characterization of PVDF/NaCI membrane for ammonia removal from aquaculture

In this study, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) flat membrane was fabricated to remove the total ammonia from saline water by direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) at 50°C The effects of initial NH3 concentration from 0.03 to 0.47M, temperature from 30 to 50°C and salinity from 0 to 35ppt on a...

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Main Author: Chiam, Chel Ken
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: 2009
Subjects:
TD Environmental technology
Sanitary engineering
Online Access:https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/6430/1/mt0000000159.pdf
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institution Universiti Malaysia Sabah
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language English
topic TD Environmental technology
Sanitary engineering
spellingShingle TD Environmental technology
Sanitary engineering
Chiam, Chel Ken
Synthesis and characterization of PVDF/NaCI membrane for ammonia removal from aquaculture
description In this study, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) flat membrane was fabricated to remove the total ammonia from saline water by direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) at 50°C The effects of initial NH3 concentration from 0.03 to 0.47M, temperature from 30 to 50°C and salinity from 0 to 35ppt on ammonia-ammonium equilibrium, however, were initially investigated by using Law of Ostwald's Dissociation. The PVDF membranes were then fabricated from dimethylacetamide (DMAc) solvent and sodium chloride (NaCl) from concentration 0 to 6M as the dope additive by phase inversion in a distilled water coagulation bath. The membranes were dried and then characterized as well as applied in DCMD. Cocurrent configuration of DCMD was applied to study the mass transfer, water vapor flux and ammonia removal efficiency of the membranes. The experimental results showed the NH3 concentration in the water increases as the temperature and pH increased. The NH3 concentration, however, is relatively higher in pure water than that in saline water from temperature 30 to 50°C The drying process has improved the hydrophobicity of the membranes. The contact angles of the membranes with NaCI addition, however, were reduced from 165 to 156°. Graphically, the average ranges of membrane thickness and pore size were 71.5 to 111.5µm and 43.5 to 118.5nm, respectively. The addition of NaCI has reduced the average pore size from 81 to 66nm. Statistically, average ranges of the membrane thickness and pore size were 83 to 99µm and 82 to 103.3nm, respectively. The average membrane porosity with additives were increased from 78% to >82% compared to that of without the additives. The mass transfer coefficient of ammonia and the water vapor flux increase as the membrane porosity increased. The membrane porosity of 84% and effective membrane area of 56.40cm2 achieved the highest ammonia removal efficiency about 24% within 2 hours of DCMD.
format Thesis
qualification_level Master's degree
author Chiam, Chel Ken
author_facet Chiam, Chel Ken
author_sort Chiam, Chel Ken
title Synthesis and characterization of PVDF/NaCI membrane for ammonia removal from aquaculture
title_short Synthesis and characterization of PVDF/NaCI membrane for ammonia removal from aquaculture
title_full Synthesis and characterization of PVDF/NaCI membrane for ammonia removal from aquaculture
title_fullStr Synthesis and characterization of PVDF/NaCI membrane for ammonia removal from aquaculture
title_full_unstemmed Synthesis and characterization of PVDF/NaCI membrane for ammonia removal from aquaculture
title_sort synthesis and characterization of pvdf/naci membrane for ammonia removal from aquaculture
granting_institution Universiti Malaysia Sabah
granting_department School of Engineering and Information Technology
publishDate 2009
url https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/6430/1/mt0000000159.pdf
_version_ 1747836325842649088
spelling my-ums-ep.64302017-10-11T03:04:53Z Synthesis and characterization of PVDF/NaCI membrane for ammonia removal from aquaculture 2009 Chiam, Chel Ken TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering In this study, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) flat membrane was fabricated to remove the total ammonia from saline water by direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) at 50°C The effects of initial NH3 concentration from 0.03 to 0.47M, temperature from 30 to 50°C and salinity from 0 to 35ppt on ammonia-ammonium equilibrium, however, were initially investigated by using Law of Ostwald's Dissociation. The PVDF membranes were then fabricated from dimethylacetamide (DMAc) solvent and sodium chloride (NaCl) from concentration 0 to 6M as the dope additive by phase inversion in a distilled water coagulation bath. The membranes were dried and then characterized as well as applied in DCMD. Cocurrent configuration of DCMD was applied to study the mass transfer, water vapor flux and ammonia removal efficiency of the membranes. The experimental results showed the NH3 concentration in the water increases as the temperature and pH increased. The NH3 concentration, however, is relatively higher in pure water than that in saline water from temperature 30 to 50°C The drying process has improved the hydrophobicity of the membranes. The contact angles of the membranes with NaCI addition, however, were reduced from 165 to 156°. Graphically, the average ranges of membrane thickness and pore size were 71.5 to 111.5µm and 43.5 to 118.5nm, respectively. The addition of NaCI has reduced the average pore size from 81 to 66nm. Statistically, average ranges of the membrane thickness and pore size were 83 to 99µm and 82 to 103.3nm, respectively. The average membrane porosity with additives were increased from 78% to >82% compared to that of without the additives. The mass transfer coefficient of ammonia and the water vapor flux increase as the membrane porosity increased. The membrane porosity of 84% and effective membrane area of 56.40cm2 achieved the highest ammonia removal efficiency about 24% within 2 hours of DCMD. 2009 Thesis https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/6430/ https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/6430/1/mt0000000159.pdf text en public masters Universiti Malaysia Sabah School of Engineering and Information Technology Ali, N., Mohammad, A. W., Jusoh, A., Hassan, M. R., Ghazali, N. and Kamaruzaman, K. 2005. Treatment of aquaculture wastewater using ultra-low pressure asymmetric polyethersulfone (PES) membrane. Desalination. 185:317-326. Alklaibi, A. M. and Lior, N. 2006. Heat and mass transfer resistance analysis of membrane distillation. Journal of Membrane Science. 282:362-369. AI-Rub, F. A. A., Banat, F. and Beni-Melhim, K. 2002. Parametric sensitivity analysis of direct contact membrane distillation. 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