Microplastic Ingestion By Zooplankton From Terengganu River Estuary To Offshore Waters

Large number of plastics in various forms have been unloaded in different ecosystems; because of many improper control systems in plastic and its waste management, or incurious human behaviour. It is a matter of concern that plastics do not degrade biologically but are divided into small particl...

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Main Author:	Zakaria Dauod Taha Almashaqba
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Subjects:	Zakaria Dauod Taha Almashaqba QL 123 .M3 2021
Online Access:	http://umt-ir.umt.edu.my:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/16526/1/QL%20123%20.M3%202021%20Abstract.pdf http://umt-ir.umt.edu.my:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/16526/2/QL%20123%20.M3%202021%20Full%20text.pdf
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id	my-umt-ir.-16526
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-umt-ir.-165262022-04-17T01:20:50Z Microplastic Ingestion By Zooplankton From Terengganu River Estuary To Offshore Waters Zakaria Dauod Taha Almashaqba Large number of plastics in various forms have been unloaded in different ecosystems; because of many improper control systems in plastic and its waste management, or incurious human behaviour. It is a matter of concern that plastics do not degrade biologically but are divided into small particles called microplastics under ultraviolet radiation or mechanical abrasion. Microplastics (<5 mm) are a common and global contaminant of aquatic ecosystems. Due to their small size, microplastic are ingested by a range of marine organisms, including zooplankton. The effect of microplastic on zooplankton and their interaction with these particles in their natural environments is still under consideration. This study presents the first report showing the microplastic ingestion by seven zooplankton taxa in the offshore waters of southern South China Sea and Terengganu River estuary as well as the extent of surface seawater contamination by microplastics. Among the zooplankton taxa groups are Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Harpacticoida, Mysids, Decapoda, Clodocera and Aphragmophora. No significant difference of ingested microplastic density among different zooplankton groups was detected between Terengganu River estuary and offshore waters. Two types of microplastic (fibres and fragments) were found in zooplankton in both study areas. The fibres were the most common type of ingested microplastic in the offshore (94%) and Terengganu River estuary (77.7%). The average sizes of ingested fibres and fragments were 361.7 ± 226.8 µm and 96.8 ± 28.1µm, respectively. Microplastic concentrations in zooplankton varied from 0.01 ± 0.002 particle/individual (Harpacticoida) to 0.2 ± 0.14 particle/individual (Aphragmophora). No significant correlation was observed between the density of the ingested microplastic and microplastic density in the surface seawater, indicating that other biotic and abiotic factors can influence the bioavailability of microplastic to zooplankton. The results provide basic information for better understanding of microplastic ingestion levels by zooplankton within Terengganu River estuary and the offshore water of southern South China Sea for future research. Universiti Malaysia Terengganu 2021 Thesis en http://umt-ir.umt.edu.my:8080/handle/123456789/16526 http://umt-ir.umt.edu.my:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/16526/1/QL%20123%20.M3%202021%20Abstract.pdf 6c8d813a3cd07f02f5bce34a53ca22fb http://umt-ir.umt.edu.my:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/16526/2/QL%20123%20.M3%202021%20Full%20text.pdf f19966bb027095151e4ecf2871f39a32 http://umt-ir.umt.edu.my:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/16526/3/license.txt 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 Zakaria Dauod Taha Almashaqba QL 123 .M3 2021
institution	Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
collection	UMT Repository System
language	English
topic	Zakaria Dauod Taha Almashaqba QL 123 .M3 2021
spellingShingle	Zakaria Dauod Taha Almashaqba QL 123 .M3 2021 Zakaria Dauod Taha Almashaqba Microplastic Ingestion By Zooplankton From Terengganu River Estuary To Offshore Waters
description	Large number of plastics in various forms have been unloaded in different ecosystems; because of many improper control systems in plastic and its waste management, or incurious human behaviour. It is a matter of concern that plastics do not degrade biologically but are divided into small particles called microplastics under ultraviolet radiation or mechanical abrasion. Microplastics (<5 mm) are a common and global contaminant of aquatic ecosystems. Due to their small size, microplastic are ingested by a range of marine organisms, including zooplankton. The effect of microplastic on zooplankton and their interaction with these particles in their natural environments is still under consideration. This study presents the first report showing the microplastic ingestion by seven zooplankton taxa in the offshore waters of southern South China Sea and Terengganu River estuary as well as the extent of surface seawater contamination by microplastics. Among the zooplankton taxa groups are Calanoida, Cyclopoida, Harpacticoida, Mysids, Decapoda, Clodocera and Aphragmophora. No significant difference of ingested microplastic density among different zooplankton groups was detected between Terengganu River estuary and offshore waters. Two types of microplastic (fibres and fragments) were found in zooplankton in both study areas. The fibres were the most common type of ingested microplastic in the offshore (94%) and Terengganu River estuary (77.7%). The average sizes of ingested fibres and fragments were 361.7 ± 226.8 µm and 96.8 ± 28.1µm, respectively. Microplastic concentrations in zooplankton varied from 0.01 ± 0.002 particle/individual (Harpacticoida) to 0.2 ± 0.14 particle/individual (Aphragmophora). No significant correlation was observed between the density of the ingested microplastic and microplastic density in the surface seawater, indicating that other biotic and abiotic factors can influence the bioavailability of microplastic to zooplankton. The results provide basic information for better understanding of microplastic ingestion levels by zooplankton within Terengganu River estuary and the offshore water of southern South China Sea for future research.
format	Thesis
author	Zakaria Dauod Taha Almashaqba
author_facet	Zakaria Dauod Taha Almashaqba
author_sort	Zakaria Dauod Taha Almashaqba
title	Microplastic Ingestion By Zooplankton From Terengganu River Estuary To Offshore Waters
title_short	Microplastic Ingestion By Zooplankton From Terengganu River Estuary To Offshore Waters
title_full	Microplastic Ingestion By Zooplankton From Terengganu River Estuary To Offshore Waters
title_fullStr	Microplastic Ingestion By Zooplankton From Terengganu River Estuary To Offshore Waters
title_full_unstemmed	Microplastic Ingestion By Zooplankton From Terengganu River Estuary To Offshore Waters
title_sort	microplastic ingestion by zooplankton from terengganu river estuary to offshore waters
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
url	http://umt-ir.umt.edu.my:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/16526/1/QL%20123%20.M3%202021%20Abstract.pdf http://umt-ir.umt.edu.my:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/16526/2/QL%20123%20.M3%202021%20Full%20text.pdf
_version_	1747835835481325568

Microplastic Ingestion By Zooplankton From Terengganu River Estuary To Offshore Waters

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