QCM-based sensor for the determination of mango ripeness

This thesis presents a new method for fruit maturity stage determination using electronic nose based on Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) which is well known for gas sensing. To allow the QCM selectively detect volatiles, a thin sensing layer has to be coated on its surface with several polymers usi...

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Main Author:	Fathi, Nashrullah
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Subjects:	Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) Ripeness sensor Fruit ripeness Ripeness detectors QCM sensor device
Online Access:	http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/31297/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/31297/2/Full%20text.pdf
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id	my-unimap-31297
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spelling	my-unimap-312972014-01-19T06:54:05Z QCM-based sensor for the determination of mango ripeness Fathi, Nashrullah This thesis presents a new method for fruit maturity stage determination using electronic nose based on Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) which is well known for gas sensing. To allow the QCM selectively detect volatiles, a thin sensing layer has to be coated on its surface with several polymers using spin coating technique. These polymers have overlapping selectivity that interacts with analytes (samples). By combining different kinds of sensing layers for array QCM, each QCM has some response to the samples to give samples profile instead of selectively detect each component from the samples. This QCM characteristic is used to determine fruit maturity level. A climacteric fruit release an elevated amount of volatiles during ripening. These volatiles are contained and accumulated in a container before being exposed to the array of QCMs. The volatiles will be adsorbed at the sensing layer of the QCMs causing a slight mass change and thus a shift in its resonant frequency. From the value of this shift, the mass of the adsorbed materials could be determined. The amount of adsorbed volatiles depend on its molecular interaction with the sensing layer and are directly correlated to the fruit maturity level. The study is divided into three parts. The first one is the development of the QCM sensor device. This development covers the QCM sensor preparation; that is selecting suitable sensing materials, and design and development of electronic circuitry. Secondly is the data collection. Raja and the Namdokmai cultivars of mango were chosen. The fruits ripening process are observed for 6 days. Finally is the data analysis. In this part, the data from the observation are analyzed by using simple plot and multivariate method. However, simple plot cannot distinguish daily basis datasets completely. By applying multivariate analyses namely PCA and LDA, the datasets from different day of monitoring are discriminated properly. However, the QCM sensor alone is somewhat inadequate for a proper discrimination of the maturity levels. By implementing data fusion with acoustic firmness sensor, better results have been obtained. Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) 2012 Thesis en http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/dspace/handle/123456789/31297 http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/31297/1/Page%201-24.pdf 8a598155ee707590ac9ea1bbdf3fd3a4 http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/31297/2/Full%20text.pdf b438aba301987a525a3b5e7e81f3dda5 http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/31297/3/license.txt 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) Ripeness sensor Fruit ripeness Ripeness detectors QCM sensor device School of Computer and Communication Engineering
institution	Universiti Malaysia Perlis
collection	UniMAP Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) Ripeness sensor Fruit ripeness Ripeness detectors QCM sensor device
spellingShingle	Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) Ripeness sensor Fruit ripeness Ripeness detectors QCM sensor device Fathi, Nashrullah QCM-based sensor for the determination of mango ripeness
description	This thesis presents a new method for fruit maturity stage determination using electronic nose based on Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) which is well known for gas sensing. To allow the QCM selectively detect volatiles, a thin sensing layer has to be coated on its surface with several polymers using spin coating technique. These polymers have overlapping selectivity that interacts with analytes (samples). By combining different kinds of sensing layers for array QCM, each QCM has some response to the samples to give samples profile instead of selectively detect each component from the samples. This QCM characteristic is used to determine fruit maturity level. A climacteric fruit release an elevated amount of volatiles during ripening. These volatiles are contained and accumulated in a container before being exposed to the array of QCMs. The volatiles will be adsorbed at the sensing layer of the QCMs causing a slight mass change and thus a shift in its resonant frequency. From the value of this shift, the mass of the adsorbed materials could be determined. The amount of adsorbed volatiles depend on its molecular interaction with the sensing layer and are directly correlated to the fruit maturity level. The study is divided into three parts. The first one is the development of the QCM sensor device. This development covers the QCM sensor preparation; that is selecting suitable sensing materials, and design and development of electronic circuitry. Secondly is the data collection. Raja and the Namdokmai cultivars of mango were chosen. The fruits ripening process are observed for 6 days. Finally is the data analysis. In this part, the data from the observation are analyzed by using simple plot and multivariate method. However, simple plot cannot distinguish daily basis datasets completely. By applying multivariate analyses namely PCA and LDA, the datasets from different day of monitoring are discriminated properly. However, the QCM sensor alone is somewhat inadequate for a proper discrimination of the maturity levels. By implementing data fusion with acoustic firmness sensor, better results have been obtained.
format	Thesis
author	Fathi, Nashrullah
author_facet	Fathi, Nashrullah
author_sort	Fathi, Nashrullah
title	QCM-based sensor for the determination of mango ripeness
title_short	QCM-based sensor for the determination of mango ripeness
title_full	QCM-based sensor for the determination of mango ripeness
title_fullStr	QCM-based sensor for the determination of mango ripeness
title_full_unstemmed	QCM-based sensor for the determination of mango ripeness
title_sort	qcm-based sensor for the determination of mango ripeness
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP)
granting_department	School of Computer and Communication Engineering
url	http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/31297/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/31297/2/Full%20text.pdf
_version_	1747836790202433536

QCM-based sensor for the determination of mango ripeness

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