Sistem pengklasifikasian pintar untuk jenis parasit malaria
Malaria adalah disebabkan oleh parasit protozoa daripada genus plasmodium. Tanda-tanda jangkitan yang biasa termasuklah demam, menggigil, sakit otot dan sakit kepala. Pada masa kini, dua kaedah diagnosis secara manual oleh pakar mikrobiologi dipraktikkan ke atas sampel palitan darah nipis bagi menge...
Saved in:
id |
my-unimap-40856 |
---|---|
record_format |
uketd_dc |
spelling |
my-unimap-408562016-02-04T04:29:55Z Sistem pengklasifikasian pintar untuk jenis parasit malaria Siti Nurul Aqmariah, Kanafiah Malaria adalah disebabkan oleh parasit protozoa daripada genus plasmodium. Tanda-tanda jangkitan yang biasa termasuklah demam, menggigil, sakit otot dan sakit kepala. Pada masa kini, dua kaedah diagnosis secara manual oleh pakar mikrobiologi dipraktikkan ke atas sampel palitan darah nipis bagi mengenalpasti jenis-jenis parasit malaria, iaitu kaedah mikroskopik dan tanpamikroskopik. Namun, terdapat kelemahan pada kedua-dua kaedah ini seperti ia hanya boleh dijalankan oleh pakar mikrobiologi sahaja disebabkan oleh proses mentafsir dan menilai slaid palitan darah nipis secara tepat memerlukan kemahiran yang tinggi. Justeru, penggunaan sistem pintar berasaskan teknologi pemprosesan imej dan rangkaian neural dibina bagi mengklasifikasikan tiga jenis parasit malaria iaitu Plasmodium falciparum (PF), Plasmodium malariae (PM) dan Plasmodium vivax (PV). Pembangunan sistem pengklasifikasian ini terbahagi kepada tiga peringkat utama. Pada peringkat pertama, proses peruasan diimplemenkan ke atas imej palitan darah nipis yang terbahagi kepada dua fasa. Pada Fasa 1, peruasan tertumpu kepada peruasan sel darah merah (SDM) dan latar belakang imej dengan menggunakan gabungan teknik kaedah Otsu, pengisian lubang dan pengecutan artifak. Pada Fasa 2, algoritma pembentukan sel berasaskan jejari (RCF) direkabentuk, khusus bagi mengasingkan SDM bertindih kepada SDM tunggal yang terbukti mampu mengekalkan saiz dan bentuk setiap SDM tunggal yang dipisahkan. Kemudian, teknik pengambangan diaplikasikan bagi meruas imej kepada dua ruas iaitu parasit malaria dan SDM. Pada peringkat kedua, proses pengekstrakan ciri dilaksanakan iaitu pengiraan saiz SDM dan penentuan bentuk parasit malaria menggunakan teknik momen Hu. 15 ciri telah berjaya diekstrak iaitu nisbah saiz SDM yang dijangkiti terhadap SDM normal, 7 ciri momen Hu berasaskan saiz dan 7 ciri momen Hu berasaskan perimeter. Pada peringkat terakhir, semua ciri tersebut digunakan sebagai data masukan kepada rangkaian neural MLP untuk tujuan proses pengklasifikasian. Dengan menggunakan rangkaian neural MLP yang dilatih menggunakan algoritma pembelajaran aturan Bayesian, prestasi sistem yang dibina adalah 99.68% pada fasa latihan dan 99.52% pada fasa ujian. Oleh itu, dapat disimpulkan bahawa sistem yang dicadangkan berkeupayaan tinggi dan sesuai digunakan untuk pengklasifikasian jenis-jenis parasit malaria. Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) 2012 Thesis other http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/40856 http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40856/1/Page%201-24.pdf 4958deb86867ff27f3e6c69f0bf1b07e http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40856/2/Full%20text.pdf df8c1b7a6c3da096ee9ed82cde8a78ba http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40856/3/license.txt 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 Malaria Protozoa Genus plasmodium Parasit Malaria Sistem Pengklasifikasian Pintar Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Mekatronik |
institution |
Universiti Malaysia Perlis |
collection |
UniMAP Institutional Repository |
language |
other English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English other English English English English English English English English English English English English English English English |
advisor |
Dr. Rosmaini Ahmad Dr. Sharifah Shahnaz Syed Bakar Prof. Dr. R. Badlishah Ahmad Prof. Dr. R. Badlishah Ahmad Wan Zuki Azman Wan Muhamad Wan Zuki Azman Wan Muhamad Dr Rozyanty Rahman Assoc. Prof. Dr. Supri A. Ghani Dr. Irwana Nainggolan Prof. Dr. Bhuvenesh Rajamony Prof. Dr. Mohd. Yusoff Mashor Dr. Fahmi Muhammad Ridwan Assoc. Prof. Dr. Dachyar Arbain Dr Mohd Nazree Derman Dr. Mohd. Irfan Hatim Mohamed Dzahir Dr. Mohd Abdur Rashid Prof. Dr. Uda Hashim Prof. Dr. Abdul Hamid Adom Dr. Haziah Abdul Hamid Dr Nik Noriman Zulkepli Dr. Mohd Nazree Derman Prof. Dr. Ali Yeon Md Shakaff Dato' Prof. Dr. Kamarudin Hussin Assoc. Prof. Dr. Supri A. Ghani Prof. Dr. Harbant Singh Prof. Dr. Abdul Hamid Adom Assoc. Prof. Dr. Supri A Ghani Prof. Dr. Syed Alwee Aljunid Syed Junid Prof. Dr. Paulraj M P Mohd Zamzuri Mohammad Zain Dr. Mohd Asri Selamat Dr. Mohd Nazree Derman Dr. Yeoh Cheow Keat Dr. Kamran Fakhar Assoc. Prof. Dr. Supri A. Ghani Prof. Dr. R. Badlishah Ahmad Prof. Dr. Khairul Nizar Nur Liyana Tajul Lile Prof. Dr. Kamarudin Hussin Prof. Dr. Shamsul Baharin Jamaludin Prof. Dr. Syed Alwee Aljunid Syed Junid Mohd. Arif Anuar Mohd. Salleh Prof. Dr. Mohdd Yusoff Mashor Dr. Mohd Fareq Abd Malek Prof. Dr. Sazali Yaacob Dr. Samila Mat Zali Dr. Shahriman Abu Bakar Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd Salleh Prof. Dr. Syed Alwee Aljunid Syed Junid Dr. Samila Mat Zali Prof. Dr. Syed Alwee Al Junid Tunku Muhammad Nizar Tunku Mansur Prof. Dr. Ismail Daut |
topic |
Malaria Protozoa Genus plasmodium Parasit Malaria Sistem Pengklasifikasian Pintar Inverter DC-AC inverters Inverter -- Design and construction Power supply Voltage conversion Discrete Hartley Transform (DHT) OFDM OFDM modulator System performance Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) Thin films Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) thin film Sol-gel method BST solution Roadside safety barrier Safety barrier Accidents -- Prevention Numerical simulation Simulation test Harmonic suppression Rectenna system Wireless power harvesting system Self-harmonic suppression rectenna Harmonic Gait analysis MEMS technology Sensor Shoe integrated instrumentation Gait analysis measurement Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIP) Harumanis Mango volatiles Sensor array Detection Ripeness Ascorbic acid Citrus grandis Phosphate Nitrate Sucrose Home telecare Medical decision support system (DSS) Machine learning analysis Patient data Robots Robot design Robotics Human and senses Carbon nanomaterials Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) Helical Carbon Nanofibers (HCNFs) Vapor deposition Liquid adsorption Telecommunication networks Power system Solar/wind energy Remote telecommuncation station Pittman 8692 DC motor DC motor position control system Malaria Fiber glass composite Hovercraft Hovercraft hull Fibre glass reinforced plastic Wheelchair design Robotics Robots Sensor technology Autonomous luggage robot model system Gesture recognition Multimodal recognition system Interaction tools Human computer interaction Production machine Machine Preventive Maintenance (PM) Production machine -- Analysis Production machine -- Design and construction Polymer SU-8 polymer Pyrolysis SU-8 polymer -- Analysis SU-8 Solar system Solar power supply and management Solar power supply Power supply Embedded Linux system Data Acquisition System (DAS) Embedded Data Acquisition System Data acquisition ARM9 GNU/Linux (RDAS) Human phalanx bone Bone fracture Crack interaction limit (CIL) Stress shielding induced Numerical simulation Human femur bone Stress amplification induced Human femur bone -- Crack interaction Polyester composite Hybrid kenaf-glass fiber Kenaf Composites Composites Recycled high density polyethylene/ bentonite (RHDPE/Bentonite) Recycled high density polyethylene/ bentonite (RHDPE/Bentonite) -- Analysis Coupling agent Bentonite Chitosan sensor (CS) Chitosanroselle sensors (CRSs) Thin film sensor Thin film Sensors Chitosan Welding process MIG welding process Welding Aluminum Mild Steel Stainless steel Tuberculosis (TB) Infectious disease Tuberculosis Diagnostic System Sputum specimen Tuberculosis detection Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) Dyes Wastewater treatment Biological treatment Dyes removal Dyes and dyeing -- Waste disposal Anti-diabetic Biosensor Herbal plants Diabetes Biosensor -- Design and construction Hybrid activation system Aluminium Aluminium sacrificial anode Marine applications Microdialysis Microdialysis probes Microdialysis probes -- Design Mass transport Photovoltaic cell Photovoltaic Photovoltaic cell -- Heat improvement Solar cell Solar energy Nanotechnology Cadmium sulfide Optoelectronic applications Semiconductor materials Electronic nose Agriculture uses Electronic Nose System Odour Sensor Mechanically switched capacitor with damping network (MSCDN) Power systems Reactive power compensation Design of MSCDN Transient study SBR Recycled CR Styrene butadiene rubber Rubber Waste materials Electrochemical anodization Aluminum Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) Aanodization AAO films Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) Agriculture uses Sensor Wireless sensor Energy consumption Data transmission Palm slag Industrial solid waste Brake pad Composites Brake pad -- Design and construction Chicken feather fiber (CFF) Tyre dust (TD) Recycled high density polyethylene (RHDPE) Polymer composites Thermoplastics Fillers Composites Fungal Fungicides Plant diseases Pos-harvest diseases Kaolin geopolymers Kaolin Geopolymerization Geopolymers Swarming algorithm Mobile robots Swarming robots Swarm robotics Robotics Tyre dust (TD) Composites Recycled high density polyethylene (r-HDPE) Polymer blends Polymer composites Compatiblizer Optical communication Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) Codes Subcarrier multiplexed OCDMA system Subcarrier Multiplexing (SCM) Hypoacusis Sensory disability Auditory Hearing ability system Somatosensory stimuli Microwave sintering Microwave sintered composites Composites Iron–chromium Powder metallurgy Metal matrix composites BaTiO3 pellets Barium titanate Thin films Solid state syntheses Titanium dioxide Barium carbonate Transonic flow Non-linear equations Lie group Infinitesimal transformation Finite transformation group Invariance Composites Recycled high density polyethylene (RHDPE) Chicken feather fiber (CFF) Natural rubber (NR) Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPEs) Recycled plastic Chattering effects Sliding mode controller (SMC) Variable structure control system (VSCS) Novel controller Algorithms Chattering Free space optical communication Optical communication technology Modulation technique Diffuser Free space optical (FSO) Fuzzy logic controller Satellite technology Satellite attitude control system Attitude control system (ACS) Innovative Satellite (InnoSAT) Controller Body-centric Wireless Communication (BCWC) Antennas Radio frequency Wireless body area network (WBAN) Textile-based antenna Multi-hop relay Cellular networks Relay Node (RN) Relays Long Term Evaluation - Advanced (LTE-A) Stress levels computation Stress Multiple physiological signals Fusion technique Dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) Current transformer Transformers Harmonic distortion Electric transformers Alloys Magnesium Navo₃ concentration Anodizing AZ91D magnesium alloy Sodium metavanadate (NaVO₃) UWB antenna Breast cancer Antennas Ultra wideband (UWB) Breast cancer detection Cataract Phacoemulsification Virtual reality simulator Virtual reality simulator -- Design and construction Cataract surgery High voltage shunt reactor Reactive power control Shunt reactor Transmission system Controlled switching Wireless body area network (WBAN) Antennas Beam-switchable textile antenna Beam-switchable antenna Wearable antenna Extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) High-volume manufacturing (HVM) Integrated circuit (IC) Nanotechnology Source target Bulk nanoporous Quad-rotor Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) Rotorcraft Quadrotor UAV Control system Stress Neurometric acute Electroencephalography (EEG) Eustress Distress Low altitude platform Communication network Natural disasters Disaster area Vehicle identification Neural network Acoustic sound signal Artificial Neural Network DNA immobilization Nitric acid oxidation Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) Carbon nanotubes DNA biosensor application Mushroom spent medium (MSM) Agricultural waste Alternative glucose source Glucose production Spent rubberwood sawdust Pretreatment Sodium hydroxide Radar systems Radar waveform Signal processing Pulse train Radar signals Reliability analysis Weibull distribution Reliability Failure Manufacturing industry Breakdown Weibull Direct current Noise Electric transformers -- Design and construction Electric transformers Transformers Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) Algorithm Object extraction Multiple Consecutive Frames Camera motion Interlayer mixing Lithium batteries Cathode materials Lithium ion batteries Digital signal processing Visually evoked potentials (VEP) Healthy controls Detection Visual impairment Light emitting diode (LED) Solar light emitting diode (LED) -- Design and construction Sensor Light sensor Solar street lightings Solar energy Vehicle detection Automatic speech recognition (ASR) Automatic accent classification English language Algorithms obustness analysis Mobile WiMAX Wireless communication systems Downlink resources Downlink subframe Effective Microorganism (EM Wastewater treatment Mudball Microorganisms mudball EM mudball Helicobacter pylori Malaria Malaria Recombinant urease Metakaolin Geopolymerization Geopolymers Metakaolin geopolymeric powder Material identification Modal parameters Vibration Modal analysis Materials parameters excitation Artificial intelligence techniques Geopolimer Abu terbang Geopolymers Pozzolan Konkrit Palm ash Brake pad Waste materials Braking system Brake pad -- Design and construction Code division multiple access (CDMA) Fiber optic communication systems Flexible Cross Correlation (FCC) Optical CDMA (OCDMA) Multiple access interference Thermal phenomena Material removal EDM Electrical discharge machining (EDM) Micro EDM Solders Solder and solderingSolder and soldering Lead-Free Solder Powder metallurgy Composite solder Tuberculosis diagnosis Tuberculosis (TB) Hybrid multilayered perceptron (HMLP) network Image processing Microwave absorbers Waste materials Absorption Absorbers Rice husk (RH) Scrap rubber (SR) Infant pain recognition system Pains Newborn babies Normalization method Face recognition Detection of facial changes Distributed generation (DG) Distribution Network Cell (DNC) Power systems System identification Digital artery disease Microvascular vein grafting Fluid mechanics Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) Reverse Saphenous Vein Graft (RSVG) Intermetallic compound (IMC) Composite Intermetallic Solder and soldering Wireless sensor actor network Agricultural application Artificial intelligence Intelligent control system Sensor Distribution Network Cell (DNC) Artificial intelligence Distributed generation (DG) Power systems Biceps brachii Electromyography (EMG) EMG Muscle contraction Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) SAC-OCDMA system SAC-OCDMA system -- Analysis Detection technique Spectral Amplitude Coding OCDMA (SAC-OCDMA) Converters Renewable energy PID controller DC-DC converter Solar system Hybrid wind turbine Savonius Darrieus Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) Wind energy |
spellingShingle |
Malaria Protozoa Genus plasmodium Parasit Malaria Sistem Pengklasifikasian Pintar Inverter DC-AC inverters Inverter -- Design and construction Power supply Voltage conversion Discrete Hartley Transform (DHT) OFDM OFDM modulator System performance Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) Thin films Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) thin film Sol-gel method BST solution Roadside safety barrier Safety barrier Accidents -- Prevention Numerical simulation Simulation test Harmonic suppression Rectenna system Wireless power harvesting system Self-harmonic suppression rectenna Harmonic Gait analysis MEMS technology Sensor Shoe integrated instrumentation Gait analysis measurement Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIP) Harumanis Mango volatiles Sensor array Detection Ripeness Ascorbic acid Citrus grandis Phosphate Nitrate Sucrose Home telecare Medical decision support system (DSS) Machine learning analysis Patient data Robots Robot design Robotics Human and senses Carbon nanomaterials Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) Helical Carbon Nanofibers (HCNFs) Vapor deposition Liquid adsorption Telecommunication networks Power system Solar/wind energy Remote telecommuncation station Pittman 8692 DC motor DC motor position control system Malaria Fiber glass composite Hovercraft Hovercraft hull Fibre glass reinforced plastic Wheelchair design Robotics Robots Sensor technology Autonomous luggage robot model system Gesture recognition Multimodal recognition system Interaction tools Human computer interaction Production machine Machine Preventive Maintenance (PM) Production machine -- Analysis Production machine -- Design and construction Polymer SU-8 polymer Pyrolysis SU-8 polymer -- Analysis SU-8 Solar system Solar power supply and management Solar power supply Power supply Embedded Linux system Data Acquisition System (DAS) Embedded Data Acquisition System Data acquisition ARM9 GNU/Linux (RDAS) Human phalanx bone Bone fracture Crack interaction limit (CIL) Stress shielding induced Numerical simulation Human femur bone Stress amplification induced Human femur bone -- Crack interaction Polyester composite Hybrid kenaf-glass fiber Kenaf Composites Composites Recycled high density polyethylene/ bentonite (RHDPE/Bentonite) Recycled high density polyethylene/ bentonite (RHDPE/Bentonite) -- Analysis Coupling agent Bentonite Chitosan sensor (CS) Chitosanroselle sensors (CRSs) Thin film sensor Thin film Sensors Chitosan Welding process MIG welding process Welding Aluminum Mild Steel Stainless steel Tuberculosis (TB) Infectious disease Tuberculosis Diagnostic System Sputum specimen Tuberculosis detection Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) Dyes Wastewater treatment Biological treatment Dyes removal Dyes and dyeing -- Waste disposal Anti-diabetic Biosensor Herbal plants Diabetes Biosensor -- Design and construction Hybrid activation system Aluminium Aluminium sacrificial anode Marine applications Microdialysis Microdialysis probes Microdialysis probes -- Design Mass transport Photovoltaic cell Photovoltaic Photovoltaic cell -- Heat improvement Solar cell Solar energy Nanotechnology Cadmium sulfide Optoelectronic applications Semiconductor materials Electronic nose Agriculture uses Electronic Nose System Odour Sensor Mechanically switched capacitor with damping network (MSCDN) Power systems Reactive power compensation Design of MSCDN Transient study SBR Recycled CR Styrene butadiene rubber Rubber Waste materials Electrochemical anodization Aluminum Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) Aanodization AAO films Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) Agriculture uses Sensor Wireless sensor Energy consumption Data transmission Palm slag Industrial solid waste Brake pad Composites Brake pad -- Design and construction Chicken feather fiber (CFF) Tyre dust (TD) Recycled high density polyethylene (RHDPE) Polymer composites Thermoplastics Fillers Composites Fungal Fungicides Plant diseases Pos-harvest diseases Kaolin geopolymers Kaolin Geopolymerization Geopolymers Swarming algorithm Mobile robots Swarming robots Swarm robotics Robotics Tyre dust (TD) Composites Recycled high density polyethylene (r-HDPE) Polymer blends Polymer composites Compatiblizer Optical communication Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) Codes Subcarrier multiplexed OCDMA system Subcarrier Multiplexing (SCM) Hypoacusis Sensory disability Auditory Hearing ability system Somatosensory stimuli Microwave sintering Microwave sintered composites Composites Iron–chromium Powder metallurgy Metal matrix composites BaTiO3 pellets Barium titanate Thin films Solid state syntheses Titanium dioxide Barium carbonate Transonic flow Non-linear equations Lie group Infinitesimal transformation Finite transformation group Invariance Composites Recycled high density polyethylene (RHDPE) Chicken feather fiber (CFF) Natural rubber (NR) Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPEs) Recycled plastic Chattering effects Sliding mode controller (SMC) Variable structure control system (VSCS) Novel controller Algorithms Chattering Free space optical communication Optical communication technology Modulation technique Diffuser Free space optical (FSO) Fuzzy logic controller Satellite technology Satellite attitude control system Attitude control system (ACS) Innovative Satellite (InnoSAT) Controller Body-centric Wireless Communication (BCWC) Antennas Radio frequency Wireless body area network (WBAN) Textile-based antenna Multi-hop relay Cellular networks Relay Node (RN) Relays Long Term Evaluation - Advanced (LTE-A) Stress levels computation Stress Multiple physiological signals Fusion technique Dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) Current transformer Transformers Harmonic distortion Electric transformers Alloys Magnesium Navo₃ concentration Anodizing AZ91D magnesium alloy Sodium metavanadate (NaVO₃) UWB antenna Breast cancer Antennas Ultra wideband (UWB) Breast cancer detection Cataract Phacoemulsification Virtual reality simulator Virtual reality simulator -- Design and construction Cataract surgery High voltage shunt reactor Reactive power control Shunt reactor Transmission system Controlled switching Wireless body area network (WBAN) Antennas Beam-switchable textile antenna Beam-switchable antenna Wearable antenna Extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) High-volume manufacturing (HVM) Integrated circuit (IC) Nanotechnology Source target Bulk nanoporous Quad-rotor Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) Rotorcraft Quadrotor UAV Control system Stress Neurometric acute Electroencephalography (EEG) Eustress Distress Low altitude platform Communication network Natural disasters Disaster area Vehicle identification Neural network Acoustic sound signal Artificial Neural Network DNA immobilization Nitric acid oxidation Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) Carbon nanotubes DNA biosensor application Mushroom spent medium (MSM) Agricultural waste Alternative glucose source Glucose production Spent rubberwood sawdust Pretreatment Sodium hydroxide Radar systems Radar waveform Signal processing Pulse train Radar signals Reliability analysis Weibull distribution Reliability Failure Manufacturing industry Breakdown Weibull Direct current Noise Electric transformers -- Design and construction Electric transformers Transformers Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) Algorithm Object extraction Multiple Consecutive Frames Camera motion Interlayer mixing Lithium batteries Cathode materials Lithium ion batteries Digital signal processing Visually evoked potentials (VEP) Healthy controls Detection Visual impairment Light emitting diode (LED) Solar light emitting diode (LED) -- Design and construction Sensor Light sensor Solar street lightings Solar energy Vehicle detection Automatic speech recognition (ASR) Automatic accent classification English language Algorithms obustness analysis Mobile WiMAX Wireless communication systems Downlink resources Downlink subframe Effective Microorganism (EM Wastewater treatment Mudball Microorganisms mudball EM mudball Helicobacter pylori Malaria Malaria Recombinant urease Metakaolin Geopolymerization Geopolymers Metakaolin geopolymeric powder Material identification Modal parameters Vibration Modal analysis Materials parameters excitation Artificial intelligence techniques Geopolimer Abu terbang Geopolymers Pozzolan Konkrit Palm ash Brake pad Waste materials Braking system Brake pad -- Design and construction Code division multiple access (CDMA) Fiber optic communication systems Flexible Cross Correlation (FCC) Optical CDMA (OCDMA) Multiple access interference Thermal phenomena Material removal EDM Electrical discharge machining (EDM) Micro EDM Solders Solder and solderingSolder and soldering Lead-Free Solder Powder metallurgy Composite solder Tuberculosis diagnosis Tuberculosis (TB) Hybrid multilayered perceptron (HMLP) network Image processing Microwave absorbers Waste materials Absorption Absorbers Rice husk (RH) Scrap rubber (SR) Infant pain recognition system Pains Newborn babies Normalization method Face recognition Detection of facial changes Distributed generation (DG) Distribution Network Cell (DNC) Power systems System identification Digital artery disease Microvascular vein grafting Fluid mechanics Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) Reverse Saphenous Vein Graft (RSVG) Intermetallic compound (IMC) Composite Intermetallic Solder and soldering Wireless sensor actor network Agricultural application Artificial intelligence Intelligent control system Sensor Distribution Network Cell (DNC) Artificial intelligence Distributed generation (DG) Power systems Biceps brachii Electromyography (EMG) EMG Muscle contraction Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) SAC-OCDMA system SAC-OCDMA system -- Analysis Detection technique Spectral Amplitude Coding OCDMA (SAC-OCDMA) Converters Renewable energy PID controller DC-DC converter Solar system Hybrid wind turbine Savonius Darrieus Vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) Wind energy Siti Nurul Aqmariah, Kanafiah Nur Fairuz, Mohamed Yusof Zakaria, Sembiring Ruhaizi, Mohd Hatta Rahmad Paruhum, Nasution Rosemizi, Abd Rahim Norantanum, Abu Bakar Nurul Maisyarah, Samsudin Nor Alina, Nazri Mohd Hanafi, Mat Som Shahriman, Abu Bakar Norzilah, Abdul Halif Nor Hanisah, Baharudin Noor Haqkimi, Abd Rahman Muhammad Aiman, Ahmad Fozi Muhamad Sani, Mustafa Ku Nurul Fazira, Ku Azir Nur Hazirah, Sa'ari Waled Ashor, M. Galy Zahraa, Ali Khadim Alaa Abdalhussain, Mashkor Siti Aisyah, Abdul Halim Noor Alia, Md Zain Nor Azian, Mohamad Muhammad Anas, Husnan Halimatussa'adiah, Adnan Nik Nur Fatihah, Che Hassan Rafikha Aliana, A. Raof Che Zulzikrami Azner, Abidin Md. Mohiuddin Mohd Subhi, Din Yati Siti Kartini, Enche Ab Rahim Abdulkareem, Naser Mahmood Abdulwahab Salem, Z. Lahewil Abu Hassan, Abdullah Adel Mohamed, Saleh Handi Ahmad Azrem, Azmi Alaba Oladeji, Araoyinbo Azizi, Harun Che Mohd Ruzaidi, Ghazali Emy Aizat, Azimi Ghassan Faris, Atiyah Heah, Cheng Yong Humairah, Mansor Ikmal Hakem, A.Aziz Junita, Mohd Nordin Kamalraj, Subramaniam Marina, Marzuki Meor Ahmad Faris, Meor Ahmad Tajudin Mohammad Huskhazrin, Kharuddin Mohammed Izzuddeen, Mohd Yazid Ali Amer, Ahmed Abdul Rahman, Kram Fatimatul Anis, Bakri Hasliza, A. Rahim@Samsuddin Jaafar Adhab, Angood Karthikeyan, Palanisamy Khairul Anuar, Mohd Nor Khalid Azadi, Mat Akhir Khondker Jahid, Reza Lam, Chee Kiang Mazyed Awan Ahmed, Al-Tak Mohd Ilman, Jais Mohd Lutfi, Ahmad Shahar Muhammad Hassan, Tanveer Saidatul Ardeenawatie, Awang Satea Hikmat, Aboud Alnajjar Sathishkumar, Sundararaj Shahidah Arina, Shamsuddin Siti Aminah, Mohd Hassan Siti Julia, Rosli Suhaireza, Md Esa Syafruddin, Hasan Syaimaa' Solehah, Mohd Radzi Tan, Tze Qing Vikneswaran, Vijean Wan Mohd Faizal, Wan Nik Yusnita, Mohd Ali Zaid Ghanim Ali, Al-Aqeedi Zarina, Zawawi Che Wan Sharifah Robiah, Mohamad Liew, Yun Ming Mohd Hilman, Mohd Akil Tan Mohd Mustafa, Al Bakri Abdullah Mohd Radzi, Ali Mohd Rashidi, Che Beson Mohd Zahiruddin, Md. Zain Muhammad Hafiz, Zan @ Hazizi Muhammad Khusairi, Osman Muhammad Nadeem, Iqbal Muhammad Naufal, Mansor Muhammad Syahiran, Omar Muhd Nur Rahman, Yahya Najib Saedi, Ibrahim Naseer Sabri, Salim Noor Fazliana, Fadzail Nizam Uddin, Ahamed Norazimah, Mat Zain Nurul Husna, Abd Wahab Nurul Razliana, Abd Razak Sistem pengklasifikasian pintar untuk jenis parasit malaria |
description |
Malaria adalah disebabkan oleh parasit protozoa daripada genus plasmodium. Tanda-tanda jangkitan yang biasa termasuklah demam, menggigil, sakit otot dan sakit kepala. Pada masa kini, dua kaedah diagnosis secara manual oleh pakar mikrobiologi dipraktikkan ke atas sampel palitan darah nipis bagi mengenalpasti jenis-jenis parasit malaria, iaitu kaedah mikroskopik dan tanpamikroskopik. Namun, terdapat kelemahan pada kedua-dua kaedah ini seperti ia hanya boleh dijalankan oleh pakar mikrobiologi sahaja disebabkan oleh proses
mentafsir dan menilai slaid palitan darah nipis secara tepat memerlukan kemahiran
yang tinggi. Justeru, penggunaan sistem pintar berasaskan teknologi pemprosesan
imej dan rangkaian neural dibina bagi mengklasifikasikan tiga jenis parasit malaria
iaitu Plasmodium falciparum (PF), Plasmodium malariae (PM) dan Plasmodium
vivax (PV). Pembangunan sistem pengklasifikasian ini terbahagi kepada tiga
peringkat utama. Pada peringkat pertama, proses peruasan diimplemenkan ke atas
imej palitan darah nipis yang terbahagi kepada dua fasa. Pada Fasa 1, peruasan
tertumpu kepada peruasan sel darah merah (SDM) dan latar belakang imej dengan
menggunakan gabungan teknik kaedah Otsu, pengisian lubang dan pengecutan
artifak. Pada Fasa 2, algoritma pembentukan sel berasaskan jejari (RCF)
direkabentuk, khusus bagi mengasingkan SDM bertindih kepada SDM tunggal yang
terbukti mampu mengekalkan saiz dan bentuk setiap SDM tunggal yang dipisahkan.
Kemudian, teknik pengambangan diaplikasikan bagi meruas imej kepada dua ruas
iaitu parasit malaria dan SDM. Pada peringkat kedua, proses pengekstrakan ciri dilaksanakan iaitu pengiraan saiz SDM dan penentuan bentuk parasit malaria
menggunakan teknik momen Hu. 15 ciri telah berjaya diekstrak iaitu nisbah saiz
SDM yang dijangkiti terhadap SDM normal, 7 ciri momen Hu berasaskan saiz dan 7
ciri momen Hu berasaskan perimeter. Pada peringkat terakhir, semua ciri tersebut
digunakan sebagai data masukan kepada rangkaian neural MLP untuk tujuan proses
pengklasifikasian. Dengan menggunakan rangkaian neural MLP yang dilatih
menggunakan algoritma pembelajaran aturan Bayesian, prestasi sistem yang dibina
adalah 99.68% pada fasa latihan dan 99.52% pada fasa ujian. Oleh itu, dapat
disimpulkan bahawa sistem yang dicadangkan berkeupayaan tinggi dan sesuai
digunakan untuk pengklasifikasian jenis-jenis parasit malaria. |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Siti Nurul Aqmariah, Kanafiah Nur Fairuz, Mohamed Yusof Zakaria, Sembiring Ruhaizi, Mohd Hatta Rahmad Paruhum, Nasution Rosemizi, Abd Rahim Norantanum, Abu Bakar Nurul Maisyarah, Samsudin Nor Alina, Nazri Mohd Hanafi, Mat Som Shahriman, Abu Bakar Norzilah, Abdul Halif Nor Hanisah, Baharudin Noor Haqkimi, Abd Rahman Muhammad Aiman, Ahmad Fozi Muhamad Sani, Mustafa Ku Nurul Fazira, Ku Azir Nur Hazirah, Sa'ari Waled Ashor, M. Galy Zahraa, Ali Khadim Alaa Abdalhussain, Mashkor Siti Aisyah, Abdul Halim Noor Alia, Md Zain Nor Azian, Mohamad Muhammad Anas, Husnan Halimatussa'adiah, Adnan Nik Nur Fatihah, Che Hassan Rafikha Aliana, A. Raof Che Zulzikrami Azner, Abidin Md. Mohiuddin Mohd Subhi, Din Yati Siti Kartini, Enche Ab Rahim Abdulkareem, Naser Mahmood Abdulwahab Salem, Z. Lahewil Abu Hassan, Abdullah Adel Mohamed, Saleh Handi Ahmad Azrem, Azmi Alaba Oladeji, Araoyinbo Azizi, Harun Che Mohd Ruzaidi, Ghazali Emy Aizat, Azimi Ghassan Faris, Atiyah Heah, Cheng Yong Humairah, Mansor Ikmal Hakem, A.Aziz Junita, Mohd Nordin Kamalraj, Subramaniam Marina, Marzuki Meor Ahmad Faris, Meor Ahmad Tajudin Mohammad Huskhazrin, Kharuddin Mohammed Izzuddeen, Mohd Yazid Ali Amer, Ahmed Abdul Rahman, Kram Fatimatul Anis, Bakri Hasliza, A. Rahim@Samsuddin Jaafar Adhab, Angood Karthikeyan, Palanisamy Khairul Anuar, Mohd Nor Khalid Azadi, Mat Akhir Khondker Jahid, Reza Lam, Chee Kiang Mazyed Awan Ahmed, Al-Tak Mohd Ilman, Jais Mohd Lutfi, Ahmad Shahar Muhammad Hassan, Tanveer Saidatul Ardeenawatie, Awang Satea Hikmat, Aboud Alnajjar Sathishkumar, Sundararaj Shahidah Arina, Shamsuddin Siti Aminah, Mohd Hassan Siti Julia, Rosli Suhaireza, Md Esa Syafruddin, Hasan Syaimaa' Solehah, Mohd Radzi Tan, Tze Qing Vikneswaran, Vijean Wan Mohd Faizal, Wan Nik Yusnita, Mohd Ali Zaid Ghanim Ali, Al-Aqeedi Zarina, Zawawi Che Wan Sharifah Robiah, Mohamad Liew, Yun Ming Mohd Hilman, Mohd Akil Tan Mohd Mustafa, Al Bakri Abdullah Mohd Radzi, Ali Mohd Rashidi, Che Beson Mohd Zahiruddin, Md. Zain Muhammad Hafiz, Zan @ Hazizi Muhammad Khusairi, Osman Muhammad Nadeem, Iqbal Muhammad Naufal, Mansor Muhammad Syahiran, Omar Muhd Nur Rahman, Yahya Najib Saedi, Ibrahim Naseer Sabri, Salim Noor Fazliana, Fadzail Nizam Uddin, Ahamed Norazimah, Mat Zain Nurul Husna, Abd Wahab Nurul Razliana, Abd Razak |
author_facet |
Siti Nurul Aqmariah, Kanafiah Nur Fairuz, Mohamed Yusof Zakaria, Sembiring Ruhaizi, Mohd Hatta Rahmad Paruhum, Nasution Rosemizi, Abd Rahim Norantanum, Abu Bakar Nurul Maisyarah, Samsudin Nor Alina, Nazri Mohd Hanafi, Mat Som Shahriman, Abu Bakar Norzilah, Abdul Halif Nor Hanisah, Baharudin Noor Haqkimi, Abd Rahman Muhammad Aiman, Ahmad Fozi Muhamad Sani, Mustafa Ku Nurul Fazira, Ku Azir Nur Hazirah, Sa'ari Waled Ashor, M. Galy Zahraa, Ali Khadim Alaa Abdalhussain, Mashkor Siti Aisyah, Abdul Halim Noor Alia, Md Zain Nor Azian, Mohamad Muhammad Anas, Husnan Halimatussa'adiah, Adnan Nik Nur Fatihah, Che Hassan Rafikha Aliana, A. Raof Che Zulzikrami Azner, Abidin Md. Mohiuddin Mohd Subhi, Din Yati Siti Kartini, Enche Ab Rahim Abdulkareem, Naser Mahmood Abdulwahab Salem, Z. Lahewil Abu Hassan, Abdullah Adel Mohamed, Saleh Handi Ahmad Azrem, Azmi Alaba Oladeji, Araoyinbo Azizi, Harun Che Mohd Ruzaidi, Ghazali Emy Aizat, Azimi Ghassan Faris, Atiyah Heah, Cheng Yong Humairah, Mansor Ikmal Hakem, A.Aziz Junita, Mohd Nordin Kamalraj, Subramaniam Marina, Marzuki Meor Ahmad Faris, Meor Ahmad Tajudin Mohammad Huskhazrin, Kharuddin Mohammed Izzuddeen, Mohd Yazid Ali Amer, Ahmed Abdul Rahman, Kram Fatimatul Anis, Bakri Hasliza, A. Rahim@Samsuddin Jaafar Adhab, Angood Karthikeyan, Palanisamy Khairul Anuar, Mohd Nor Khalid Azadi, Mat Akhir Khondker Jahid, Reza Lam, Chee Kiang Mazyed Awan Ahmed, Al-Tak Mohd Ilman, Jais Mohd Lutfi, Ahmad Shahar Muhammad Hassan, Tanveer Saidatul Ardeenawatie, Awang Satea Hikmat, Aboud Alnajjar Sathishkumar, Sundararaj Shahidah Arina, Shamsuddin Siti Aminah, Mohd Hassan Siti Julia, Rosli Suhaireza, Md Esa Syafruddin, Hasan Syaimaa' Solehah, Mohd Radzi Tan, Tze Qing Vikneswaran, Vijean Wan Mohd Faizal, Wan Nik Yusnita, Mohd Ali Zaid Ghanim Ali, Al-Aqeedi Zarina, Zawawi Che Wan Sharifah Robiah, Mohamad Liew, Yun Ming Mohd Hilman, Mohd Akil Tan Mohd Mustafa, Al Bakri Abdullah Mohd Radzi, Ali Mohd Rashidi, Che Beson Mohd Zahiruddin, Md. Zain Muhammad Hafiz, Zan @ Hazizi Muhammad Khusairi, Osman Muhammad Nadeem, Iqbal Muhammad Naufal, Mansor Muhammad Syahiran, Omar Muhd Nur Rahman, Yahya Najib Saedi, Ibrahim Naseer Sabri, Salim Noor Fazliana, Fadzail Nizam Uddin, Ahamed Norazimah, Mat Zain Nurul Husna, Abd Wahab Nurul Razliana, Abd Razak |
author_sort |
Siti Nurul Aqmariah, Kanafiah |
title |
Sistem pengklasifikasian pintar untuk jenis parasit malaria |
title_short |
Sistem pengklasifikasian pintar untuk jenis parasit malaria |
title_full |
Sistem pengklasifikasian pintar untuk jenis parasit malaria |
title_fullStr |
Sistem pengklasifikasian pintar untuk jenis parasit malaria |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sistem pengklasifikasian pintar untuk jenis parasit malaria |
title_sort |
sistem pengklasifikasian pintar untuk jenis parasit malaria |
granting_institution |
Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) |
granting_department |
Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Mekatronik |
url |
http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40856/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40856/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/33554/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/33554/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/37163/1/P.%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/37163/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/37162/1/P.%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/37162/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40571/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40571/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40572/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40572/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40600/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40600/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40716/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40716/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40717/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40717/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40858/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40858/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40855/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40855/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40861/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40861/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40857/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40857/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40859/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40859/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40862/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40862/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40863/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40863/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40860/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/40860/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41293/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41293/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41295/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41295/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41296/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41296/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41297/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41297/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41298/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41298/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41292/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41292/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41299/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41299/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41294/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41294/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41303/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41303/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41302/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41302/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41291/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/41291/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42752/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42752/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42886/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42886/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42751/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42751/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42961/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42961/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42879/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42879/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42881/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42881/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42984/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42984/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42962/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42962/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42885/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42885/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42883/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42883/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42963/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42963/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42887/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42887/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42884/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42884/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42882/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42882/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42880/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42880/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42989/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42989/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42965/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42965/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42985/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42985/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42982/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42982/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42992/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42992/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42988/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42988/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42991/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42991/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42987/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42987/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42990/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/42990/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44118/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44118/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44109/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44109/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44115/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44115/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44116/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44116/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44123/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44123/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44128/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44128/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44134/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44134/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44133/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44133/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44124/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44124/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44119/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44119/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44132/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44132/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44125/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44125/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44117/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44117/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44127/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44127/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44108/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44108/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44110/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44110/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44113/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44113/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44112/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44112/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44111/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44111/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44126/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44126/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44114/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44114/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44129/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44129/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44121/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44121/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44135/1/p.%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44135/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44130/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44130/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44131/1/p.%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44131/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44122/1/p.%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44122/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44120/1/p.%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44120/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44263/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44263/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44205/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44205/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44201/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44201/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44195/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44195/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44202/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44202/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44194/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44194/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44264/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44264/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44220/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44220/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44203/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44203/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44197/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44197/2/full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44196/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44196/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44199/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44199/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44198/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44198/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44267/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44267/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44265/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44265/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44259/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44259/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44266/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44266/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44302/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44302/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44299/1/P.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44299/2/Full%20Text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44300/1/p.1-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/44300/2/Full%20text.pdf |
_version_ |
1818648527851487232 |