Characterization of nature Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on Nanocrystalline Titanum Dioxide

Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) or ‘Gratzel cell’ is a low-cost solar cell from the thin film family which consists of TiO2 electrode coating, sensitizer from dye molecules soaked in the TiO2 film, a mediator electrolyte layer and a counter electrode. DSSC is designed to reduce cost from the usage...

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Main Author:	Gomesh Nair, Shasidharan
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Subjects:	Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) Gratzel cell Solar cell Titanium Dioxide
Online Access:	http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/59826/1/p.1-24..pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/59826/2/Full%20Text.pdf
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id	my-unimap-59826
record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Malaysia Perlis
collection	UniMAP Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Dr. Muhammad Irwanto
topic	Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) Gratzel cell Solar cell Titanium Dioxide
spellingShingle	Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) Gratzel cell Solar cell Titanium Dioxide Gomesh Nair, Shasidharan Characterization of nature Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on Nanocrystalline Titanum Dioxide
description	Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) or ‘Gratzel cell’ is a low-cost solar cell from the thin film family which consists of TiO2 electrode coating, sensitizer from dye molecules soaked in the TiO2 film, a mediator electrolyte layer and a counter electrode. DSSC is designed to reduce cost from the usage of expensive material as in many conventional solar panels. It is based on a semiconductor formed between a photo-sensitized anode and an electrolyte that forms a photo-electrochemical system. The DSSC is first founded by Michael Gratzel from 1988-1991 using synthetic dye sensitizers from ruthenium based dyes. Fruits, leaves and flowers often display various colors in the form of pigments that can be extracted and use as a dye in DSSC. Most green plants are rich with chlorophyll and anthocyanin pigments which are important component that gives colors to a plant or fruit. Anthocyanins are natural components that mostly give red–purple coloration to fruits and plants, and they have wide light absorbance range wavelengths. This thesis focuses on fabricating dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with anatase and rutile-anatase mixture of titanium dioxide (TiO2) electrode at varied thickness. The electrode is then sensitized with nature based dyes from fruits, plants and flower and finally the investigation on an alternative counter electrode catalytic material from carbon sources. It also revolves around electrical characterization of DSSCs based on open circuit voltage; Voc, short circuit current; Isc, fill factor, FF, solar cell efficiency (η), UV-Vis Absorbance spectra (nm), photon energy (eV), absorption coefficient (σ), overall charge transfer (RCT), series resistance (RS), electron lifetime (τeff), and recombination rate (Keff) and finally to propose an ideal nature based dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on optimum TiO2 nanoparticle crystalline material and electrode film thickness, potential nature dyes and an alternative material as counter electrode towards overall photoelectrical performance. Overall experiments have successfully fabricate a cheap and nature based dye-sensitized solar cell. This thesis proposes on the potentials of 10 μm thickness of rutile-anatase (RA) mixture based TiO2 nanocrystalline particle of 1 to 4 ratio concentration, absorbed into a high concentration anthocyanin from keriang fruit extract purified to solution A and by the use of carbon from battery (BG) as counter electrode with the thickness of 1.16 μm. The implementation of this phase shows higher short circuit current of 6 mA/cm2 with fill factor of 0.68 and an overall solar cell efficiency of 1.24 %. By implementation of this phase, a reduction of overall charge transfer resistance to 130 Ω is observed. As for the electron lifetime, a favorable result is as expected when its lifespan is longer (0.18 s) than the recombination rate (5.49 s-1) which also shows that by the addition of graphite, can suppress electron recombination to the dye or electrolyte. BG thickness of 1.16 μm also provides better conducting pathway for the photo generated electron, thus increasing the current and decreasing the resistance compare to the usage of Pt and other CE graphite thicknesses. The nature based DSSC also shows an economic feasibility compare to conventional DSSC which uses ruthenium (Ru) and platinum (Pt) as counter electrode (CE). By the usage of keriang dye and carbon counter electrode, the cost to fabricate a solar cell in a laboratory scale is RM 306.40 compared to RM 506.67 by conventional substances of Ru and Pt which shows a 40% decrement in cost. For a 1.75 m2 of nature based dye-sensitized solar panel which has an output power of 31.5 W and 3.15 % efficiency, a 1.8 MWp with a 100,000 m2 of PV power generation production is predicted and shows RM 304.45 per nature based DSSP price compare to a 30 W monocrystalline solar cell with lower specs and higher pricing of RM 360.00. This shows that the nature based DSSC not only could provide an adequate amount of solar cell efficiency, but has a good economic base for further mass production of solar panels.
format	Thesis
author	Gomesh Nair, Shasidharan
author_facet	Gomesh Nair, Shasidharan
author_sort	Gomesh Nair, Shasidharan
title	Characterization of nature Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on Nanocrystalline Titanum Dioxide
title_short	Characterization of nature Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on Nanocrystalline Titanum Dioxide
title_full	Characterization of nature Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on Nanocrystalline Titanum Dioxide
title_fullStr	Characterization of nature Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on Nanocrystalline Titanum Dioxide
title_full_unstemmed	Characterization of nature Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on Nanocrystalline Titanum Dioxide
title_sort	characterization of nature dye-sensitized solar cell (dssc) based on nanocrystalline titanum dioxide
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP)
granting_department	School of Electrical System Engineering
url	http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/59826/1/p.1-24..pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/59826/2/Full%20Text.pdf
_version_	1747836839662714880
spelling	my-unimap-598262019-12-05T01:47:39Z Characterization of nature Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on Nanocrystalline Titanum Dioxide Gomesh Nair, Shasidharan Dr. Muhammad Irwanto Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) or ‘Gratzel cell’ is a low-cost solar cell from the thin film family which consists of TiO2 electrode coating, sensitizer from dye molecules soaked in the TiO2 film, a mediator electrolyte layer and a counter electrode. DSSC is designed to reduce cost from the usage of expensive material as in many conventional solar panels. It is based on a semiconductor formed between a photo-sensitized anode and an electrolyte that forms a photo-electrochemical system. The DSSC is first founded by Michael Gratzel from 1988-1991 using synthetic dye sensitizers from ruthenium based dyes. Fruits, leaves and flowers often display various colors in the form of pigments that can be extracted and use as a dye in DSSC. Most green plants are rich with chlorophyll and anthocyanin pigments which are important component that gives colors to a plant or fruit. Anthocyanins are natural components that mostly give red–purple coloration to fruits and plants, and they have wide light absorbance range wavelengths. This thesis focuses on fabricating dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with anatase and rutile-anatase mixture of titanium dioxide (TiO2) electrode at varied thickness. The electrode is then sensitized with nature based dyes from fruits, plants and flower and finally the investigation on an alternative counter electrode catalytic material from carbon sources. It also revolves around electrical characterization of DSSCs based on open circuit voltage; Voc, short circuit current; Isc, fill factor, FF, solar cell efficiency (η), UV-Vis Absorbance spectra (nm), photon energy (eV), absorption coefficient (σ), overall charge transfer (RCT), series resistance (RS), electron lifetime (τeff), and recombination rate (Keff) and finally to propose an ideal nature based dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on optimum TiO2 nanoparticle crystalline material and electrode film thickness, potential nature dyes and an alternative material as counter electrode towards overall photoelectrical performance. Overall experiments have successfully fabricate a cheap and nature based dye-sensitized solar cell. This thesis proposes on the potentials of 10 μm thickness of rutile-anatase (RA) mixture based TiO2 nanocrystalline particle of 1 to 4 ratio concentration, absorbed into a high concentration anthocyanin from keriang fruit extract purified to solution A and by the use of carbon from battery (BG) as counter electrode with the thickness of 1.16 μm. The implementation of this phase shows higher short circuit current of 6 mA/cm2 with fill factor of 0.68 and an overall solar cell efficiency of 1.24 %. By implementation of this phase, a reduction of overall charge transfer resistance to 130 Ω is observed. As for the electron lifetime, a favorable result is as expected when its lifespan is longer (0.18 s) than the recombination rate (5.49 s-1) which also shows that by the addition of graphite, can suppress electron recombination to the dye or electrolyte. BG thickness of 1.16 μm also provides better conducting pathway for the photo generated electron, thus increasing the current and decreasing the resistance compare to the usage of Pt and other CE graphite thicknesses. The nature based DSSC also shows an economic feasibility compare to conventional DSSC which uses ruthenium (Ru) and platinum (Pt) as counter electrode (CE). By the usage of keriang dye and carbon counter electrode, the cost to fabricate a solar cell in a laboratory scale is RM 306.40 compared to RM 506.67 by conventional substances of Ru and Pt which shows a 40% decrement in cost. For a 1.75 m2 of nature based dye-sensitized solar panel which has an output power of 31.5 W and 3.15 % efficiency, a 1.8 MWp with a 100,000 m2 of PV power generation production is predicted and shows RM 304.45 per nature based DSSP price compare to a 30 W monocrystalline solar cell with lower specs and higher pricing of RM 360.00. This shows that the nature based DSSC not only could provide an adequate amount of solar cell efficiency, but has a good economic base for further mass production of solar panels. Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) 2015 Thesis en http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/59826 http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/59826/1/p.1-24..pdf 1fb21c743e545acfa2fbd82d3d27783d http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/59826/2/Full%20Text.pdf 19b6814d4719d124aa1d4d682982950c http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/59826/3/license.txt 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) Gratzel cell Solar cell Titanium Dioxide School of Electrical System Engineering

Characterization of nature Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on Nanocrystalline Titanum Dioxide

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