Effect of rice straw fiber and Polyethylene glycol on polylactic acid/polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate blends

Biodegradable polymer is one of the alternatives that have potential to overcome serious environmental problem and depletion of crude oil. The materials that have been used in this study are polylactid acid (PLA), polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate (PHBV), rice straw (RS) fiber and polyethylene glycol...

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Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Subjects:	Fibers Polyethylene Polylactic acid
Online Access:	http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/77897/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/77897/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/77897/4/Nurul%20Hani.pdf
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spelling	my-unimap-778972023-04-04T02:03:49Z Effect of rice straw fiber and Polyethylene glycol on polylactic acid/polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate blends Sam Sung, Ting, Dr. Biodegradable polymer is one of the alternatives that have potential to overcome serious environmental problem and depletion of crude oil. The materials that have been used in this study are polylactid acid (PLA), polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate (PHBV), rice straw (RS) fiber and polyethylene glycol (PEG). PLA and PHBV are one of biopolymer that can complement each other properties. The mixing process of these composites was carried out using heated two-roll mill (DW5110). The blends between PLA and PHBV slightly reduced tensile strength but increased Eb. Besides, it also increased the Young’s modulus. The optimum ratio of the blends is 50% PLA with 50% PHBV. This study also focused on the effect of RS fiber and PEG as plasticizer on PLA/PHBV blends. The RS fiber content was varied from 5 to 25 wt%. 5 wt% PEG based on RS fiber content was added. The addition of RS fiber into the blends reduced the mechanical properties and thermal stability however the water absorption increased. The incompatibility of RS fiber with PLA/ PHBV blends was proven by SEM micrographs. PLA/PHBV blends show high modulus and high tensile strength but it is quite brittle. . The goal of adding plasticizer to PLA/ PHBV blend with RS fiber is to enhance the polymer elongation and to reduce the brittleness while maintaining optimum polymer strength and stiffness. After the addition of PEG, the tensile strength reduced, while the Eb and Young modulus increased. The amphiphilic properties of PEG slightly reduced the water absorption. From FTIR spectra, it can be seen that the presence of PEG into PLA/PBV blends filled with RS fiber reduced the –OH group intensity. Natural weathering and soil burial test until 6 months were performed to determine the biodegradability of the polymer and were confirmed by evaluating the mechanical, morphological, carbonyl index and crystallinity. The addition of RS fiber had reduced the mechanical strength but carbonyl index and crystallinity increased. The crack, pores and fungus colonization was shown in SEM micrograph, indicated that the biodegradation was more pronounced with the addition of RS fiber. The addition of PEG also helps to increase the degradability by increasing the surface area for microbial attack. In conclusion, the addition of RS fiber increased the degradability and the presence of PEG as plasticizer improved the Eb between the blends. Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Thesis en http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/77897 http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/77897/3/license.txt 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/77897/1/Page%201-24.pdf 95cdd540c4f8897272914ae3322e4a4c http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/77897/2/Full%20text.pdf 768b6453ee08a1a2cb051bbafaf7e738 http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/77897/4/Nurul%20Hani.pdf 8c71b54e40137c1c96e761e171d0b734 Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Fibers Polyethylene Polylactic acid School of Bioprocess Engineering
institution	Universiti Malaysia Perlis
collection	UniMAP Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Sam Sung, Ting, Dr.
topic	Fibers Polyethylene Polylactic acid
spellingShingle	Fibers Polyethylene Polylactic acid Effect of rice straw fiber and Polyethylene glycol on polylactic acid/polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate blends
description	Biodegradable polymer is one of the alternatives that have potential to overcome serious environmental problem and depletion of crude oil. The materials that have been used in this study are polylactid acid (PLA), polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate (PHBV), rice straw (RS) fiber and polyethylene glycol (PEG). PLA and PHBV are one of biopolymer that can complement each other properties. The mixing process of these composites was carried out using heated two-roll mill (DW5110). The blends between PLA and PHBV slightly reduced tensile strength but increased Eb. Besides, it also increased the Young’s modulus. The optimum ratio of the blends is 50% PLA with 50% PHBV. This study also focused on the effect of RS fiber and PEG as plasticizer on PLA/PHBV blends. The RS fiber content was varied from 5 to 25 wt%. 5 wt% PEG based on RS fiber content was added. The addition of RS fiber into the blends reduced the mechanical properties and thermal stability however the water absorption increased. The incompatibility of RS fiber with PLA/ PHBV blends was proven by SEM micrographs. PLA/PHBV blends show high modulus and high tensile strength but it is quite brittle. . The goal of adding plasticizer to PLA/ PHBV blend with RS fiber is to enhance the polymer elongation and to reduce the brittleness while maintaining optimum polymer strength and stiffness. After the addition of PEG, the tensile strength reduced, while the Eb and Young modulus increased. The amphiphilic properties of PEG slightly reduced the water absorption. From FTIR spectra, it can be seen that the presence of PEG into PLA/PBV blends filled with RS fiber reduced the –OH group intensity. Natural weathering and soil burial test until 6 months were performed to determine the biodegradability of the polymer and were confirmed by evaluating the mechanical, morphological, carbonyl index and crystallinity. The addition of RS fiber had reduced the mechanical strength but carbonyl index and crystallinity increased. The crack, pores and fungus colonization was shown in SEM micrograph, indicated that the biodegradation was more pronounced with the addition of RS fiber. The addition of PEG also helps to increase the degradability by increasing the surface area for microbial attack. In conclusion, the addition of RS fiber increased the degradability and the presence of PEG as plasticizer improved the Eb between the blends.
format	Thesis
title	Effect of rice straw fiber and Polyethylene glycol on polylactic acid/polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate blends
title_short	Effect of rice straw fiber and Polyethylene glycol on polylactic acid/polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate blends
title_full	Effect of rice straw fiber and Polyethylene glycol on polylactic acid/polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate blends
title_fullStr	Effect of rice straw fiber and Polyethylene glycol on polylactic acid/polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate blends
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of rice straw fiber and Polyethylene glycol on polylactic acid/polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate blends
title_sort	effect of rice straw fiber and polyethylene glycol on polylactic acid/polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate blends
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP)
granting_department	School of Bioprocess Engineering
url	http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/77897/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/77897/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/77897/4/Nurul%20Hani.pdf
_version_	1776104252145401856

Effect of rice straw fiber and Polyethylene glycol on polylactic acid/polyhydroxybutyrate-valerate blends

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