Production of sea mango (Cerbera Odollam) based activated carbon for CO2 adsorption

The activated carbon utilization for carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption process is a promising method to reduce the emission of CO2. The activated carbon was produced from the non-edible sea mango (Cerbera odollam) fruit through sequential chemical and physical processes. There were two methods of acti...

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Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Subjects:	Carbon Activated Cerbera Sea mango (Cerbera odollam) Carbon dioxide (CO2) Adsorption
Online Access:	http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78352/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78352/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78352/3/Nur%20Hidayah%20azmi.pdf
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spelling	my-unimap-783522023-04-17T07:11:54Z Production of sea mango (Cerbera Odollam) based activated carbon for CO2 adsorption Umi Fazara, Md. Ali, Dr. The activated carbon utilization for carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption process is a promising method to reduce the emission of CO2. The activated carbon was produced from the non-edible sea mango (Cerbera odollam) fruit through sequential chemical and physical processes. There were two methods of activated carbon preparation; i.e. Method 1: the precursor was impregnated with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and then thermally activated at 500 °C with different activation atmosphere for 2 hours, Method 2: the precursor was heated at 200 °C with nitrogen gas (N2) flow prior to chemical and thermal activation processes as performed in Method 1. Porous structures were developed on the surface of the activated carbon due to the physicochemical activation process and proven by surface morphology study. The best virgin activated carbon prepared by double-stage activation via Method 2 in the absence of any gases (RCIHM2-A) which recorded the highest BET surface area (1475.43 m2/g), iodine adsorption capacity (1040.58 mg/g) and the highest carbon element (79.17 %). The activation process was further confirmed to happen with the unchanged and/or disappearance of C-H and -C≡C-H:C-H of the functional group at peaks 2936.73 cm-1 and 617.76 cm-1 as compared to raw sea mango sample. The prepared mesoporous activated carbon with pore diameter 2.86 nm was then modified with amine-based chemical (AMP, PZ, MEA, and DEA) impregnation to improve its adsorption capability and selectivity to adsorb CO2. Physisorption process which has weak Van der Waals forces interaction between CO2 molecules and pores on virgin activated carbon surface has been transformed to chemisorptions process (covalent bond) via amine impregnation. The performance of the activated carbon on CO2 adsorption was obtained through breakthrough time curve and adsorption capacity. The reduction of BET surface area was approximately 56 % to 62 % after amine impregnation proved that amine molecules successfully attach on the activated carbon surface. The result was further confirmed by SEM images which illustrated that amine molecules filled up most of the activated carbon pores. The best amine functionalized on carbon surface was 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) with highest CO2 adsorption capacity 23.05 mgCO2/gsorbent and has been able to achieve 94.47 % of regeneration. The nitrogen (N) element measurement via elemental analysis by EDX was enhanced two-fold (from 4.73% to 7.25 %) after impregnated with this AMP amine and confirmed by the existence of N-H bond at 3391.22 cm-1 and C-N bond at 1173.19 and 1047.55 cm-1, respectively. The result indicated that elemental N functionalized activated carbon surface for CO2 adsorption. The effect of other operating parameters such as the lowest inlet flow rate (5.00 mL/min) and sample loading (2.00 g) recorded the highest CO2 adsorption capacity, 23.05 mgCO2/gsorbent, and 28.18 mgCO2/gsorbent, respectively, whilst CO2 adsorption capacity was inversely proportional to inlet flow rate and adsorbent loading increment. Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Thesis en http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/handle/123456789/78352 http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78352/4/license.txt 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78352/1/Page%201-24.pdf 6600228c769b9eef023fdec187d4b01a http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78352/2/Full%20text.pdf 6ad4078ff9e9651e24cb88f0bc7d1197 http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78352/3/Nur%20Hidayah%20azmi.pdf 456e70b012ccad02f491ea48bb18f0ba Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) Carbon, Activated Cerbera Sea mango (Cerbera odollam) Carbon dioxide (CO2) Adsorption School of Environmental Engineering
institution	Universiti Malaysia Perlis
collection	UniMAP Institutional Repository
language	English
advisor	Umi Fazara, Md. Ali, Dr.
topic	Carbon Activated Cerbera Sea mango (Cerbera odollam) Carbon dioxide (CO2) Adsorption
spellingShingle	Carbon Activated Cerbera Sea mango (Cerbera odollam) Carbon dioxide (CO2) Adsorption Production of sea mango (Cerbera Odollam) based activated carbon for CO2 adsorption
description	The activated carbon utilization for carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption process is a promising method to reduce the emission of CO2. The activated carbon was produced from the non-edible sea mango (Cerbera odollam) fruit through sequential chemical and physical processes. There were two methods of activated carbon preparation; i.e. Method 1: the precursor was impregnated with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and then thermally activated at 500 °C with different activation atmosphere for 2 hours, Method 2: the precursor was heated at 200 °C with nitrogen gas (N2) flow prior to chemical and thermal activation processes as performed in Method 1. Porous structures were developed on the surface of the activated carbon due to the physicochemical activation process and proven by surface morphology study. The best virgin activated carbon prepared by double-stage activation via Method 2 in the absence of any gases (RCIHM2-A) which recorded the highest BET surface area (1475.43 m2/g), iodine adsorption capacity (1040.58 mg/g) and the highest carbon element (79.17 %). The activation process was further confirmed to happen with the unchanged and/or disappearance of C-H and -C≡C-H:C-H of the functional group at peaks 2936.73 cm-1 and 617.76 cm-1 as compared to raw sea mango sample. The prepared mesoporous activated carbon with pore diameter 2.86 nm was then modified with amine-based chemical (AMP, PZ, MEA, and DEA) impregnation to improve its adsorption capability and selectivity to adsorb CO2. Physisorption process which has weak Van der Waals forces interaction between CO2 molecules and pores on virgin activated carbon surface has been transformed to chemisorptions process (covalent bond) via amine impregnation. The performance of the activated carbon on CO2 adsorption was obtained through breakthrough time curve and adsorption capacity. The reduction of BET surface area was approximately 56 % to 62 % after amine impregnation proved that amine molecules successfully attach on the activated carbon surface. The result was further confirmed by SEM images which illustrated that amine molecules filled up most of the activated carbon pores. The best amine functionalized on carbon surface was 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) with highest CO2 adsorption capacity 23.05 mgCO2/gsorbent and has been able to achieve 94.47 % of regeneration. The nitrogen (N) element measurement via elemental analysis by EDX was enhanced two-fold (from 4.73% to 7.25 %) after impregnated with this AMP amine and confirmed by the existence of N-H bond at 3391.22 cm-1 and C-N bond at 1173.19 and 1047.55 cm-1, respectively. The result indicated that elemental N functionalized activated carbon surface for CO2 adsorption. The effect of other operating parameters such as the lowest inlet flow rate (5.00 mL/min) and sample loading (2.00 g) recorded the highest CO2 adsorption capacity, 23.05 mgCO2/gsorbent, and 28.18 mgCO2/gsorbent, respectively, whilst CO2 adsorption capacity was inversely proportional to inlet flow rate and adsorbent loading increment.
format	Thesis
title	Production of sea mango (Cerbera Odollam) based activated carbon for CO2 adsorption
title_short	Production of sea mango (Cerbera Odollam) based activated carbon for CO2 adsorption
title_full	Production of sea mango (Cerbera Odollam) based activated carbon for CO2 adsorption
title_fullStr	Production of sea mango (Cerbera Odollam) based activated carbon for CO2 adsorption
title_full_unstemmed	Production of sea mango (Cerbera Odollam) based activated carbon for CO2 adsorption
title_sort	production of sea mango (cerbera odollam) based activated carbon for co2 adsorption
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP)
granting_department	School of Environmental Engineering
url	http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78352/1/Page%201-24.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78352/2/Full%20text.pdf http://dspace.unimap.edu.my:80/xmlui/bitstream/123456789/78352/3/Nur%20Hidayah%20azmi.pdf
_version_	1776104285176594432

Production of sea mango (Cerbera Odollam) based activated carbon for CO2 adsorption

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