Synthesis and Characterization of Unsymmetrical α,β-Conjugated Keto Derivatives and their Complexes for Dye Sensitizer Solar Cell (DSSC) Application

A total of 3 novel compounds of unsymmetrical bis-chalcone, namely, compound 1A, 1B and 1C had been synthesized by the Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction. The synthesized unsymmetrical bis-chlacone compounds were further proceeded to the complexation with cis-dichlorotetrakis(dimethylsulfoxide) r...

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Main Author:	Phan, Tze Pei
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2019
Subjects:	QD Chemistry
Online Access:	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/26692/1/Phan%20Tze%20Pei%20ft.pdf
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record_format	uketd_dc
institution	Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
collection	UNIMAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	QD Chemistry
spellingShingle	QD Chemistry Phan, Tze Pei Synthesis and Characterization of Unsymmetrical α,β-Conjugated Keto Derivatives and their Complexes for Dye Sensitizer Solar Cell (DSSC) Application
description	A total of 3 novel compounds of unsymmetrical bis-chalcone, namely, compound 1A, 1B and 1C had been synthesized by the Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction. The synthesized unsymmetrical bis-chlacone compounds were further proceeded to the complexation with cis-dichlorotetrakis(dimethylsulfoxide) ruthenium(II) precursor and boron trifluoride diethyl ether to produce the new ruthenium(II) complexes, 2A, 2B and 2C and borondifluoride complexes, 3A, 3B and 3C. The molecular structure of the synthesized compounds and complexes were spectroscopically characterized and confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer, UV-visible spectrophotometer and CHN analysis. The single crystal of complexes 2C and 3C were analyzed by X-ray crystallography and resolved using Apex III and Olex 2.0 software. At last, all synthesized compounds and complexes were applied as the dye sensitizer in the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) by using FTO glass coated with titanium dioxide (TiO2) as the working electrode and the ITO glass coated with platinum as the counter electrode. The conversion efficiency was tested using the San Ei XES-40S1 Solar Simulator under monochromatic light of air mass 1.5 global (AM 1.5G) with the incident light intensity of 100 mW/cm2. Results showed that complex 3C that consists of OMe and borondifluoride substituents in the same molecule achieved the highest efficiency at 0.091% with 14% IPCE at 430 nm. Conversely, the ruthenium complexes have the lowest efficiency at 0.001 – 0.002% with 0.32-2.55% IPCE at 430 nm. Aside from the importance of push-pull effect in the conversion efficiency, the results from X-ray crystal data also discovered the pi-conjugation that allows charge transfer which plays vital role in the conversion efficiency of a DSSC.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Phan, Tze Pei
author_facet	Phan, Tze Pei
author_sort	Phan, Tze Pei
title	Synthesis and Characterization of Unsymmetrical α,β-Conjugated Keto Derivatives and their Complexes for Dye Sensitizer Solar Cell (DSSC) Application
title_short	Synthesis and Characterization of Unsymmetrical α,β-Conjugated Keto Derivatives and their Complexes for Dye Sensitizer Solar Cell (DSSC) Application
title_full	Synthesis and Characterization of Unsymmetrical α,β-Conjugated Keto Derivatives and their Complexes for Dye Sensitizer Solar Cell (DSSC) Application
title_fullStr	Synthesis and Characterization of Unsymmetrical α,β-Conjugated Keto Derivatives and their Complexes for Dye Sensitizer Solar Cell (DSSC) Application
title_full_unstemmed	Synthesis and Characterization of Unsymmetrical α,β-Conjugated Keto Derivatives and their Complexes for Dye Sensitizer Solar Cell (DSSC) Application
title_sort	synthesis and characterization of unsymmetrical α,β-conjugated keto derivatives and their complexes for dye sensitizer solar cell (dssc) application
granting_institution	UNIMAS
granting_department	FRST, Chemistry
publishDate	2019
url	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/26692/1/Phan%20Tze%20Pei%20ft.pdf
_version_	1783728322346221568
spelling	my-unimas-ir.266922023-06-21T09:21:24Z Synthesis and Characterization of Unsymmetrical α,β-Conjugated Keto Derivatives and their Complexes for Dye Sensitizer Solar Cell (DSSC) Application 2019-09-02 Phan, Tze Pei QD Chemistry A total of 3 novel compounds of unsymmetrical bis-chalcone, namely, compound 1A, 1B and 1C had been synthesized by the Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction. The synthesized unsymmetrical bis-chlacone compounds were further proceeded to the complexation with cis-dichlorotetrakis(dimethylsulfoxide) ruthenium(II) precursor and boron trifluoride diethyl ether to produce the new ruthenium(II) complexes, 2A, 2B and 2C and borondifluoride complexes, 3A, 3B and 3C. The molecular structure of the synthesized compounds and complexes were spectroscopically characterized and confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer, UV-visible spectrophotometer and CHN analysis. The single crystal of complexes 2C and 3C were analyzed by X-ray crystallography and resolved using Apex III and Olex 2.0 software. At last, all synthesized compounds and complexes were applied as the dye sensitizer in the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) by using FTO glass coated with titanium dioxide (TiO2) as the working electrode and the ITO glass coated with platinum as the counter electrode. The conversion efficiency was tested using the San Ei XES-40S1 Solar Simulator under monochromatic light of air mass 1.5 global (AM 1.5G) with the incident light intensity of 100 mW/cm2. Results showed that complex 3C that consists of OMe and borondifluoride substituents in the same molecule achieved the highest efficiency at 0.091% with 14% IPCE at 430 nm. Conversely, the ruthenium complexes have the lowest efficiency at 0.001 – 0.002% with 0.32-2.55% IPCE at 430 nm. 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