Reinforced Bamboo Nanocomposites using Stabilized Polymers: Characterizations and Optimization

Bamboo is an abundant natural resource in Malaysia that has prospect to substitute wood in many engineering applications. However, there are drawbacks such as poor physicomechanical properties, susceptibility to damage, frequent costly maintenance, deterioration of physical and mechanical properties...

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Main Author:	Muhammad, Adamu
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2021
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/34469/4/Reinforced%20Bamboo%20Nanocomposites%20using%20Stabilized%20Polymers.pdf
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spelling	my-unimas-ir.344692023-03-20T07:07:01Z Reinforced Bamboo Nanocomposites using Stabilized Polymers: Characterizations and Optimization 2021-02-22 Muhammad, Adamu TP Chemical technology Bamboo is an abundant natural resource in Malaysia that has prospect to substitute wood in many engineering applications. However, there are drawbacks such as poor physicomechanical properties, susceptibility to damage, frequent costly maintenance, deterioration of physical and mechanical properties due to environmental variation. In this work, the effects of montmorillonite nanoclay and combination of stabilized polymers such as poly(ethylene-alt-maleic anhydride) (PEA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl alcohol-coacrylonitrile, and polyvinyl alcohol-co-styrene on formulation of bamboo nanocomposites were investigated and optimized using response surface methodology. When poly(ethylenealt-maleic anhydride) was used, functional groups in the raw bamboo and nanocomposites were identified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). X-ray diffraction XRD) plots showed the prominent peak intensity at a diffraction angle of 73° due to the transformation of the amorphous structure to a crystalline structure in the prepared nanocomposite. The morphologies of the raw bamboo and the nanocomposites were compared using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. There was an increase in the modulus of elasticity (MOE) from 7.82 GPa to 18.96 GPa and a corresponding increase in the modulus of rupture (MOR) from 68.67 MPa to 121.48 MPa of the raw bamboo to the nanocomposites, respectively. There was also improvement in the thermal properties from the differential scanning calometry (DSC) and thermogravimetric (TGA) results. Similarly, for PVA formulated bamboo nanocomposites, The FTIR spectra of the nanocomposites indicated incorporation of the polymer and nanoclay in the structure and diffractograms from XRD also indicated higher crystallinity of the prepared nanocomposites compared to raw bamboo. The SEM image revealed that of the lumens of the raw bamboo were filled by the polymer and nanoclay after formation of the nanocomposites. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, (UNIMAS) 2021-02 Thesis http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/34469/ http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/34469/4/Reinforced%20Bamboo%20Nanocomposites%20using%20Stabilized%20Polymers.pdf text en validuser phd doctoral Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability
institution	Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
collection	UNIMAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Muhammad, Adamu Reinforced Bamboo Nanocomposites using Stabilized Polymers: Characterizations and Optimization
description	Bamboo is an abundant natural resource in Malaysia that has prospect to substitute wood in many engineering applications. However, there are drawbacks such as poor physicomechanical properties, susceptibility to damage, frequent costly maintenance, deterioration of physical and mechanical properties due to environmental variation. In this work, the effects of montmorillonite nanoclay and combination of stabilized polymers such as poly(ethylene-alt-maleic anhydride) (PEA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl alcohol-coacrylonitrile, and polyvinyl alcohol-co-styrene on formulation of bamboo nanocomposites were investigated and optimized using response surface methodology. When poly(ethylenealt-maleic anhydride) was used, functional groups in the raw bamboo and nanocomposites were identified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). X-ray diffraction XRD) plots showed the prominent peak intensity at a diffraction angle of 73° due to the transformation of the amorphous structure to a crystalline structure in the prepared nanocomposite. The morphologies of the raw bamboo and the nanocomposites were compared using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. There was an increase in the modulus of elasticity (MOE) from 7.82 GPa to 18.96 GPa and a corresponding increase in the modulus of rupture (MOR) from 68.67 MPa to 121.48 MPa of the raw bamboo to the nanocomposites, respectively. There was also improvement in the thermal properties from the differential scanning calometry (DSC) and thermogravimetric (TGA) results. Similarly, for PVA formulated bamboo nanocomposites, The FTIR spectra of the nanocomposites indicated incorporation of the polymer and nanoclay in the structure and diffractograms from XRD also indicated higher crystallinity of the prepared nanocomposites compared to raw bamboo. The SEM image revealed that of the lumens of the raw bamboo were filled by the polymer and nanoclay after formation of the nanocomposites.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Muhammad, Adamu
author_facet	Muhammad, Adamu
author_sort	Muhammad, Adamu
title	Reinforced Bamboo Nanocomposites using Stabilized Polymers: Characterizations and Optimization
title_short	Reinforced Bamboo Nanocomposites using Stabilized Polymers: Characterizations and Optimization
title_full	Reinforced Bamboo Nanocomposites using Stabilized Polymers: Characterizations and Optimization
title_fullStr	Reinforced Bamboo Nanocomposites using Stabilized Polymers: Characterizations and Optimization
title_full_unstemmed	Reinforced Bamboo Nanocomposites using Stabilized Polymers: Characterizations and Optimization
title_sort	reinforced bamboo nanocomposites using stabilized polymers: characterizations and optimization
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS)
granting_department	Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability
publishDate	2021
url	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/34469/4/Reinforced%20Bamboo%20Nanocomposites%20using%20Stabilized%20Polymers.pdf
_version_	1783728426926997504

Reinforced Bamboo Nanocomposites using Stabilized Polymers: Characterizations and Optimization

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