Sustainable Livelihood Strategies of Riverine Communities at Sadong Jaya, Sarawak

This study uses the sustainable livelihood approach to examine the livelihood assets and livelihood strategies adopted by the riverine communities at Sadong Jaya, Sarawak as well as the vulnerabilities faced by them. A mixed method approach was adopted in this study. Data was collected from focus gr...

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Main Author:	Su Jin, Tan
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2023
Subjects:	HC Economic History and Conditions
Online Access:	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/42833/1/Thesis%20Master_Tan%20Su%20Jin.pdf
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id	my-unimas-ir.42833
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-unimas-ir.428332023-09-22T03:59:18Z Sustainable Livelihood Strategies of Riverine Communities at Sadong Jaya, Sarawak 2023-09-19 Su Jin, Tan HC Economic History and Conditions HN Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform This study uses the sustainable livelihood approach to examine the livelihood assets and livelihood strategies adopted by the riverine communities at Sadong Jaya, Sarawak as well as the vulnerabilities faced by them. A mixed method approach was adopted in this study. Data was collected from focus group discussions, observations, and face-to-face interviews with 243 households in which the samples were drawn from three clusters (upper estuarine, middle estuarine and lower estuarine) in Sadong Jaya using a multi-stage sampling method. The study found that, due to the dynamic nature of the local environment with its unique geographical location prone to flash flood and monsoon flood besides environment degradation and poor socio-economic conditions, the community is susceptible to a high level of vulnerability. Local people perceived their livelihood vulnerability as the result of poor access to natural resources and limited natural resources to market and basic social amenities such as facing insufficient treated water supply for both household daily consumption besides lacking water for agriculture. The middle estuarine communities are found to be more vulnerable than the upper and lower estuarine communities at Sadong Jaya with the vulnerability index at 0.414 as compared to vulnerability index of 0.394 and 0.410 in upper and lower estuarine respectively. The riverine communities at Sadong Jaya utilize diversified livelihood strategies by optimizing the use of capital assets available to sustain their livelihoods. Communities who are better equipped with an enhanced and diversified assets base are more resilient. Overall, social asset is found to be the most equipped asset in Sadong Jaya while financial asset is the least equipped asset followed by human asset. The study found that infrastructures such as roads and bridges, water supply facilities, drainage systems, watergates and education facilities enable the riverine communities to intensify and diversify economic activities, widen job opportunities, and market opportunities. As accessibility to education and training facilities is made available to the locals through better connectivity facilitated by various physical infrastructure, more riverine communities are involved in non-agricultural economic activities and out-migration to cities and abroad is common in the study area. The regression scores showed that riverine communities in Sadong Jaya are most likely to adopt non-agricultural livelihood activities given that they have higher education and skills level, more purchasing power to own farm tools, better health, better ability to secure financial facilities and sustain disaster conflict and possess more diversification capabilities. TAN SU JIN 2023-09 Thesis http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/42833/ http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/42833/1/Thesis%20Master_Tan%20Su%20Jin.pdf text en public masters UNIMAS FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES
institution	Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
collection	UNIMAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	HC Economic History and Conditions HC Economic History and Conditions
spellingShingle	HC Economic History and Conditions HC Economic History and Conditions Su Jin, Tan Sustainable Livelihood Strategies of Riverine Communities at Sadong Jaya, Sarawak
description	This study uses the sustainable livelihood approach to examine the livelihood assets and livelihood strategies adopted by the riverine communities at Sadong Jaya, Sarawak as well as the vulnerabilities faced by them. A mixed method approach was adopted in this study. Data was collected from focus group discussions, observations, and face-to-face interviews with 243 households in which the samples were drawn from three clusters (upper estuarine, middle estuarine and lower estuarine) in Sadong Jaya using a multi-stage sampling method. The study found that, due to the dynamic nature of the local environment with its unique geographical location prone to flash flood and monsoon flood besides environment degradation and poor socio-economic conditions, the community is susceptible to a high level of vulnerability. Local people perceived their livelihood vulnerability as the result of poor access to natural resources and limited natural resources to market and basic social amenities such as facing insufficient treated water supply for both household daily consumption besides lacking water for agriculture. The middle estuarine communities are found to be more vulnerable than the upper and lower estuarine communities at Sadong Jaya with the vulnerability index at 0.414 as compared to vulnerability index of 0.394 and 0.410 in upper and lower estuarine respectively. The riverine communities at Sadong Jaya utilize diversified livelihood strategies by optimizing the use of capital assets available to sustain their livelihoods. Communities who are better equipped with an enhanced and diversified assets base are more resilient. Overall, social asset is found to be the most equipped asset in Sadong Jaya while financial asset is the least equipped asset followed by human asset. The study found that infrastructures such as roads and bridges, water supply facilities, drainage systems, watergates and education facilities enable the riverine communities to intensify and diversify economic activities, widen job opportunities, and market opportunities. As accessibility to education and training facilities is made available to the locals through better connectivity facilitated by various physical infrastructure, more riverine communities are involved in non-agricultural economic activities and out-migration to cities and abroad is common in the study area. The regression scores showed that riverine communities in Sadong Jaya are most likely to adopt non-agricultural livelihood activities given that they have higher education and skills level, more purchasing power to own farm tools, better health, better ability to secure financial facilities and sustain disaster conflict and possess more diversification capabilities.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Su Jin, Tan
author_facet	Su Jin, Tan
author_sort	Su Jin, Tan
title	Sustainable Livelihood Strategies of Riverine Communities at Sadong Jaya, Sarawak
title_short	Sustainable Livelihood Strategies of Riverine Communities at Sadong Jaya, Sarawak
title_full	Sustainable Livelihood Strategies of Riverine Communities at Sadong Jaya, Sarawak
title_fullStr	Sustainable Livelihood Strategies of Riverine Communities at Sadong Jaya, Sarawak
title_full_unstemmed	Sustainable Livelihood Strategies of Riverine Communities at Sadong Jaya, Sarawak
title_sort	sustainable livelihood strategies of riverine communities at sadong jaya, sarawak
granting_institution	UNIMAS
granting_department	FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES
publishDate	2023
url	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/42833/1/Thesis%20Master_Tan%20Su%20Jin.pdf
_version_	1783728543483559936

Sustainable Livelihood Strategies of Riverine Communities at Sadong Jaya, Sarawak

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