Method Development for Heavy Metals Analysis and its Accumulation in Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Cultivation Area, Sarawak, Malaysia

A method of ICP-MS/MS for the determination of heavy metals in black pepper berries based on microwave-assisted digestion method was established in this study. The method was optimised by optimising gas flow rate, digestion temperature, digestion power, and acid digestion system. The optimisation wa...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Dyg Syafiznur Aisyah, Abang Ya'kub
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English English
Published:	2024
Subjects:	QD Chemistry
Online Access:	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/44319/5/Dyg%20Syafiznur%20Aisyah%20Binti%20Abang%20Ya%E2%80%99kub.dsva.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/44319/6/MasterThesis_Dyg%20Syafiznur%20Aisyah%20Binti%20Abang%20Ya%E2%80%99kub%20-%20%2024%20pages.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/44319/7/MasterThesis_Dyg%20Syafiznur%20Aisyah%20Binti%20Abang%20Ya%E2%80%99kub.ftext.pdf
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

id	my-unimas-ir.44319
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-unimas-ir.443192024-02-05T02:54:45Z Method Development for Heavy Metals Analysis and its Accumulation in Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Cultivation Area, Sarawak, Malaysia 2024-01-31 Dyg Syafiznur Aisyah, Abang Ya'kub QD Chemistry A method of ICP-MS/MS for the determination of heavy metals in black pepper berries based on microwave-assisted digestion method was established in this study. The method was optimised by optimising gas flow rate, digestion temperature, digestion power, and acid digestion system. The optimisation was successful with satisfactory recoveries between 98.14-114.83%. LOD for As, Pb, Hg, Cd and Sb were established at 0.006, 0.01, 0.003, 0.003 and 0.008 mg/kg respectively. Good linearity was observed with correlation factor (R2) above 0.999 for all the metals of interests. Uncertainties of the method were in the range of 7.21 – 18.29%. The optimised method was then applied to 115 randomly selected imported and domestic pepper berries where 53.91% of the samples analysed were found to contain As (0.01 – 7.00 mg/kg), Pb (0.01 – 3.61 mg/kg) and Cd (0.02 – 1.37 mg/kg). The method is further used to determine uptake of heavy metal in pepper cultivated in Sarawak and heavy metal concentration in compartments of pepper vines. All target elements’ concentration in parts of pepper vines, berries and soils collected from the south, middle and north region of Sarawak were found to be below the maximum allowable limit recommended by relevant standard. This shows that the pepper berries collected in Sarawak were completely safe for consumption and soils used in the cultivation area were safe for agriculture use. The value of EF and TF recorded were lower than 1, which shows that there were no hyper accumulations of heavy metals in pepper vines. Non-carcinogenic (ADD, HQ and HI) and carcinogenic (LCR and CRt) calculated shows that there were risk by consumption of pepper presents in local adults. PCA shows clustering between pepper berries and soil samples from the same region, but no clustering involving concentration of heavy metals and its location in pepper leaves and stem. Statistical analysis (ANOVA) was applied on the samples and there was significant difference between the average concentrations of target elements against area of sampling. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak 2024-01 Thesis http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/44319/ http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/44319/5/Dyg%20Syafiznur%20Aisyah%20Binti%20Abang%20Ya%E2%80%99kub.dsva.pdf text en staffonly http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/44319/6/MasterThesis_Dyg%20Syafiznur%20Aisyah%20Binti%20Abang%20Ya%E2%80%99kub%20-%20%2024%20pages.pdf text en public http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/44319/7/MasterThesis_Dyg%20Syafiznur%20Aisyah%20Binti%20Abang%20Ya%E2%80%99kub.ftext.pdf text en validuser masters Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Faculty of Resource Science and Technology
institution	Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
collection	UNIMAS Institutional Repository
language	English English English
topic	QD Chemistry
spellingShingle	QD Chemistry Dyg Syafiznur Aisyah, Abang Ya'kub Method Development for Heavy Metals Analysis and its Accumulation in Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Cultivation Area, Sarawak, Malaysia
description	A method of ICP-MS/MS for the determination of heavy metals in black pepper berries based on microwave-assisted digestion method was established in this study. The method was optimised by optimising gas flow rate, digestion temperature, digestion power, and acid digestion system. The optimisation was successful with satisfactory recoveries between 98.14-114.83%. LOD for As, Pb, Hg, Cd and Sb were established at 0.006, 0.01, 0.003, 0.003 and 0.008 mg/kg respectively. Good linearity was observed with correlation factor (R2) above 0.999 for all the metals of interests. Uncertainties of the method were in the range of 7.21 – 18.29%. The optimised method was then applied to 115 randomly selected imported and domestic pepper berries where 53.91% of the samples analysed were found to contain As (0.01 – 7.00 mg/kg), Pb (0.01 – 3.61 mg/kg) and Cd (0.02 – 1.37 mg/kg). The method is further used to determine uptake of heavy metal in pepper cultivated in Sarawak and heavy metal concentration in compartments of pepper vines. All target elements’ concentration in parts of pepper vines, berries and soils collected from the south, middle and north region of Sarawak were found to be below the maximum allowable limit recommended by relevant standard. This shows that the pepper berries collected in Sarawak were completely safe for consumption and soils used in the cultivation area were safe for agriculture use. The value of EF and TF recorded were lower than 1, which shows that there were no hyper accumulations of heavy metals in pepper vines. Non-carcinogenic (ADD, HQ and HI) and carcinogenic (LCR and CRt) calculated shows that there were risk by consumption of pepper presents in local adults. PCA shows clustering between pepper berries and soil samples from the same region, but no clustering involving concentration of heavy metals and its location in pepper leaves and stem. Statistical analysis (ANOVA) was applied on the samples and there was significant difference between the average concentrations of target elements against area of sampling.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Dyg Syafiznur Aisyah, Abang Ya'kub
author_facet	Dyg Syafiznur Aisyah, Abang Ya'kub
author_sort	Dyg Syafiznur Aisyah, Abang Ya'kub
title	Method Development for Heavy Metals Analysis and its Accumulation in Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Cultivation Area, Sarawak, Malaysia
title_short	Method Development for Heavy Metals Analysis and its Accumulation in Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Cultivation Area, Sarawak, Malaysia
title_full	Method Development for Heavy Metals Analysis and its Accumulation in Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Cultivation Area, Sarawak, Malaysia
title_fullStr	Method Development for Heavy Metals Analysis and its Accumulation in Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Cultivation Area, Sarawak, Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed	Method Development for Heavy Metals Analysis and its Accumulation in Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Cultivation Area, Sarawak, Malaysia
title_sort	method development for heavy metals analysis and its accumulation in pepper (piper nigrum l.) cultivation area, sarawak, malaysia
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
granting_department	Faculty of Resource Science and Technology
publishDate	2024
url	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/44319/5/Dyg%20Syafiznur%20Aisyah%20Binti%20Abang%20Ya%E2%80%99kub.dsva.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/44319/6/MasterThesis_Dyg%20Syafiznur%20Aisyah%20Binti%20Abang%20Ya%E2%80%99kub%20-%20%2024%20pages.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/44319/7/MasterThesis_Dyg%20Syafiznur%20Aisyah%20Binti%20Abang%20Ya%E2%80%99kub.ftext.pdf
_version_	1794023048052998144

Method Development for Heavy Metals Analysis and its Accumulation in Pepper (Piper nigrum L.) Cultivation Area, Sarawak, Malaysia

Similar Items