Physico-Mechanical, Morphological and Thermal Analysis Of Bioplastic Films Fabricated from Sago Pith Waste Cellulose Fibres

In light of the growing demand for sustainable alternatives to traditional plastics and the world's mounting environmental problems, this research explores the field of bioplastics with an emphasis on sago pith waste (SPW). The growing demand for biodegradable materials makes it essential to ut...

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Main Author:	Nurul Farhana, Zabidi
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English English
Published:	2024
Subjects:	TP Chemical technology
Online Access:	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/45962/3/DSVA%20Nurul%20Farhana%20Zabidi.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/45962/4/Nurul%20Farhana%20Binti%20Zabidi%20%2824pgs%29.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/45962/5/ME%20Thesis%20Nurul%20Farhana%20Binti%20Zabidi%20.pdf
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spelling	my-unimas-ir.459622024-09-05T09:37:18Z Physico-Mechanical, Morphological and Thermal Analysis Of Bioplastic Films Fabricated from Sago Pith Waste Cellulose Fibres 2024-08-05 Nurul Farhana, Zabidi TP Chemical technology In light of the growing demand for sustainable alternatives to traditional plastics and the world's mounting environmental problems, this research explores the field of bioplastics with an emphasis on sago pith waste (SPW). The growing demand for biodegradable materials makes it essential to utilise resources such as SPW, which are plentiful in biomass, especially from the sago industry in Sarawak. The extraction of sago starch has led to significant environmental issues due to inadequate waste management practices. Therefore, while focusing on utilizing SPW, this research aims to fabricate a bioplastic film from SPW and investigate the optimal mass of cellulose fibres (CF) extracted from SPW solubilized in 20 mL of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) to form a bioplastic film with good properties. First, to extract CF, the SPW underwent alkaline treatment and bleaching treatment. Then, CF was solubilized in TFA, with varying in mass from 0.10 g to 0.70 g. After the CF was fully dissolved, the process was then followed by solvent casting. The resulting bioplastic films produced were transparent with slight brown coloration. The SEM data revealed that bubble-shape protrusions on the bioplastic films appeared to shrink as the mass of CF decrease and a slight decrease in the number of visible pores were noted. Due to the improved morphological properties of the film, the tensile strength of BF-0.70 was enhanced by 90% as compared to BF-0.10. BF-0.70 also exhibited the best thermal stability as the main component of the bioplastic film started to degrade at 193˚C and had the most amount of char residue. Out of all the other films, BF-0.70 also possessed the least water absorption ability, with a value of 86%, which was a good decrease from the 198% water absorption by BF-0.10. Thus, it was possible to determine the suitable CF mass. As evidenced by the features of BF-0.70, the results had proven that 0.70 g is the optimal mass of CF that can be solubilised in TFA to form a bioplastic film with good properties. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak 2024-08 Thesis http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/45962/ http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/45962/3/DSVA%20Nurul%20Farhana%20Zabidi.pdf text en staffonly http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/45962/4/Nurul%20Farhana%20Binti%20Zabidi%20%2824pgs%29.pdf text en public http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/45962/5/ME%20Thesis%20Nurul%20Farhana%20Binti%20Zabidi%20.pdf text en validuser masters Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Department of Chemical Engineering
institution	Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
collection	UNIMAS Institutional Repository
language	English English English
topic	TP Chemical technology
spellingShingle	TP Chemical technology Nurul Farhana, Zabidi Physico-Mechanical, Morphological and Thermal Analysis Of Bioplastic Films Fabricated from Sago Pith Waste Cellulose Fibres
description	In light of the growing demand for sustainable alternatives to traditional plastics and the world's mounting environmental problems, this research explores the field of bioplastics with an emphasis on sago pith waste (SPW). The growing demand for biodegradable materials makes it essential to utilise resources such as SPW, which are plentiful in biomass, especially from the sago industry in Sarawak. The extraction of sago starch has led to significant environmental issues due to inadequate waste management practices. Therefore, while focusing on utilizing SPW, this research aims to fabricate a bioplastic film from SPW and investigate the optimal mass of cellulose fibres (CF) extracted from SPW solubilized in 20 mL of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) to form a bioplastic film with good properties. First, to extract CF, the SPW underwent alkaline treatment and bleaching treatment. Then, CF was solubilized in TFA, with varying in mass from 0.10 g to 0.70 g. After the CF was fully dissolved, the process was then followed by solvent casting. The resulting bioplastic films produced were transparent with slight brown coloration. The SEM data revealed that bubble-shape protrusions on the bioplastic films appeared to shrink as the mass of CF decrease and a slight decrease in the number of visible pores were noted. Due to the improved morphological properties of the film, the tensile strength of BF-0.70 was enhanced by 90% as compared to BF-0.10. BF-0.70 also exhibited the best thermal stability as the main component of the bioplastic film started to degrade at 193˚C and had the most amount of char residue. Out of all the other films, BF-0.70 also possessed the least water absorption ability, with a value of 86%, which was a good decrease from the 198% water absorption by BF-0.10. Thus, it was possible to determine the suitable CF mass. As evidenced by the features of BF-0.70, the results had proven that 0.70 g is the optimal mass of CF that can be solubilised in TFA to form a bioplastic film with good properties.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Nurul Farhana, Zabidi
author_facet	Nurul Farhana, Zabidi
author_sort	Nurul Farhana, Zabidi
title	Physico-Mechanical, Morphological and Thermal Analysis Of Bioplastic Films Fabricated from Sago Pith Waste Cellulose Fibres
title_short	Physico-Mechanical, Morphological and Thermal Analysis Of Bioplastic Films Fabricated from Sago Pith Waste Cellulose Fibres
title_full	Physico-Mechanical, Morphological and Thermal Analysis Of Bioplastic Films Fabricated from Sago Pith Waste Cellulose Fibres
title_fullStr	Physico-Mechanical, Morphological and Thermal Analysis Of Bioplastic Films Fabricated from Sago Pith Waste Cellulose Fibres
title_full_unstemmed	Physico-Mechanical, Morphological and Thermal Analysis Of Bioplastic Films Fabricated from Sago Pith Waste Cellulose Fibres
title_sort	physico-mechanical, morphological and thermal analysis of bioplastic films fabricated from sago pith waste cellulose fibres
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
granting_department	Department of Chemical Engineering
publishDate	2024
url	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/45962/3/DSVA%20Nurul%20Farhana%20Zabidi.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/45962/4/Nurul%20Farhana%20Binti%20Zabidi%20%2824pgs%29.pdf http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/45962/5/ME%20Thesis%20Nurul%20Farhana%20Binti%20Zabidi%20.pdf
_version_	1811771582476976128

Physico-Mechanical, Morphological and Thermal Analysis Of Bioplastic Films Fabricated from Sago Pith Waste Cellulose Fibres

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