Phenological Development of Sarawak Traditional Rice Landraces; Bario Sederhana and Biris

Phenological development and growth of Sarawak traditional rice landraces, i.e. Bario Sederhana and Biris were quantified from a series of field and incubation experiments. In both landraces, incubation study estimated cardinal temperatures of 10 °C for base, 32 – 33 °C for optimum and 43 °C for max...

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Main Authors:	Franalyne Lyenang, Luing, Hollena, Nori
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2023
Subjects:	S Agriculture (General)
Online Access:	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/46449/3/Thesis%20MSc_Franalyne%20Lyenang.pdf
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id	my-unimas-ir.46449
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-unimas-ir.464492024-10-23T04:20:38Z Phenological Development of Sarawak Traditional Rice Landraces; Bario Sederhana and Biris 2023-12 Franalyne Lyenang, Luing Hollena, Nori S Agriculture (General) Phenological development and growth of Sarawak traditional rice landraces, i.e. Bario Sederhana and Biris were quantified from a series of field and incubation experiments. In both landraces, incubation study estimated cardinal temperatures of 10 °C for base, 32 – 33 °C for optimum and 43 °C for maximum seed germination. The thermal time (Tt) requirement for 75% germination in the sub-optimal range for Bario Sederhana was 61 °Cd and 54 °Cd for Biris meanwhile within the supra-optimal range, both landraces required 27 – 29 °Cd. Bario Sederhana had 93% of seed populations germinated at 30 °C while Biris had 100% at 27.5 °C. For phenological pot experiments, both landraces had the highest Tt requirement for third leaf appearance for crops sown in June (358 °Cd for Bario Sederhana and 386 °Cd for Biris) and the lowest for crops sown in December (149 °Cd for Bario Sederhana and 165 °Cd for Biris). The leaf appearance rate (phyllochron) for Bario Sederhana decreased with each successive sowing date from 646 °Cd/leaf for April sown crops to 467 °Cd/leaf for the crops were in late October. In contrast, the phyllochron of Biris was the shortest in late June sowing (495 °Cd/leaf) and the longest (~624 °Cd/leaf) for April and late October sown crops. Irrespective of landraces, thermal time to flag leaf decreased with sowing date from 4051°Cd in April to 2569 °Cd in late October with a total production of nine leaves on the primary stem across all sowing dates. In both landraces, crops took the longest time to reach flowering for April sowing (4790 °Cd for Bario Sederhana and 4315 °Cd for Biris) and the shortest time for October sown crop (2980 °Cd for Bario Sederhana and 2857 °Cd for Biris). Nevertheless, the duration of grain filling was the longest for October sown crops (784 – 818 °Cd, 30-33 calendar days) which resulted in the highest grain weight (48 g/pot for Bario Sederhana and 22 g/pot for Biris). For field experiment conducted at Pusat Penyelidikan Tumbuhan (PPT), UNIMAS, both landraces took almost similar calendar days to flower (151 days). Bario Sederhana and Biris rice had almost similar yield components when planted in the field. Malaysian Applied Biology 2023-12 Thesis http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/46449/ http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/46449/3/Thesis%20MSc_Franalyne%20Lyenang.pdf text en validuser masters Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Faculty of Resource Science and Technology
institution	Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
collection	UNIMAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	S Agriculture (General)
spellingShingle	S Agriculture (General) Franalyne Lyenang, Luing Hollena, Nori Phenological Development of Sarawak Traditional Rice Landraces; Bario Sederhana and Biris
description	Phenological development and growth of Sarawak traditional rice landraces, i.e. Bario Sederhana and Biris were quantified from a series of field and incubation experiments. In both landraces, incubation study estimated cardinal temperatures of 10 °C for base, 32 – 33 °C for optimum and 43 °C for maximum seed germination. The thermal time (Tt) requirement for 75% germination in the sub-optimal range for Bario Sederhana was 61 °Cd and 54 °Cd for Biris meanwhile within the supra-optimal range, both landraces required 27 – 29 °Cd. Bario Sederhana had 93% of seed populations germinated at 30 °C while Biris had 100% at 27.5 °C. For phenological pot experiments, both landraces had the highest Tt requirement for third leaf appearance for crops sown in June (358 °Cd for Bario Sederhana and 386 °Cd for Biris) and the lowest for crops sown in December (149 °Cd for Bario Sederhana and 165 °Cd for Biris). The leaf appearance rate (phyllochron) for Bario Sederhana decreased with each successive sowing date from 646 °Cd/leaf for April sown crops to 467 °Cd/leaf for the crops were in late October. In contrast, the phyllochron of Biris was the shortest in late June sowing (495 °Cd/leaf) and the longest (~624 °Cd/leaf) for April and late October sown crops. Irrespective of landraces, thermal time to flag leaf decreased with sowing date from 4051°Cd in April to 2569 °Cd in late October with a total production of nine leaves on the primary stem across all sowing dates. In both landraces, crops took the longest time to reach flowering for April sowing (4790 °Cd for Bario Sederhana and 4315 °Cd for Biris) and the shortest time for October sown crop (2980 °Cd for Bario Sederhana and 2857 °Cd for Biris). Nevertheless, the duration of grain filling was the longest for October sown crops (784 – 818 °Cd, 30-33 calendar days) which resulted in the highest grain weight (48 g/pot for Bario Sederhana and 22 g/pot for Biris). For field experiment conducted at Pusat Penyelidikan Tumbuhan (PPT), UNIMAS, both landraces took almost similar calendar days to flower (151 days). Bario Sederhana and Biris rice had almost similar yield components when planted in the field.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Franalyne Lyenang, Luing Hollena, Nori
author_facet	Franalyne Lyenang, Luing Hollena, Nori
author_sort	Franalyne Lyenang, Luing
title	Phenological Development of Sarawak Traditional Rice Landraces; Bario Sederhana and Biris
title_short	Phenological Development of Sarawak Traditional Rice Landraces; Bario Sederhana and Biris
title_full	Phenological Development of Sarawak Traditional Rice Landraces; Bario Sederhana and Biris
title_fullStr	Phenological Development of Sarawak Traditional Rice Landraces; Bario Sederhana and Biris
title_full_unstemmed	Phenological Development of Sarawak Traditional Rice Landraces; Bario Sederhana and Biris
title_sort	phenological development of sarawak traditional rice landraces; bario sederhana and biris
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
granting_department	Faculty of Resource Science and Technology
publishDate	2023
url	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/46449/3/Thesis%20MSc_Franalyne%20Lyenang.pdf
_version_	1818611701936816128

Phenological Development of Sarawak Traditional Rice Landraces; Bario Sederhana and Biris

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