Species Diversity Of Fruit-Feeding Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) In Spatial, Temporal And Vertical Dimensions, In Kubah National Park, Sarawak

The overall diversity and distributions of the fruit-feeding butterflies in spatial, temporal and vertical dimensions were investigated in the mixed-dipterocarp forest of Kubah National Park, Sarawak, by utilising baited-traps. Fourteen continuous days monthly from 17th May to 17th November 2009 of...

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Main Author:	Christharina, Saurin Gintoron
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2011
Subjects:	QL Zoology
Online Access:	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/7033/3/Christharina%20S%20Gintoron%20ft.pdf
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id	my-unimas-ir.7033
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-unimas-ir.70332024-02-27T08:14:52Z Species Diversity Of Fruit-Feeding Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) In Spatial, Temporal And Vertical Dimensions, In Kubah National Park, Sarawak 2011-06 Christharina, Saurin Gintoron QL Zoology The overall diversity and distributions of the fruit-feeding butterflies in spatial, temporal and vertical dimensions were investigated in the mixed-dipterocarp forest of Kubah National Park, Sarawak, by utilising baited-traps. Fourteen continuous days monthly from 17th May to 17th November 2009 of field sampling had resulted to 665 individuals of nymphalids, representing 49 species and four subfamilies. Bassarona dunya was listed as the most abundant nymphalid species in this study. Forest edge was found to be sustaining the highest number of species among the four forest habitats, yet the highest diversity was revealed at the secondary forest (H’= 3.033, 1-D= 0.933, α= 13.370). In contrast, primary forest sustained the highest taxonomic diversity of nymphalids, as in the distantly related species. Being practically ‘sun-lovers’ explained the presence of most nymphalid species at the forest edge, while with the intermediate disturbance observed in the secondary forest, enormous microhabitats are offered here as both climax and pioneer tree species coexist together, thus supporting a diverse nymphalids assemblage. On the other hand, the effects of different monthly replicates on the nymphalids distribution was observed, as well as accentuating the influence of rainfall to these forest butterflies. Undeniably, heavy rainfall disrupted the nymphalids’ occurrence pattern, as apart from being synonym with the sun-rays, pupal and larval stages of the nymphalids are badly affected. Vertical study on these nymphalids elucidated a prominent preference towards the ground level, correlated with the presence of rotting fruits on the ground. Phenomenon such as heliophobia was also hypothesised for B. dunya, due to its dominance uniquely at the lower level. Larger-forewing nymphalids with slender body occupied the lower strata, for better maneuverability through the herbaceous plants. Conversely, in order to acquire strong and rapid flight in the forest canopy, smaller-forewing yet with stouter-body characterised the nymphalids sampled here. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, (UNIMAS) 2011-06 Thesis http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/7033/ http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/7033/3/Christharina%20S%20Gintoron%20ft.pdf text en validuser masters Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) Faculty of Resource Science and Technology
institution	Universiti Malaysia Sarawak
collection	UNIMAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	QL Zoology
spellingShingle	QL Zoology Christharina, Saurin Gintoron Species Diversity Of Fruit-Feeding Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) In Spatial, Temporal And Vertical Dimensions, In Kubah National Park, Sarawak
description	The overall diversity and distributions of the fruit-feeding butterflies in spatial, temporal and vertical dimensions were investigated in the mixed-dipterocarp forest of Kubah National Park, Sarawak, by utilising baited-traps. Fourteen continuous days monthly from 17th May to 17th November 2009 of field sampling had resulted to 665 individuals of nymphalids, representing 49 species and four subfamilies. Bassarona dunya was listed as the most abundant nymphalid species in this study. Forest edge was found to be sustaining the highest number of species among the four forest habitats, yet the highest diversity was revealed at the secondary forest (H’= 3.033, 1-D= 0.933, α= 13.370). In contrast, primary forest sustained the highest taxonomic diversity of nymphalids, as in the distantly related species. Being practically ‘sun-lovers’ explained the presence of most nymphalid species at the forest edge, while with the intermediate disturbance observed in the secondary forest, enormous microhabitats are offered here as both climax and pioneer tree species coexist together, thus supporting a diverse nymphalids assemblage. On the other hand, the effects of different monthly replicates on the nymphalids distribution was observed, as well as accentuating the influence of rainfall to these forest butterflies. Undeniably, heavy rainfall disrupted the nymphalids’ occurrence pattern, as apart from being synonym with the sun-rays, pupal and larval stages of the nymphalids are badly affected. Vertical study on these nymphalids elucidated a prominent preference towards the ground level, correlated with the presence of rotting fruits on the ground. Phenomenon such as heliophobia was also hypothesised for B. dunya, due to its dominance uniquely at the lower level. Larger-forewing nymphalids with slender body occupied the lower strata, for better maneuverability through the herbaceous plants. Conversely, in order to acquire strong and rapid flight in the forest canopy, smaller-forewing yet with stouter-body characterised the nymphalids sampled here.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Christharina, Saurin Gintoron
author_facet	Christharina, Saurin Gintoron
author_sort	Christharina, Saurin Gintoron
title	Species Diversity Of Fruit-Feeding Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) In Spatial, Temporal And Vertical Dimensions, In Kubah National Park, Sarawak
title_short	Species Diversity Of Fruit-Feeding Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) In Spatial, Temporal And Vertical Dimensions, In Kubah National Park, Sarawak
title_full	Species Diversity Of Fruit-Feeding Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) In Spatial, Temporal And Vertical Dimensions, In Kubah National Park, Sarawak
title_fullStr	Species Diversity Of Fruit-Feeding Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) In Spatial, Temporal And Vertical Dimensions, In Kubah National Park, Sarawak
title_full_unstemmed	Species Diversity Of Fruit-Feeding Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) In Spatial, Temporal And Vertical Dimensions, In Kubah National Park, Sarawak
title_sort	species diversity of fruit-feeding butterflies (lepidoptera: nymphalidae) in spatial, temporal and vertical dimensions, in kubah national park, sarawak
granting_institution	Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS)
granting_department	Faculty of Resource Science and Technology
publishDate	2011
url	http://ir.unimas.my/id/eprint/7033/3/Christharina%20S%20Gintoron%20ft.pdf
_version_	1794023012201136128

Species Diversity Of Fruit-Feeding Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) In Spatial, Temporal And Vertical Dimensions, In Kubah National Park, Sarawak

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