Soil-Landscape Relationships in Kedah - A Study in Soil Genesis and Classification

The genesis, classification and soil-landscape relationships of three major landscapes and fourteen soils in Kedah were studied. The BRIS soils are sandy, structureless, loose, highly leached and have a very low water holding retention and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Soils on the youngest an...

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Main Author:	Lim, Jit Sai
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English
Published:	1991
Subjects:	Soils - Malaysia Soils - Classification
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10289/1/FP_1991_3_A.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.10289
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-upm-ir.102892011-09-07T01:07:00Z Soil-Landscape Relationships in Kedah - A Study in Soil Genesis and Classification 1991 Lim, Jit Sai The genesis, classification and soil-landscape relationships of three major landscapes and fourteen soils in Kedah were studied. The BRIS soils are sandy, structureless, loose, highly leached and have a very low water holding retention and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Soils on the youngest and the oldest ridges are Entisols. Spodosols are found in the middle ridges. Podzolisation is also discussed. The marine coastal plain soils are poorly drained, clayey and have a high CEC (> 20 cmol(+)kg-l soil) due to the presence 2: 1 clay minerals. Soil formation is strongly influenced by the activities of man, parent materials, physiography, climate and sea water. The plough layer and plough sole are formed by the continual addition of organic matter and wet ploughing. Desalination is accomplished by bunding and by flushing the soils with fresh irrigation water. The influence of climate is manifested by deep vertical cracks and gypsum crystals during the dry season. Profile development improves towards the hinterland due to progressively higher physiographic positions, lower ground water table, higher leaching intensity and improved drainage. Three of the soils are Entisols (Fluvaquents) because the organic carbon at 1.25 m is greater than 0.2% although they are more appropriately classified as Inceptisols (Tropaquepts) due changes in the soil colour and the structures. A Vertisol was identified. Soils of the pediplains and the P surfaces are characterised by a lateritic layer. Lateritic soils on P surfaces in eastern Kedah have larger and more angular boulders and gravels. The gravels on the pediplain proper are finer and more rounded due to more cycles of pedimentation. Etchplains and remnants of pediplains (R.O.P.) are absent in the P/P3 surfaces and are uncommon in the pediplains. Lateritic soils in northern Kedah are Ultisols and in southern and eastern Kedah, Oxisols; this being due to differences in the parent materials and climate. Soils - Malaysia Soils - Classification 1991 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10289/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10289/1/FP_1991_3_A.pdf application/pdf en public phd doctoral Universiti Pertanian Malaysia Soils - Malaysia Soils - Classification Faculty of Agriculture English
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English English
topic	Soils - Malaysia Soils - Classification
spellingShingle	Soils - Malaysia Soils - Classification Lim, Jit Sai Soil-Landscape Relationships in Kedah - A Study in Soil Genesis and Classification
description	The genesis, classification and soil-landscape relationships of three major landscapes and fourteen soils in Kedah were studied. The BRIS soils are sandy, structureless, loose, highly leached and have a very low water holding retention and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Soils on the youngest and the oldest ridges are Entisols. Spodosols are found in the middle ridges. Podzolisation is also discussed. The marine coastal plain soils are poorly drained, clayey and have a high CEC (> 20 cmol(+)kg-l soil) due to the presence 2: 1 clay minerals. Soil formation is strongly influenced by the activities of man, parent materials, physiography, climate and sea water. The plough layer and plough sole are formed by the continual addition of organic matter and wet ploughing. Desalination is accomplished by bunding and by flushing the soils with fresh irrigation water. The influence of climate is manifested by deep vertical cracks and gypsum crystals during the dry season. Profile development improves towards the hinterland due to progressively higher physiographic positions, lower ground water table, higher leaching intensity and improved drainage. Three of the soils are Entisols (Fluvaquents) because the organic carbon at 1.25 m is greater than 0.2% although they are more appropriately classified as Inceptisols (Tropaquepts) due changes in the soil colour and the structures. A Vertisol was identified. Soils of the pediplains and the P surfaces are characterised by a lateritic layer. Lateritic soils on P surfaces in eastern Kedah have larger and more angular boulders and gravels. The gravels on the pediplain proper are finer and more rounded due to more cycles of pedimentation. Etchplains and remnants of pediplains (R.O.P.) are absent in the P/P3 surfaces and are uncommon in the pediplains. Lateritic soils in northern Kedah are Ultisols and in southern and eastern Kedah, Oxisols; this being due to differences in the parent materials and climate.
format	Thesis
qualification_name	Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.)
qualification_level	Doctorate
author	Lim, Jit Sai
author_facet	Lim, Jit Sai
author_sort	Lim, Jit Sai
title	Soil-Landscape Relationships in Kedah - A Study in Soil Genesis and Classification
title_short	Soil-Landscape Relationships in Kedah - A Study in Soil Genesis and Classification
title_full	Soil-Landscape Relationships in Kedah - A Study in Soil Genesis and Classification
title_fullStr	Soil-Landscape Relationships in Kedah - A Study in Soil Genesis and Classification
title_full_unstemmed	Soil-Landscape Relationships in Kedah - A Study in Soil Genesis and Classification
title_sort	soil-landscape relationships in kedah - a study in soil genesis and classification
granting_institution	Universiti Pertanian Malaysia
granting_department	Faculty of Agriculture
publishDate	1991
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10289/1/FP_1991_3_A.pdf
_version_	1747811088604332032

Soil-Landscape Relationships in Kedah - A Study in Soil Genesis and Classification

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