Evaluation Of Mulching Mats Derived From Rice Straw And Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches For Weed Control

Field experiments were conducted at Universiti Putra Malaysia during 1998 under annual and permanent orchard cropping systems to evaluate oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) and rice straw (RS) mats, with and without metolachlor as preemergence herbicide, for weed control efficacy, metolachlor act...

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Main Author:	Alloub, Hala Eltahir
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English
Published:	1999
Subjects:	Oil-palm
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10445/1/FP_1999_23_A.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.10445
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-upm-ir.104452011-04-14T08:33:33Z Evaluation Of Mulching Mats Derived From Rice Straw And Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches For Weed Control 1999-06 Alloub, Hala Eltahir Field experiments were conducted at Universiti Putra Malaysia during 1998 under annual and permanent orchard cropping systems to evaluate oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) and rice straw (RS) mats, with and without metolachlor as preemergence herbicide, for weed control efficacy, metolachlor activity and soil nutrient status. Under the annual cropping system, three RS mat types (1.5, 1.0, and 0.5 cm thick) and one OPEFB mat type (1.5 cm thick), with and without incorporated metolachlor (1.8 kg/ha) were compared for annual weed control. In the permanent orchard system, two RS mat types (1.5 and 1.0, cm thick) and one OPEFB mat type (1.5 cm thick) with and without incorporated metolachlor (1.8 and 3.6 kg/ha) were compared for perennial weed control. OPEFB mats effectively suppressed annual weed growth. Incorporation of 1.8 kglha metolachlor increased weed control efficacy. Increasing metolachlor to 3.6 kg/ha increased the efficacy of the mats for perennial weed control. However, incorporation of metolachlor 1.8 kg/ha into OPEFB mats had no beneficial effect in controlling perennial grass weed growth compared to mats without herbicide. RS mats without herbicide did not effectively suppress growth of most weeds. Incorporation of 1.8 kg/ha metolachlor enhanced suppression of annual weed growth up to 12 weeks after treatment. At 3.6 kglha metolachlor effectively suppressed perennial weed growth up to 16 weeks after treatment. Root length reduction in rice seedling bioassay was used to evaluate residual phytotoxic activity of field exposed metolachlor treated OPEFB and RS mats. At both metolachlor rates no inhibitory activity was evident in mats sampled after 8 weeks of exposure in the field. OPEFB mats markedly increased soil organic matter (10.6%), organic carbon (10.6%), phosphorous (15.3%) and potassium (49.<)010) with negligible increase in nitrogen (5.6%). Contribution by triple layered RS mats to soil organic matter (9.3%), organic carbon (9.3%) potassium (73.8%) and phosphorous (18.7%) was greater than contributions from single or double layered RS mats. The results of this study showed that OPEFB mats incorporated with 3.6 kg/ha metolachlor have excellent potential for weed control around newly transplanted trees and shrubs. Triple layered RS mats in combination with 3.6 kg/ha metolachlor can also be used to effectively control weeds under young perennial crops. Oil-palm 1999-06 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10445/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10445/1/FP_1999_23_A.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Oil-palm Faculty of Agriculture English
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English English
topic	Oil-palm
spellingShingle	Oil-palm Alloub, Hala Eltahir Evaluation Of Mulching Mats Derived From Rice Straw And Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches For Weed Control
description	Field experiments were conducted at Universiti Putra Malaysia during 1998 under annual and permanent orchard cropping systems to evaluate oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) and rice straw (RS) mats, with and without metolachlor as preemergence herbicide, for weed control efficacy, metolachlor activity and soil nutrient status. Under the annual cropping system, three RS mat types (1.5, 1.0, and 0.5 cm thick) and one OPEFB mat type (1.5 cm thick), with and without incorporated metolachlor (1.8 kg/ha) were compared for annual weed control. In the permanent orchard system, two RS mat types (1.5 and 1.0, cm thick) and one OPEFB mat type (1.5 cm thick) with and without incorporated metolachlor (1.8 and 3.6 kg/ha) were compared for perennial weed control. OPEFB mats effectively suppressed annual weed growth. Incorporation of 1.8 kglha metolachlor increased weed control efficacy. Increasing metolachlor to 3.6 kg/ha increased the efficacy of the mats for perennial weed control. However, incorporation of metolachlor 1.8 kg/ha into OPEFB mats had no beneficial effect in controlling perennial grass weed growth compared to mats without herbicide. RS mats without herbicide did not effectively suppress growth of most weeds. Incorporation of 1.8 kg/ha metolachlor enhanced suppression of annual weed growth up to 12 weeks after treatment. At 3.6 kglha metolachlor effectively suppressed perennial weed growth up to 16 weeks after treatment. Root length reduction in rice seedling bioassay was used to evaluate residual phytotoxic activity of field exposed metolachlor treated OPEFB and RS mats. At both metolachlor rates no inhibitory activity was evident in mats sampled after 8 weeks of exposure in the field. OPEFB mats markedly increased soil organic matter (10.6%), organic carbon (10.6%), phosphorous (15.3%) and potassium (49.<)010) with negligible increase in nitrogen (5.6%). Contribution by triple layered RS mats to soil organic matter (9.3%), organic carbon (9.3%) potassium (73.8%) and phosphorous (18.7%) was greater than contributions from single or double layered RS mats. The results of this study showed that OPEFB mats incorporated with 3.6 kg/ha metolachlor have excellent potential for weed control around newly transplanted trees and shrubs. Triple layered RS mats in combination with 3.6 kg/ha metolachlor can also be used to effectively control weeds under young perennial crops.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Alloub, Hala Eltahir
author_facet	Alloub, Hala Eltahir
author_sort	Alloub, Hala Eltahir
title	Evaluation Of Mulching Mats Derived From Rice Straw And Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches For Weed Control
title_short	Evaluation Of Mulching Mats Derived From Rice Straw And Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches For Weed Control
title_full	Evaluation Of Mulching Mats Derived From Rice Straw And Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches For Weed Control
title_fullStr	Evaluation Of Mulching Mats Derived From Rice Straw And Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches For Weed Control
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation Of Mulching Mats Derived From Rice Straw And Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches For Weed Control
title_sort	evaluation of mulching mats derived from rice straw and oil palm empty fruit bunches for weed control
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
granting_department	Faculty of Agriculture
publishDate	1999
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10445/1/FP_1999_23_A.pdf
_version_	1747811123604750336

Evaluation Of Mulching Mats Derived From Rice Straw And Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches For Weed Control

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