Influence of oil type on acrylamide formation in intermittent fried beef nuggets and in asparagine-glucoselipid system
This study aims to investigate the effect of different vegetable oils and frying cycles on acrylamide formation during the intermittent frying of beef nuggets. Different vegetable oils, palm olein (PO), red palm super olein (RPSO), sunflower oil (SFO), and soybean oil (SBO), were used for a total...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2021
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/104725/1/SITI%20NUR%20SYAHIRAH%20BINTI%20AHMAD%20-%20IR.pdf |
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| Summary: | This study aims to investigate the effect of different vegetable oils and frying
cycles on acrylamide formation during the intermittent frying of beef nuggets.
Different vegetable oils, palm olein (PO), red palm super olein (RPSO), sunflower
oil (SFO), and soybean oil (SBO), were used for a total of 80 frying cycles. Oil
was collected at every 16th frying cycle and analysed for peroxide value (PV), panisidine
value (p-AV), free fatty acid (FFA), total polar compound (TPC), polar
compound fractions, and fatty acid composition (FAC). Total oxidation (TOTOX)
value was calculated, and acrylamide content was quantified in the nuggets.
Regardless of the oil type, PV, p-AV, and TOTOX initially increased but gradually
decreased. However, FFA and TPC continued to develop across the 80 frying
cycles. The C18:2/C16:0 remained almost unchanged in PO and RPSO but
dropped progressively in SFO and SBO. The lowest acrylamide content in fried
products was observed in the PO, while the highest content was observed in
RPSO. The oil type but not the frying cycle significantly affected the acrylamide
concentration in beef nuggets. PO is shown to be the most suitable vegetable oil
to be used in lowering acrylamide formation during heat treatment. Next, the
effect of different compositions of beta-carotene and vitamin E in RPSO blends
on the kinetics parameters of acrylamide formation/elimination in an asparagineglucose-
lipid model system. Different blends of RPSO and canola oil (10, 20 and
30%) were applied and heated at series of temperature (120, 140, 160, 180, and
200°C) for 20 min. Linear equation for each oil blend was plotted in which the
activation energy (Ea) was estimated and found that acrylamide formation
obeyed the Arhenius Law. Higher level of RPSO incorporated in the blend led
to a higher amount of beta carotene and tocols in the blend. Acrylamide content
was determined using GCMS method and results indicated that the acrylamide
formation obeyed the Arrhenius Law. Highest acrylamide content was revealed
when 30% RPSO used at temperature 200°C whereas the lowest was noted
when 20% RPSO was used at 120°C. Per contra for Ea which 20% RPSO
revealed the highest and 30% RPSO the lowest revealing that higher energy was
required for the reaction to proceed then leading to lower acrylamide formation
compared to others. The kinetics parameters of different oil blends of RPSO
estimated in the present study may provide insight into the optimum RPSO blend
to reduce acrylamide formation during heat treatment. |
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