Variations of reflectance with moisture content in single maize kernels and spinach leaves at wavelength 300 nm to 800 nm

This research describes an optical fiber reflectance technique in determining the moisture content in single maize kernels and spinach leaves in wavelength region from 300 nm to 800 nm. The technique is a simple, fast, non-destructive and accurate way to establish the relationship between reflectanc...

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Main Author:	Md Norimi, Amizadillah
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2011
Subjects:	Reflectance Corn - Moisture Spinach - Moisture
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/26487/1/FS%202011%20103R.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.26487
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spelling	my-upm-ir.264872022-01-26T05:31:02Z Variations of reflectance with moisture content in single maize kernels and spinach leaves at wavelength 300 nm to 800 nm 2011-12 Md Norimi, Amizadillah This research describes an optical fiber reflectance technique in determining the moisture content in single maize kernels and spinach leaves in wavelength region from 300 nm to 800 nm. The technique is a simple, fast, non-destructive and accurate way to establish the relationship between reflectance and moisture content of both samples. Spectral acquisitions were controlled using the Ocean Optic Spectra Suite operating software. Samples were illuminated by a light source that combines deuterium and tungsten halogen light sources in a single optical path. The Ocean Optic Spectroscopy system consists of an integrated set of seven 440 μm diameter fibers with six illumination fibers encircling one detection fiber. Spectral changes were related to changes in the apparent colour of maize kernels and spinach leaves as it was influenced by moisture content. The results suggest that the percentage of reflectance decreases with moisture content for both maize kernel and spinach leaves at all wavelengths. Lower values in moisture content will result in a slightly darker colour of both samples which in turn will reduce the percentage values of reflectance. In this work, the actual moisture content was found by applying standard oven drying method whilst the Kubelka-Munk theory was used to characterize the scattering and absorption coefficients of single maize kernels and spinach leaves. The performance characteristics of the optical fiber technique for the determination of moisture content were presented in terms of accuracy, standard deviation, probability density function and tolerance. The relative error of the optical fiber technique to determine moisture content based on reflectance measurements were found to be as low as 0.037 at 590 nm for single maize kernels and 0.073 at 380 nm for spinach leaves. Reflectance Corn - Moisture Spinach - Moisture 2011-12 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/26487/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/26487/1/FS%202011%20103R.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Reflectance Corn - Moisture Spinach - Moisture Faculty of Science
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Reflectance Corn - Moisture Spinach - Moisture
spellingShingle	Reflectance Corn - Moisture Spinach - Moisture Md Norimi, Amizadillah Variations of reflectance with moisture content in single maize kernels and spinach leaves at wavelength 300 nm to 800 nm
description	This research describes an optical fiber reflectance technique in determining the moisture content in single maize kernels and spinach leaves in wavelength region from 300 nm to 800 nm. The technique is a simple, fast, non-destructive and accurate way to establish the relationship between reflectance and moisture content of both samples. Spectral acquisitions were controlled using the Ocean Optic Spectra Suite operating software. Samples were illuminated by a light source that combines deuterium and tungsten halogen light sources in a single optical path. The Ocean Optic Spectroscopy system consists of an integrated set of seven 440 μm diameter fibers with six illumination fibers encircling one detection fiber. Spectral changes were related to changes in the apparent colour of maize kernels and spinach leaves as it was influenced by moisture content. The results suggest that the percentage of reflectance decreases with moisture content for both maize kernel and spinach leaves at all wavelengths. Lower values in moisture content will result in a slightly darker colour of both samples which in turn will reduce the percentage values of reflectance. In this work, the actual moisture content was found by applying standard oven drying method whilst the Kubelka-Munk theory was used to characterize the scattering and absorption coefficients of single maize kernels and spinach leaves. The performance characteristics of the optical fiber technique for the determination of moisture content were presented in terms of accuracy, standard deviation, probability density function and tolerance. The relative error of the optical fiber technique to determine moisture content based on reflectance measurements were found to be as low as 0.037 at 590 nm for single maize kernels and 0.073 at 380 nm for spinach leaves.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Md Norimi, Amizadillah
author_facet	Md Norimi, Amizadillah
author_sort	Md Norimi, Amizadillah
title	Variations of reflectance with moisture content in single maize kernels and spinach leaves at wavelength 300 nm to 800 nm
title_short	Variations of reflectance with moisture content in single maize kernels and spinach leaves at wavelength 300 nm to 800 nm
title_full	Variations of reflectance with moisture content in single maize kernels and spinach leaves at wavelength 300 nm to 800 nm
title_fullStr	Variations of reflectance with moisture content in single maize kernels and spinach leaves at wavelength 300 nm to 800 nm
title_full_unstemmed	Variations of reflectance with moisture content in single maize kernels and spinach leaves at wavelength 300 nm to 800 nm
title_sort	variations of reflectance with moisture content in single maize kernels and spinach leaves at wavelength 300 nm to 800 nm
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
granting_department	Faculty of Science
publishDate	2011
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/26487/1/FS%202011%20103R.pdf
_version_	1747811543984111616

Variations of reflectance with moisture content in single maize kernels and spinach leaves at wavelength 300 nm to 800 nm

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