Preparation and characterization of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate)/clay nanocomposites

In this study, natural clay (Na-MMT) and synthetic layered double hydroxide (LDH) were modified to produce organo-modified clay. LDH was prepared via co-precipitation method by adding dropwise a solution of NaOH (1M) into a solution of Mg(NO3)2·6H2O and Al(NO3)3·9H2O. Both Na-MMT and LDH were modifi...

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Main Author:	Mohd Anuar, Mohd Firdaus
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2012
Subjects:	Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate Nanocomposites (Materials) Clay
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/30916/1/FS%202012%207R.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.30916
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-upm-ir.309162015-02-05T07:26:39Z Preparation and characterization of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate)/clay nanocomposites 2012-08 Mohd Anuar, Mohd Firdaus In this study, natural clay (Na-MMT) and synthetic layered double hydroxide (LDH) were modified to produce organo-modified clay. LDH was prepared via co-precipitation method by adding dropwise a solution of NaOH (1M) into a solution of Mg(NO3)2·6H2O and Al(NO3)3·9H2O. Both Na-MMT and LDH were modified via ion exchange technique using octadecylamine (ODA) and sodium stearate respectively to perform organo-modified clays. The modification was carried out by stirring the clay in an aqueous solution of a mixture of Na-MMT and ODA, and LDH and sodium stearate. The modified clays were then used in preparation of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate), PHBV nanocomposites. The intercalation of the modifier in the clays layer were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) Analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. PHBV/clay nanocomposites were prepared via solution casting technique. The clays were added into chloroform solution of PHBV based on a fixed amount of clay loading. The amount of clays added were 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 wt% for all type of clays. For further dispersion of clay, the mixture of PHBV/clay solution was sonicated for 30 min. The viscous solutions were casted in a glass petri dish and dried in the solvent atmosphere to obtain the nanocomposite films. The effect of clay loading on PHBV/clay nanocomposites were characterized by means of mechanical, thermal and morphology properties. The addition of natural and modified clays was found not to increase the tensile strength property of the nanocomposites. However, the elongation at break property was found to increase for all anocomposites. At 0.5 wt% of clay loading of ODA-MMT, the maximum elongation at break was achieved. This result is in accordance with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis which shows the stretching images at 0.5 wt% of clay loading for all nanocomposites. The thermal stability of PHBV/clay nanocomposites was found to increase with the increase of clay loading. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) images showed that exfoliated and intercalated type of nanocomposites was successfully prepared with the incorporation of 1.0 wt% of modified clays loading. Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate Nanocomposites (Materials) Clay 2012-08 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/30916/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/30916/1/FS%202012%207R.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate Nanocomposites (Materials) Clay Faculty of Science
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate Nanocomposites (Materials) Clay
spellingShingle	Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate Nanocomposites (Materials) Clay Mohd Anuar, Mohd Firdaus Preparation and characterization of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate)/clay nanocomposites
description	In this study, natural clay (Na-MMT) and synthetic layered double hydroxide (LDH) were modified to produce organo-modified clay. LDH was prepared via co-precipitation method by adding dropwise a solution of NaOH (1M) into a solution of Mg(NO3)2·6H2O and Al(NO3)3·9H2O. Both Na-MMT and LDH were modified via ion exchange technique using octadecylamine (ODA) and sodium stearate respectively to perform organo-modified clays. The modification was carried out by stirring the clay in an aqueous solution of a mixture of Na-MMT and ODA, and LDH and sodium stearate. The modified clays were then used in preparation of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate), PHBV nanocomposites. The intercalation of the modifier in the clays layer were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) Analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. PHBV/clay nanocomposites were prepared via solution casting technique. The clays were added into chloroform solution of PHBV based on a fixed amount of clay loading. The amount of clays added were 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 wt% for all type of clays. For further dispersion of clay, the mixture of PHBV/clay solution was sonicated for 30 min. The viscous solutions were casted in a glass petri dish and dried in the solvent atmosphere to obtain the nanocomposite films. The effect of clay loading on PHBV/clay nanocomposites were characterized by means of mechanical, thermal and morphology properties. The addition of natural and modified clays was found not to increase the tensile strength property of the nanocomposites. However, the elongation at break property was found to increase for all anocomposites. At 0.5 wt% of clay loading of ODA-MMT, the maximum elongation at break was achieved. This result is in accordance with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis which shows the stretching images at 0.5 wt% of clay loading for all nanocomposites. The thermal stability of PHBV/clay nanocomposites was found to increase with the increase of clay loading. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) images showed that exfoliated and intercalated type of nanocomposites was successfully prepared with the incorporation of 1.0 wt% of modified clays loading.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Mohd Anuar, Mohd Firdaus
author_facet	Mohd Anuar, Mohd Firdaus
author_sort	Mohd Anuar, Mohd Firdaus
title	Preparation and characterization of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate)/clay nanocomposites
title_short	Preparation and characterization of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate)/clay nanocomposites
title_full	Preparation and characterization of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate)/clay nanocomposites
title_fullStr	Preparation and characterization of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate)/clay nanocomposites
title_full_unstemmed	Preparation and characterization of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate)/clay nanocomposites
title_sort	preparation and characterization of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate)/clay nanocomposites
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
granting_department	Faculty of Science
publishDate	2012
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/30916/1/FS%202012%207R.pdf
_version_	1747811605155938304

Preparation and characterization of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate)/clay nanocomposites

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