Gamma radiation induced synthesis and characterization of polyvinyl alcohol/polyaniline/CdS nanocomposite

The polymers/semiconductor nanoparticle composites were prepared from 60 g of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), 12 g of aniline hydrochloride and different cadmium nitrate concentrations of 0.0462, 0.0924, 0.1386 and 0.186 g and different sulphur thiosulfate concentrations of 0.0372, 0.0744, 0.1116 and 0.15...

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Main Author:	Kharazmi, Alireza
Format:	Thesis
Published:	2013
Subjects:	Gamma rays Polyvinyl alcohol
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id	my-upm-ir.38841
record_format	uketd_dc
spelling	my-upm-ir.388412016-04-06T05:14:03Z Gamma radiation induced synthesis and characterization of polyvinyl alcohol/polyaniline/CdS nanocomposite 2013-06 Kharazmi, Alireza The polymers/semiconductor nanoparticle composites were prepared from 60 g of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), 12 g of aniline hydrochloride and different cadmium nitrate concentrations of 0.0462, 0.0924, 0.1386 and 0.186 g and different sulphur thiosulfate concentrations of 0.0372, 0.0744, 0.1116 and 0.15 g respectively in 600- ml deionized water at ambient condition. The aqueous composites were dried several days in a dark room to prepare for composite films which then undergone gamma irradiation with doses up to 50 kGy of Co-60 gamma-rays source at a constant dose rate. As a result, aniline monomers were converted to polyaniline (PANI) and cadmium and sulfur ions were converted to cadmium sulfide (CdS) owing to radiation oxidation and reduction processes respectively. The composites have been transformed into PVA/PANI/CdS nanocomposites and their structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties were characterized by using XRD, FESEM, UV-visible spectroscopy and impedance analyzer, respectively. The formation of crystalline growth of CdS nanoparticles was confirmed by sharp XRD peaks in the 2 range of 10° to 30° which possessed orthorhombic structure with crystal lattice parameter a= 7 Ǻ, b=7.9 Ǻ, c= 10.4 Ǻ and V=567 Ǻ 3 . While, the formation of PVA/PANI composites was confirmed by broad XRD peaks and branch shape FESEM images. The optical absorption spectra of PVA/PANI/CdS nanocomposites revealed characteristic peaks at 316 and 375 nm due to Cl powder and CdS nanoparticles, respectively; and a shoulder at 575 nm due to PANI. The band gap energy decreased from 1.85 eV to 1.65 eV for PANI and increased from 2.55 to 2.70 eV for CdS nanoparticles as the doses increased from 0 to 50 kGy. The dc conductivity of the PVA/PANI/CdS nanocomposites increased from about 4.4x10-7 to 2.4x10-4 S/m owing the creation of polarons in the PANI covalent structure as the doses increased from 0 to 50 kGy. Gamma rays Polyvinyl alcohol 2013-06 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38841/ masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Gamma rays Polyvinyl alcohol
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
topic	Gamma rays Polyvinyl alcohol
spellingShingle	Gamma rays Polyvinyl alcohol Kharazmi, Alireza Gamma radiation induced synthesis and characterization of polyvinyl alcohol/polyaniline/CdS nanocomposite
description	The polymers/semiconductor nanoparticle composites were prepared from 60 g of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), 12 g of aniline hydrochloride and different cadmium nitrate concentrations of 0.0462, 0.0924, 0.1386 and 0.186 g and different sulphur thiosulfate concentrations of 0.0372, 0.0744, 0.1116 and 0.15 g respectively in 600- ml deionized water at ambient condition. The aqueous composites were dried several days in a dark room to prepare for composite films which then undergone gamma irradiation with doses up to 50 kGy of Co-60 gamma-rays source at a constant dose rate. As a result, aniline monomers were converted to polyaniline (PANI) and cadmium and sulfur ions were converted to cadmium sulfide (CdS) owing to radiation oxidation and reduction processes respectively. The composites have been transformed into PVA/PANI/CdS nanocomposites and their structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties were characterized by using XRD, FESEM, UV-visible spectroscopy and impedance analyzer, respectively. The formation of crystalline growth of CdS nanoparticles was confirmed by sharp XRD peaks in the 2 range of 10° to 30° which possessed orthorhombic structure with crystal lattice parameter a= 7 Ǻ, b=7.9 Ǻ, c= 10.4 Ǻ and V=567 Ǻ 3 . While, the formation of PVA/PANI composites was confirmed by broad XRD peaks and branch shape FESEM images. The optical absorption spectra of PVA/PANI/CdS nanocomposites revealed characteristic peaks at 316 and 375 nm due to Cl powder and CdS nanoparticles, respectively; and a shoulder at 575 nm due to PANI. The band gap energy decreased from 1.85 eV to 1.65 eV for PANI and increased from 2.55 to 2.70 eV for CdS nanoparticles as the doses increased from 0 to 50 kGy. The dc conductivity of the PVA/PANI/CdS nanocomposites increased from about 4.4x10-7 to 2.4x10-4 S/m owing the creation of polarons in the PANI covalent structure as the doses increased from 0 to 50 kGy.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Kharazmi, Alireza
author_facet	Kharazmi, Alireza
author_sort	Kharazmi, Alireza
title	Gamma radiation induced synthesis and characterization of polyvinyl alcohol/polyaniline/CdS nanocomposite
title_short	Gamma radiation induced synthesis and characterization of polyvinyl alcohol/polyaniline/CdS nanocomposite
title_full	Gamma radiation induced synthesis and characterization of polyvinyl alcohol/polyaniline/CdS nanocomposite
title_fullStr	Gamma radiation induced synthesis and characterization of polyvinyl alcohol/polyaniline/CdS nanocomposite
title_full_unstemmed	Gamma radiation induced synthesis and characterization of polyvinyl alcohol/polyaniline/CdS nanocomposite
title_sort	gamma radiation induced synthesis and characterization of polyvinyl alcohol/polyaniline/cds nanocomposite
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2013
_version_	1747811757147029504

Gamma radiation induced synthesis and characterization of polyvinyl alcohol/polyaniline/CdS nanocomposite

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