Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Films From Sago Starch and Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Blends

Biodegradable films of sago starch and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blends (SP) have been prepared by solution casting method. Glycerol was used as a plasticizer. Sodium borate (borax) and glutaraldehyde were used to increase the compatibility of sago starch and PVA. The optimum amount of glycerol is 2...

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Main Author:	Widiarto, Sonny
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English English
Published:	2004
Subjects:	Biodegradable films Polyvinyl alcohol
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/418/1/549714_FS_2004_5.pdf
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spelling	my-upm-ir.4182013-05-27T06:48:13Z Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Films From Sago Starch and Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Blends 2004-04 Widiarto, Sonny Biodegradable films of sago starch and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blends (SP) have been prepared by solution casting method. Glycerol was used as a plasticizer. Sodium borate (borax) and glutaraldehyde were used to increase the compatibility of sago starch and PVA. The optimum amount of glycerol is 20% (w/w). The optimum values of tensile strength and elongation at break of the films are obtained with an addition of 8% (w/w) sodium borate (borax) or 62.5% (w/w) glutaraldehyde. Both pure PVA and sago starch films are apparently transparent. However, their blend films are slightly opaque probably due to phase separation. Increase the amount of PVA in the film leads to an increase of the tensile strength and reduces the elongation of films. Both borax and glutaraldehyde increase the elongation at break of the sago starch – PVA blend films, but improvement of tensile strength is only obtained when the films are added with borax. The films produced were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR spectrum of sago starch – PVA – borax (SPB) film showed the shifting of characteristic O-H stretching vibration peak to a higher wavelength number at 3426 cm-1 and an increase of O-H bending intensity of absorbed water peak at 1638 cm-1, indicating more tightly bound water present in the film in comparison with that of SP film. SEM studies show that SPB film was porous. Meanwhile, TGA studies revealed that decomposition of SPB film is a three-stage process. XRD studies indicated that the degree of crystallinity of SPB film is higher than that of SP film. FTIR spectrum of sago starch – PVA – glutaraldehyde (SPG) film shows the appearance of aldehyde’s carbonyl group at 1717 cm-1. This peak should be disappeared after the acetalation reaction. However, the peak is weaker than that of normal aldehyde, indicating the occurrence of incomplete acetalation reaction. SPG film has a more compact structure than that of SP film as shown by SEM. Thermal decomposition of SPG film is also in a three-stage process. XRD studies indicated that the degree of crystallinity of SPG film is lower than that in SP film. Tensile strength of both SPB and SPG films increase after storage treatment, whereas their elongation decrease. The changes of tensile properties could be related to both the changes on crystallinity and the loss of plasticizer during storage. The B-type crystallinity appeared on the SPB samples after two months of storage, but the same crystallinity was not observed in SPG samples. Biodegradation of original and modified sago starch – PVA blend films have been studied by soil burial method. Percentage of weight loss of both SPB and SPG films increase with an increase of sago starch content. Biodegradable films Polyvinyl alcohol 2004-04 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/418/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/418/1/549714_FS_2004_5.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Biodegradable films Polyvinyl alcohol Faculty of Science English
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English English
topic	Biodegradable films Polyvinyl alcohol
spellingShingle	Biodegradable films Polyvinyl alcohol Widiarto, Sonny Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Films From Sago Starch and Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Blends
description	Biodegradable films of sago starch and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blends (SP) have been prepared by solution casting method. Glycerol was used as a plasticizer. Sodium borate (borax) and glutaraldehyde were used to increase the compatibility of sago starch and PVA. The optimum amount of glycerol is 20% (w/w). The optimum values of tensile strength and elongation at break of the films are obtained with an addition of 8% (w/w) sodium borate (borax) or 62.5% (w/w) glutaraldehyde. Both pure PVA and sago starch films are apparently transparent. However, their blend films are slightly opaque probably due to phase separation. Increase the amount of PVA in the film leads to an increase of the tensile strength and reduces the elongation of films. Both borax and glutaraldehyde increase the elongation at break of the sago starch – PVA blend films, but improvement of tensile strength is only obtained when the films are added with borax. The films produced were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR spectrum of sago starch – PVA – borax (SPB) film showed the shifting of characteristic O-H stretching vibration peak to a higher wavelength number at 3426 cm-1 and an increase of O-H bending intensity of absorbed water peak at 1638 cm-1, indicating more tightly bound water present in the film in comparison with that of SP film. SEM studies show that SPB film was porous. Meanwhile, TGA studies revealed that decomposition of SPB film is a three-stage process. XRD studies indicated that the degree of crystallinity of SPB film is higher than that of SP film. FTIR spectrum of sago starch – PVA – glutaraldehyde (SPG) film shows the appearance of aldehyde’s carbonyl group at 1717 cm-1. This peak should be disappeared after the acetalation reaction. However, the peak is weaker than that of normal aldehyde, indicating the occurrence of incomplete acetalation reaction. SPG film has a more compact structure than that of SP film as shown by SEM. Thermal decomposition of SPG film is also in a three-stage process. XRD studies indicated that the degree of crystallinity of SPG film is lower than that in SP film. Tensile strength of both SPB and SPG films increase after storage treatment, whereas their elongation decrease. The changes of tensile properties could be related to both the changes on crystallinity and the loss of plasticizer during storage. The B-type crystallinity appeared on the SPB samples after two months of storage, but the same crystallinity was not observed in SPG samples. Biodegradation of original and modified sago starch – PVA blend films have been studied by soil burial method. Percentage of weight loss of both SPB and SPG films increase with an increase of sago starch content.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Widiarto, Sonny
author_facet	Widiarto, Sonny
author_sort	Widiarto, Sonny
title	Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Films From Sago Starch and Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Blends
title_short	Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Films From Sago Starch and Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Blends
title_full	Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Films From Sago Starch and Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Blends
title_fullStr	Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Films From Sago Starch and Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Blends
title_full_unstemmed	Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Films From Sago Starch and Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Blends
title_sort	preparation and characterization of biodegradable films from sago starch and poly(vinyl alcohol) blends
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
granting_department	Faculty of Science
publishDate	2004
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/418/1/549714_FS_2004_5.pdf
_version_	1747810216838168576

Preparation and Characterization of Biodegradable Films From Sago Starch and Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Blends

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