Mitigation of rain attenuation in equatorial region for MEASAT-2 and MEASAT-3 using orbital diversity

Rain is the main contributor towards signal attenuation for satellites operating above 3 GHz, and its effect becomes significant at 10 GHz and above. This causes satellite signal to experience degradation, and to some extent, signal cut-off. A tropical area such as Malaysia faces heavy rainfall thr...

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Main Author:	Agil, Halid
Format:	Thesis
Language:	English
Published:	2012
Subjects:	Artificial satellites - Equatorial orbits Orbits Rainfall intensity duration frequencies - Malaysia
Online Access:	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/47512/1/FK%202012%2042R.pdf
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id	my-upm-ir.47512
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spelling	my-upm-ir.475122016-07-14T02:07:38Z Mitigation of rain attenuation in equatorial region for MEASAT-2 and MEASAT-3 using orbital diversity 2012-07 Agil, Halid Rain is the main contributor towards signal attenuation for satellites operating above 3 GHz, and its effect becomes significant at 10 GHz and above. This causes satellite signal to experience degradation, and to some extent, signal cut-off. A tropical area such as Malaysia faces heavy rainfall throughout the year, and thus the satellite’s signal attenuation would occur frequently. This effect is undesirable for satellite services such as those provided by MEASAT satellites, as clients and customers demand for uninterrupted transmissions. Orbital diversity (OD) is seen to be a viable method to mitigate rain attenuation. It employs multiple satellites transmitting identical signal streams toward a mutual ground station. Although orbital diversity has been studied with great interest in regions such as Europe, there is little information of OD research in tropical regions, particularly in Malaysia. Therefore, this thesis proposed an analysis of an OD system in Malaysian climate using MEASAT satellites. An OD simulation model has been setup using parameters from MEASAT-2,MEASAT-3, and MEASAT Satellite Control Centre in Pulau Langkawi. It involved a rain attenuation prediction for each satellite, based on the ITU-R recommended rain attenuation model, signal gain prediction, and diversity gain prediction. The simulation model has been programmed in MATLAB environment. The results are obtained in numerical figures and graphs. The performance of the OD system is dependent upon the operating frequency and the satellite’s elevation angle. The simulation has shown that rain attenuation increases exponentially with the increase of frequency. Therefore, the signal gain decreases in an inverse exponential manner, particularly for individual signals of MEASAT-2 and MEASAT-3. Using signal combination, an OD signal can achieve a signal boost of up to 2.3 times the individual signal gain. With this significant finding, the OD is proposed to mitigate rain attenuation in Malaysia. Artificial satellites - Equatorial orbits Orbits Rainfall intensity duration frequencies - Malaysia 2012-07 Thesis http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/47512/ http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/47512/1/FK%202012%2042R.pdf application/pdf en public masters Universiti Putra Malaysia Artificial satellites - Equatorial orbits Orbits Rainfall intensity duration frequencies - Malaysia
institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
collection	PSAS Institutional Repository
language	English
topic	Artificial satellites - Equatorial orbits Orbits Rainfall intensity duration frequencies - Malaysia
spellingShingle	Artificial satellites - Equatorial orbits Orbits Rainfall intensity duration frequencies - Malaysia Agil, Halid Mitigation of rain attenuation in equatorial region for MEASAT-2 and MEASAT-3 using orbital diversity
description	Rain is the main contributor towards signal attenuation for satellites operating above 3 GHz, and its effect becomes significant at 10 GHz and above. This causes satellite signal to experience degradation, and to some extent, signal cut-off. A tropical area such as Malaysia faces heavy rainfall throughout the year, and thus the satellite’s signal attenuation would occur frequently. This effect is undesirable for satellite services such as those provided by MEASAT satellites, as clients and customers demand for uninterrupted transmissions. Orbital diversity (OD) is seen to be a viable method to mitigate rain attenuation. It employs multiple satellites transmitting identical signal streams toward a mutual ground station. Although orbital diversity has been studied with great interest in regions such as Europe, there is little information of OD research in tropical regions, particularly in Malaysia. Therefore, this thesis proposed an analysis of an OD system in Malaysian climate using MEASAT satellites. An OD simulation model has been setup using parameters from MEASAT-2,MEASAT-3, and MEASAT Satellite Control Centre in Pulau Langkawi. It involved a rain attenuation prediction for each satellite, based on the ITU-R recommended rain attenuation model, signal gain prediction, and diversity gain prediction. The simulation model has been programmed in MATLAB environment. The results are obtained in numerical figures and graphs. The performance of the OD system is dependent upon the operating frequency and the satellite’s elevation angle. The simulation has shown that rain attenuation increases exponentially with the increase of frequency. Therefore, the signal gain decreases in an inverse exponential manner, particularly for individual signals of MEASAT-2 and MEASAT-3. Using signal combination, an OD signal can achieve a signal boost of up to 2.3 times the individual signal gain. With this significant finding, the OD is proposed to mitigate rain attenuation in Malaysia.
format	Thesis
qualification_level	Master's degree
author	Agil, Halid
author_facet	Agil, Halid
author_sort	Agil, Halid
title	Mitigation of rain attenuation in equatorial region for MEASAT-2 and MEASAT-3 using orbital diversity
title_short	Mitigation of rain attenuation in equatorial region for MEASAT-2 and MEASAT-3 using orbital diversity
title_full	Mitigation of rain attenuation in equatorial region for MEASAT-2 and MEASAT-3 using orbital diversity
title_fullStr	Mitigation of rain attenuation in equatorial region for MEASAT-2 and MEASAT-3 using orbital diversity
title_full_unstemmed	Mitigation of rain attenuation in equatorial region for MEASAT-2 and MEASAT-3 using orbital diversity
title_sort	mitigation of rain attenuation in equatorial region for measat-2 and measat-3 using orbital diversity
granting_institution	Universiti Putra Malaysia
publishDate	2012
url	http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/47512/1/FK%202012%2042R.pdf
_version_	1747811931546189824

Mitigation of rain attenuation in equatorial region for MEASAT-2 and MEASAT-3 using orbital diversity

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